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Environmental sampling of volatile organic compounds during the 2018 Camp Fire in Northern California

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2021年第5期33卷 135-147页

作者： Leslie A.Simms Eva Borras Bradley S.Chew Bruno Matsui Mitchell M.McCartney stephen k.robinson Nicholas kenyon Cristina E.Davis Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering University of CaliforniaDavisOne Shields Avenue2132 Bainer HallDavisCA 95616USA Institute for Space Research University of CaliforniaDavisOne Shields AvenueDavisCA 95616USA Department of Internal Medicine University of CaliforniaDavis4150V StreetSuite 3400SacramentoCA 95817USA VA Northern California Health Care System 10535 Hospital WayMatherCA 95655USA

Trace analysis of volatile organic compounds(VOCs) during wildfires is imperative for environmental and health risk assessment. The use of gas sampling devices mounted on unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs) to chemically sample air during wildfires is of great interest because these devices move freely about their environment, allowing for more representative air samples and the ability to sample areas dangerous or unreachable by humans. This work presents chemical data from air samples obtained in Davis, CA during the most destructive wildfire in California's history-the 2018 Camp Fire – as well as the deployment of our sampling device during a controlled experimental fire while fixed to a UAV. The sampling mechanism was an in-house manufactured micro-gas preconcentrator(μPC) embedded onto a compact battery-operated sampler that was returned to the laboratory for chemical analysis. Compounds commonly observed in wildfires were detected during the Camp Fire using gas chromatography mass spectrometry(GC–MS), including BTEX(benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, m + p-xylene, and o-xylene), benzaldehyde, 1,4-dichlorobenzene, naphthalene, 1,2,3-trimethylbenzene and 1-ethyl-3-methylbenzene. Concentrations of BTEX were calculated and we observed that benzene and toluene were highest with average concentrations of 4.7 and 15.1 μg/m^(3), respectively. Numerous fire-related compounds including BTEX and aldehydes such as octanal and nonanal were detected upon experimental fire ignition, even at a much smaller sampling time compared to samples taken during the Camp Fire. Analysis of the air samples taken both stationary during the Camp Fire and mobile during an experimental fire show the successful operation of our sampler in a fire environment.

关键词： Volatile organic compounds(VOCs) Wildfire 2018 Camp Fire Micro preconcentrators Environmental sampling Mobile VOC sampling

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Hyporheic Zone Flow Disruption from Channel Linings： Implications for the Hydrology and Geochemistry of an Urban Stream, St. Louis, Missouri, USA

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Journal of Earth Science 2016年第1期27卷 98-109页

作者： elizabeth a.hasenmueller heather k.robinson Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences Saint Louis University St. Louis MO 63108 USA

Cement channel linings in an urban stream in St. Louis, Missouri increase event water contributions during flooding, shorten transport times, and magnify geochemical variability on both short and seasonal timescales due to disruption of hyporheic flowpaths. Detailed analyses of water isotopes, major and trace elements, and in situ water quality data for an individual flood event reveal that baseflow contributions rise by 8% only 320 m downstream of the point where this particular channel changes from cement-lined to unlined. However, additional hydrograph separations indicate baseflow contributions are variable and can be much higher（average baseflow increase is 16%）. Stream electrical conductivity（EC） and solute concentrations in the lined reach were up to 25% lower during peak flow than in the unlined channel, indicating a greater event flow fraction. In contrast, during low flow, stream EC and solute concentrations in the lined reach were up to 30% higher due to the restricted inflow of more dilute groundwater. Over longer timescales, EC, solute concentrations, turbidity, and bacterial loads decrease downstream signifying increasing contributions of dilute baseflow. The decreased connectivity of surface waters and groundwaters along the hyporheic zone in lined channels increases the hydrologic and geochemical variability of urban streams.

关键词： stream channel linings hyporheic zone groundwater-surface water interactions,flood hydrograph urban geochemistry urban streams.

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Degradation and mineralization of 2-chloro-, 3-chloro- and 4-chlorobiphenyl by a newly characterized natural bacterial strain isolated from an electrical transformer fluid-contaminated soil

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2008年第10期20卷 1250-1257页

作者： Matthew O.Ilori Gary k.robinson Sunday A.Adebusoye Department of Botany and Microbiology University of Lagos Akoka Yaba Lagos Nigeria Department of Biosciences University of kent Canterbury kent CT2 7NJ United kingdom

A bacterium classified as Achromobacter xylosoxidans strain IR08 by phenotypic typing coupled with 16S rRNA gene analysis was isolated from a soil contaminated with electrical transformer ?uid for over sixty years using Aroclor 1221 as an enrichment substrate. The substrate utilization profiles revealed that IR08 could grow on all three monochlorobiphenyls (CBs), 2,4’- and 4,4’-dichlorobiphenyl as well as 2-chlorobenzoate (2-CBA), 3-CBA, 4-CBA, and 2,3-dichlorobenzoate. Unusually, growth was poorly sustaine...

关键词： aerobic degradation chlorobenzoates mineralization monochlorobiphenyls natural strain polychlorinated biphenyls

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Resolution-enhanced X-ray fluorescence microscopy via deep residual networks

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npj Computational Materials 2023年第1期9卷 1935-1942页

作者： Longlong Wu Seongmin Bak Youngho Shin Yong S.Chu Shinjae Yoo Ian k.robinson Xiaojing Huang Computational Science Initiative Brookhaven National LaboratoryUptonNY 11973USA Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department Brookhaven National LaboratoryUptonNY 11973USA National Synchrotron Light Source II Brookhaven National LaboratoryUptonNY 11973USA Materials Engineering Research Facility Applied Materials DivisionArgonne National LaboratoryLemontIL 60439USA London Centre for Nanotechnology University College LondonLondon WC1E 6BTUK

Multimodal hard X-ray scanning probe microscopy has been extensively used to study functional materials providing multiple contrast *** instance,combining ptychography with X-ray fluorescence(XRF)microscopy reveals structural and chemical properties *** ptychography can achieve diffraction-limited spatial resolution,the resolution of XRF is limited by the X-ray probe ***,we develop a machine learning(ML)model to overcome this problem by decoupling the impact of the X-ray probe from the XRF *** enhanced spatial resolution was observed for both simulated and experimental XRF data,showing superior performance over the state-of-the-art scanning XRF method with different nano-sized X-ray *** spatial resolutions were also observed for the accompanying XRF tomography *** this probe profile deconvolution with the proposed ML solution to enhance the spatial resolution of XRF microscopy will be broadly applicable across both functional materials and biological imaging with XRF and other related application areas.

关键词： resolution overcome instance

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The structure of mixed-species bird flocks,and their response to anthropogenic disturbance,with special reference to East Asia

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Chinese Birds 2015年第3期6卷 121-131页

作者： Eben Goodale Ping Ding Xiaohu Liu Ari Martínez Xingfeng Si Mitch Walters Scott k.robinson Department of Forestry Guangxi University College of Life Sciences Zhejiang University Wildlife Conservation Society China Program Department of Biology San Francisco State University Department of Biology University of Florida Florida Museum of Natural History University of Florida

Mixed-species flocks of birds are distributed world-wide and can be especially dominant in temperate forests during the non-breeding season and in tropical rainforests *** review from a community ecology perspective what is known about the structure and organization of flocks,emphasizing that flocking species tend to be those particularly vulnerable to predation,and flocks tend to be led by species that are able to act as sources of information about predators for other *** on how flocks respond to fragmentation and land-use intensification continue to accumulate,but the question of whether the flock phenomenon makes species more vulnerable to anthropogenic change remains *** review the literature on flocks in East Asia and demonstrate there is a good foundation of knowledge on which to *** then outline potentially fruitful future directions,focusing on studies that can investigate how dependent species are on each other in flocks,and how such interdependencies might affect avian habitat selection in the different types of human-modified environments of this region.

关键词： Biodiversity crisis Biological networks Community assembly Competition Interspecific communication keystone species Mutualism Pr

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Three-dimensional coherent X-ray diffraction imaging via deep convolutional neural networks

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npj Computational Materials 2021年第1期7卷 1592-1599页

作者： Longlong Wu Shinjae Yoo Ana F.Suzana Tadesse A.Assefa Jiecheng Diao Ross J.Harder Wonsuk Cha Ian k.robinson Computational Science Initiative Brookhaven National LaboratoryUptonNYUSA Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department Brookhaven National LaboratoryUptonNYUSA Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences SLAC National Accelerator LaboratoryCaliforniaUSA London Centre for Nanotechnology University College LondonLondonUK Advanced Photon Source ArgonneILUSA

As a critical component of coherent X-ray diffraction imaging(CDI),phase retrieval has been extensively applied in X-ray structural science to recover the 3D morphological information inside measured *** meeting all the oversampling requirements of Sayre and Shannon,current phase retrieval approaches still have trouble achieving a unique inversion of experimental data in the presence of ***,we propose to overcome this limitation by incorporating a 3D Machine Learning(ML)model combining(optional)supervised learning with transfer *** trained ML model can rapidly provide an immediate result with high accuracy which could benefit real-time experiments,and the predicted result can be further refined with transfer *** significantly,the proposed ML model can be used without any prior training to learn the missing phases of an image based on minimization of an appropriate‘loss function’*** demonstrate significantly improved performance with experimental Bragg CDI data over traditional iterative phase retrieval algorithms.

关键词： coherent convolution overcome

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High association strengths are linked to phenotypic similarity,including plumage color and patterns,of participants in mixed-species bird flocks of southwestern China

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Current Zoology 2024年第1期70卷 34-44页

作者： Liping Zhou Christos Mammides Youfang Chen Wenyi Zhou Wenzhang Dai Edward L.Braun Rebecca T.kimball Yang Liu Scott k.robinson Eben Goodale Guangxi key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Conservation College of ForestryGuangxi UniversityNanning 530004China kunming Natural History Museum of Zoology Kunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650223China Nature Conservation Unit Frederick University7Yianni Frederickou StreetPallouriotissaNicosia 1036Cyprus State key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100093China Florida Museum of Natural History University of FloridaGainesvilleFL 34201USA Department of Biology University of FloridaGainesvilleFL 34201USA School of Life Science and Institute of Wetland Ecology Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210000China State key Laboratory of Biocontrol School of EcologySun-Yatsen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China Department of Health and Environmental Science Xi'an Jiaotong Liverpool UniversitySuzhou 215123China

Participants in mixed-species bird flocks(MSFs)have been shown to associate with species that are similar in body size,diet,and evolutionary history,suggesting that facilitation structures these *** addition,several studies have suggested that species in MsFs resemble each other in their plumage,but this question has not been systematically investigated for any MsF *** the nonbreeding season of 2020 and 2021,we sampled 585 MSFs on 14 transects in 2 habitats of Tongbiguang Nature Reserve in western Yunnan Province,*** performed social network analysis and the Multiple Regression Quadratic Assignment Procedure to evaluate the effect of 4 species traits(body size,overall plumage color,distinctive plumage patterns,and diet)and evolutionary history on species association strength at the whole-MSF and within-MSF *** 41 significant relationships showed that species with stronger associations were more similar in their various *** size had the strongest effect on association strength,followed by phylogeny,plumage patterns,and plumage color;diet had the weakest *** results are consistent with the hypotheses that the benefits of associating with phenotypically similar species outweigh the potential costs of interspecific competition,and that trait matching can occur in plumage characteristics,albeit more weakly than in other *** explanations exist as to why similarities in plumage may occur in MSFs,including that they could reduce predators'ability to target phenotypically"odd"*** trait matching in plumage occurs through assortative processes in ecological time or is influenced by co-evolution requires furtherstudy.

关键词： co-evolution interaction networks mixed-species animal groups phenotypic similarity trait convergence

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Habitat selection and dispersal: individual decision rules

Habitat selection and dispersal: individual decision rules

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23rd International Ornithological Congress

作者： Charles R.Brown Scott k.robinson Dept. of Biological Sciences Univ. of Tulsa Tulsa Oklahoma 74104 USA Dept. of Animal Biology Univ. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana Illinois 61801 USA

＜正＞ Recent research has demonstrated the existence of generalized decision rules used by a variety of birds in choosing breeding habitat. These processes fall broadly into two classes: those based on how an individual itself performs during reproduction and those based on its assessment of how other individuals of the same species perform. The former includes cases in which birds base breeding dispersal and subsequent settlement decisions on the relative success of their own current or past nesting attempt. The latter includes cases in which

关键词： decision rules dispersal group living habitat selection reproductive success

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Consequences of redefining Alzheimer＇s disease in terms of amyloid burden without regard to cognitive decline

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Neural Regeneration Research 2018年第12期13卷 2098-2099页

作者： stephen R.robinson Holly M.Brothers Maya L.Gosztyla School of Health and Biomedical Sciences RMIT University Bundoora Victoria Australia Institutefor Breathing and Sleep Austin Health Heidelberg VictoriaAustralia Department of Psychology The Ohio State University ColumbusOH USA Department of Neuroscience the Ohio State UniversityColumbus OH USA

Alzheimer＇s disease（AD）redefined：For the past century,AD has been defined as a disease of progressive cognitive decline paired with a burden of amyloid-β（Aβ）plaques and pathologic tau tangles in the hippocampus and ***,a recent Framework paper jointly sponsored by the National Institute on Aging and the Alzheimer＇s Association（Jack et al.,2018）proposes new classification guidelines for AD,which,if adopted,will have profoundconsequences for the future management of AD.

关键词： AD Consequences of redefining Alzheimer’s disease in terms of amyloid burden without regard to cognitive decline

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Prevalence of transfusion transmissible infections among various donor groups:A comparative analysis

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World Journal of Virology 2025年第1期14卷 108-117页

作者： Sanjay k Thakur Anil k Sinha Santosh k Sharma Aarzoo Jahan Dinesh k Negi Ruchika Gupta Sompal Singh Regional Blood Transfusion Centre Hindu Rao Hospital and NDMC Medical CollegeNorth Delhi 110007DelhiIndia Department of Zoology Veer Kunwar Singh UniversityAra 802301BiharIndia Regional Blood Transfusion Centre and Pathology Hindu Rao Hospital and NDMC Medical CollegeNorth Delhi 110007DelhiIndia Department of Cytopathology ICMR-National Institute of Cancer Prevention and ResearchNoida 201301Uttar PradeshIndia

BACkGROUND Transfusion transmissible infections(TTIs)are illnesses spread through contaminated blood or blood *** India,screening for TTIs such as hepatitis B virus(HBV),hepatitis C virus(HCV),human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)-I/II,malaria,and syphilis is mandatory before blood ***,HCV,HBV,and HIV are the leading viruses causing mortality,affecting millions of people globally,including those with co-infections of HIV/HCV and HIV/*** highlight the impact of TTIs on life expectancy and health risks,such as liver cirrhosis,cancer,and other diseases in individuals with chronic ***,millions of blood donations take place annually,emphasizing the importance of maintaining blood *** To study the prevalence of TTIs,viz.,HBV,HCV,HIV I/II,syphilis,and malaria parasite(MP),among different blood donor *** The study assessed the prevalence of TTIs among different blood donor groups in Delhi,*** included total donors,in-house donors,total camp donors,institutional camp donors,and community camp *** for HIV,HBV,and HCV were done using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,while syphilis was tested with rapid plasma reagins and MP rapid card *** prevalence of HBV,HCV,HIV,and syphilis,expressed as *** in infection rates between the groups were analyzed usingχ²tests and P-values(less than 0.05).RESULTS The study evaluated TTIs among 42158 blood donors in *** overall cumulative frequency of TTIs in total blood donors was 2.071%,and the frequencies of HBV,HCV,HIV-I/II,venereal disease research laboratory,and MP were 1.048%,0.425%,0.221%,0.377%,and 0.0024%,***-house donors,representing 37656 donors,had the highest transfusion transmissible infection(TTI)prevalence at 2.167%.Among total camp donors(4502 donors),TTIs were identified in 1.266%of donors,while community camp donors(2439 donors)exhibited a prevalence of 1.558%.Institutional camp donors(2063 donors)had the l

关键词： Blood donors Transfusion transmissible infections Hepatitis B virus Human immunodeficiency virus Hepatitis C virus Malaria parasite Syphilis

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