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Detecting subtle yet fast skeletal muscle contractions with ultrasoft and durable graphene-based cellular materials

National Science Review 2022年第4期9卷 105-115页

作者： Zijun He Zheng Qi Huichao Liu Kangyan wang Leslie Roberts jefferson Z.Liu Yilun Liu stephen j.wang Mark j.Cook George P.Simon Ling Qiu Dan Li Department of Chemical Engineering The University of Melbourne Department of Materials Science and Engineering Monash University Department of Chemical Engineering Monash University State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures School of Aerospace EngineeringXi'an Jiaotong University Neurophysiology Department Department of Neurology and Neurological ResearchSt Vincent's Hospital Department of Medicine St.Vincent's HospitalUniversity of Melbourne Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Melbourne Department of Design Monash University School of Design The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen InstituteTsinghua University

Human bodily movements are primarily controlled by the contractions of skeletal muscles. Unlike joint or skeletal movements that are generally performed in the large displacement range, the contractions of the skeletal muscles that underpin these movements are subtle in intensity yet high in frequency. This subtlety of movement makes it a formidable challenge to develop wearable and durable so?t materials to electrically monitor such motions with high fidelity for the purpose of, for example, muscle/neuromuscular disease diagnosis. Here we report that an intrinsically fragile ultralow-density graphene-based cellular monolith sandwiched between silicone rubbers can exhibit a highly effective stress and strain transfer mechanism at its interface with the rubber, with a remarkable improvement in stretchability(>100%). In particular, this hybrid also exhibits a highly sensitive, broadband-frequency electrical response(up to 180 Hz) for a wide range of strains. By correlating the mechanical signal of muscle movements obtained from this hybrid material with electromyography, we demonstrate that the strain sensor based on this hybrid material may provide a new, so?t and wearable mechanomyography approach for real-time monitoring of complex neuromuscular–skeletal interactions in a broad range of healthcare and human–machine interface applications. This work also provides a new architecture-enabled functional so?t material platform for wearable electronics.

关键词： cellular graphene strain sensors high-frequency electromechanical property surface mechanomyography skeletal muscle activity

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Biochar-based materials as remediation strategy in petroleum hydrocarbon-contaminated soil and water:Performances,mechanisms,and environmental impact

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journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第4期138卷 350-372页

作者： Zhuo Wei YiWei Yang Liu Shuai Niu Yaxi Xu jong-Hwan Park jim j.wang Faculty of Environmental Science&Engineering Kunming University of Science&TechnologyKunming 650500China School of Plant Environment&Soil SciencesLouisiana State University AgCenter.Baton RougeLA 70803USA Department of Life Resources Industry Dong-A University37Nakdong-daero 550 beon-gilSaha-guBusan 49315South Korea

Petroleum contamination is considered as a major risk to the health of humans and *** as low-cost and eco-friendly carbon materials,have been widely used for the removal of petroleum hydrocarbon in the *** purpose of this paper is to review the performance,mechanisms,and potential environmental toxicity of biochar,modified biochar and its integration use with other materials in petroleum contaminated soil and ***,the use of biochar in oil-contaminated water and soil as well as the factors that could influence the removal ability of biochar were systematically *** addition,the modification and integrated use of biochar for improving the removal efficiency were summarized from the aspects of sorption,biodegradation,chemical degradation,and ***,the functional impacts and associated ecotoxicity of pristine and modified biochars in various environments were ***,some shortcoming of current approaches,and future research needs were provided for the future direction and challenges of modified biochar ***,this paper gain insight into biochar application in petroleum remediation from the perspectives of performance enhancement and environmental sustainability.

关键词： Petroleum contamination Adsorbent Bioremediation Biochar modification Ecotoxicity

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The interaction between temperature and precipitation on the potential distribution range of Betula ermanii in the alpine treeline ecotone on the Changbai Mountain

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第1期11卷 42-51页

作者： Yu Cong Yongfeng Gu Wen j.wang Lei wang Zhenshan Xue Yingyi Chen Yinghua jin jiawei Xu Mai-He Li Hong S.He Ming jiang Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology Chinese Academy of SciencesChangchun 130102China Key Laboratory of Geographical Processes and Ecological Security in Changbai Mountains Ministry of EducationSchool of Geographical SciencesNortheast Normal UniversityChangchun 130024China School of Natural Resources University of MissouriColumbiaMO 65211USA Swiss Federal Institute for Forest Snow and Landscape Research WSLCH-8903 BirmensdorfSwitzerland School of Life Science Hebei UniversityBaoding 071000China

Alpine treeline ecotones are highly sensitive to climate *** low temperature-determined alpine treeline is expected to shift upwards in response to global ***,little is known about how temperature interacts with other important factors to influence the distribution range of tree species within and beyond the alpine treeline ***,we used a GF-2 satellite image,along with bioclimatic and topographic variables,to develop an ensemble suitable habitat model based on the species distribution modeling algorithms in *** investigated the distribution of suitable habitats for *** under three climate change scenarios(i.e.,low(SSP126),moderate(SSP370)and extreme(SSP585)future emission trajectories)between two consecutive time periods(i.e.,current-2055,and 2055-2085).By 2055,the potential distribution range of *** will expand under all three climate *** medium and high suitable areas will decline under SSP370 and SSP585scenarios from 2055 to ***,under the three climate scenarios,the uppermost altitudes of low suitable habitat will rise to 2,329 m a.s.l.,while the altitudes of medium and high suitable habitats will fall to 2,201 and2,051 m *** 2085,*** promotes the expansion of *** distribution range in Changbai Mountain,and this expansion will be modified by precipitation as climate warming *** interaction between temperature and precipitation plays a significant role in shaping the potential distribution range of *** in the alpine treeline *** study reveals the link between environmental factors,habitat distribution,and species distribution in the alpine treeline ecotone,providing valuable insights into the impacts of climate change on high-elevation vegetation,and contributing to mountain biodiversity conservation and sustainable development.

关键词： Biomod2 Birch Climate change Climate scenarios Habitat suitability Range shift Treeline species

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基于深度学习的改进ERRIS径流预报实时校正方法研究

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水资源保护 2024年

作者：刘莉梁霄 Quan j.wang 许月萍浙江大学建筑工程学院墨尔本大学基础工程学院

为提高径流预报的精度，基于长短期记忆神经网络模型LSTM改进ERRIS（error reduction and representation in stages）统计误差模型，构建了径流预报集合实时校正模型ERRIS-LSTM。以雅鲁藏布江流域和椒江流域开展实例研究，评估该校正... 详细信息

为提高径流预报的精度，基于长短期记忆神经网络模型LSTM改进ERRIS（error reduction and representation in stages）统计误差模型，构建了径流预报集合实时校正模型ERRIS-LSTM。以雅鲁藏布江流域和椒江流域开展实例研究，评估该校正模型对预见期为1d的径流预报的实时校正效果，综合比较了该模型对整个流量序列还有高、中、低三个不同流量等级的校正水平，并从参数角度对预报结果进行深度解析。结果表明，原始ERRIS模型能够有效地校正径流预报误差，雅鲁藏布江流域奴下站整体径流的RMSE显著降低了41.5%；椒江流域沙段站低水流量预报的统计指标获得了超过40%的显著提升。但ERRIS对退水过程存在校正失效。ERRIS-LSTM能够显著改善ERRIS模型的校正不足，其中奴下站的NSE和RMSE指标得以进一步提升4.1%和67.7%，沙段站的NSE和RMSE指标亦进一步改善了1.1%和5.7%。尤其是中、低水流量等级，奴下站中水和低水的Pbias分别降低了75.5%和79.1%，降至2.6%和3.1%，沙段站低水流量的统计指标均进一步提升超过20%。ERRIS-LSTM生成的集合预报比ERRIS的预报整体精度更高，连续排序概率评分CRPS降低了75%以上，不确定性更小，且可靠性更高。LSTM的确定性校正结果在大多数情况下与ERRIS-LSTM的校正水平相当，但无法提供校正结果的不确定性信息。研究表明ERRIS-LSTM能够充分获取误差序列的时间序贯性，同时提供校正后的集合预报结果，校正精度高，在业务预报和防洪决策中具有重要的应用前景。

关键词：径流预报实时校正深度学习参数化误差模型

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Error field penetration in j-TEXT tokamak based on two-fluid drift-MHD model

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第4期33卷 545-551页

作者：王文徐涛张仪 the j-TEXT team State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Technology International Joint Research Laboratory of Magnetic Confinement Fusion and Plasma PhysicsSchool of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China

An externally generated resonant magnetic perturbation can induce complex non-ideal MHD responses in their resonant *** have studied the plasma responses using Fitzpatrick's improved two-fluid model and program *** calculated the error field penetration threshold for *** addition,we find that the island width increases slightly as the error field amplitude increases when the error field amplitude is below the critical penetration ***,the island width suddenly jumps to a large value because the shielding effect of the plasma against the error field disappears after the *** scanning the natural mode frequency,we find that the shielding effect of the plasma decreases as the natural mode frequency ***,we obtain the m/n=2/1 penetration threshold scaling on density and temperature.

关键词： plasma responses drift-MHD model error field penetration

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A REDUCED ORDER SCHWARZ METHOD FOR NONLINEAR MULTISCALE ELLIPTIC EQUATIONS BASED ON TWO-LAYER NEURAL NETWORKS

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journal of Computational Mathematics 2024年第2期42卷 570-596页

作者： Shi Chen Zhiyan Ding Qin Li stephen j.Wright Mathematics Department University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI 53706USA Department of Mathematics University of California-BerkeleyBerkeley CA 94720USA Mathematics Department and Discovery Institute University of Wisconsin-Madison MadisonWI 53706USA Computer Sciences Department University of WisconsinMadisonWI 53706USA

Neural networks are powerful tools for approximating high dimensional data that have been used in many contexts,including solution of partial differential equations(PDEs).We describe a solver for multiscale fully nonlinear elliptic equations that makes use of domain decomposition,an accelerated Schwarz framework,and two-layer neural networks to approximate the boundary-to-boundarymap for the subdomains,which is the key step in the Schwarz ***,the boundary-to-boundary map requires solution of boundary-value elliptic problems on each *** leveraging the compressibility of multiscale problems,our approach trains the neural network offline to serve as a surrogate for the usual implementation of the boundary-to-boundary *** method is applied to a multiscale semilinear elliptic equation and a multiscale p-Laplace *** both cases we demonstrate significant improvement in efficiency as well as good accuracy and generalization performance.

关键词： Nonlinear homogenization Multiscale elliptic problem Neural networks Do-main decomposition

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Deciphering a Million-Plus RSA Integer with Ultralow Local Field Coefficient h and Coupling Coefficient j of the Ising Model by D-Wave 2000Q

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2024年第3期29卷 874-882页

作者： Chao wang Qiaoyun Hu Haonan Yao Sumin wang Zhi Pei joint International Research Laboratory of Specialty Fiber Optics and Advanced Communication Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China

This work is the first to determine that a real quantum computer(including generalized and specialized)can decipher million-scale RSA relying solely on quantum algorithms,showing the real attack potential of D-Wave *** influence of different column widths on RSA factorization results is studied on the basis of a multiplication table,and the optimal column method is determined by traversal *** traversal experiment of integer factorization within 10000 shows that the local field and coupling coefficients are 75%–93%lower than the research of Shanghai University in 2020 and more than 85%lower than that of Purdue University in *** low Ising model parameters are crucial to reducing the hardware requirements,prompting factoring 1245407 on the D-Wave 2000Q real machine.D-Wave advantage already has more than 5000 qubits and will be expanded to 7000 qubits during 2023–2024,with remarkable improvements in decoherence and *** machine is expected to promote the solution of large-scale combinatorial optimization *** of the contributions of this paper is the discussion of the long-term impact of D-Wave on the development of post-quantum cryptography standards.

关键词： quantum annealing RSA D-Wave 2000Q post-quantum cryptography

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Kinetics of glyphosate and aminomethylphosphonic acid sorption onto montmorillonite clays in soil and their translocation to genetically modified corn

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journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 669-680页

作者： Meichen wang Kelly j Rivenbark Timothy D Phillips Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical SciencesTexas A&M UniversityTX 77845USA

The co-occurrence of glyphosate(GLP)and aminomethylphosphonic acid(AMPA)in contaminated water,soil,sediment and plants is a cause for concern due to potential threats to the ecosystem and human health.A major route of exposure is through contact with contaminated soil and consumption of crops containing GLP and AMPA ***,clay-based sorption strategies for mixtures of GLP and AMPA in soil,plants and garden produce have been very *** this study,in vitro soil and in vivo genetically modified corn models were used to establish the proof of concept that the inclusion of clay sorbents in contaminated soils will reduce the bioavailability of GLP and AMPA in soils and their adverse effects on plant *** of chemical concentration(1–10 mg/kg),sorbent dose(0.5%-3%in soil and 0.5%-1%in plants)and duration(up to 28 days)on sorption kinetics were *** time course results showed a continuous GLP degradation to *** inclusion of calcium montmorillonite(CM)and acid processed montmorillonite(APM)clays at all doses significantly and consistently reduced the bioavailability of both chemicals from soils to plant roots and leaves in a dose-and time-dependent manner without detectable *** treated with 0.5%and 1%APM inclusion showed the highest growth rate(p≤0.05)and lowest chemical bioavailability with up to 76%reduction in roots and57%reduction in *** indicated that montmorillonite clays could be added as soil supplements to reduce hazardous mixtures of GLP and AMPA in soils and plants.

关键词： Glyphosate AMPA Adsorption Soil remediation Plant Hydroponic system

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Encroachment drives facilitation at alpine shrublines

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第1期11卷 62-72页

作者： Yafeng wang Eryuan Liang j.julio Camarero College of Ecology and Environment Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing210037China State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System Environment and Resources(TPESER)Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología(IPE-CSIC) Zaragoza50080Spain

Ongoing encroachment is driving recent alpine shrubline dynamics globally,but the role of shrub-shrub interactions in shaping shrublines and their relationships with stem density changes remain poorly ***,the size and age of shrubs from 26 Salix shrubline populations along a 900-km latitudinal gradient(30°-38°N)were measured and mapped across the eastern Tibetan *** pattern analyses were used to quantify the spatial distribution patterns of juveniles and adults,and to assess spatial associations between *** intensity of univariate and bivariate spatial patterns was related to biotic and abiotic *** mark correlation functions with a quantitative mark(shrub height,basal stem diameter,crown width)were also employed to investigate the spatial relationships between shrub traits of juveniles and *** equation models were used to explore the relationships among conspecific interactions,patterns,shrub traits and recruitment dynamics under climate *** shrublines showed clustered patterns,suggesting the existence of conspecific *** patterns of juveniles and conspecific interactions(potentially facilitation)tended to intensify with increasing soil moisture *** warming before 2010 triggered positive effects on population interactions and spatial patterns via increased shrub ***,summer warming after2010 triggered negative effects on interactions through reduced shrub ***,shrub recruitment shifts under rapid climate change could impact spatial patterns,alter conspecific interactions and modify the direction and degree of shrublines responses to *** changes would have profound implications for the stability of alpine woody ecosystems.

关键词： Alpine shrubline Positive interactions Facilitation Spatial clustering Point pattern analyses

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A Sharding Scheme Based on Graph Partitioning Algorithm for Public Blockchain

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第6期139卷 3311-3327页

作者： Shujiang Xu Ziye wang Lianhai wang Miodrag j.Mihaljevi′c Shuhui Zhang Wei Shao Qizheng wang Key Laboratory of Computing Power Network and Information Security Ministry of EducationShandong Computer Science CenterQilu University of Technology(Shandong Academy of Sciences)Jinan250014China Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Computer Networks Shandong Fundamental Research Center for Computer ScienceJinan250014China Mathematical Institute The Serbian Academy of Sciences and ArtsBelgrade11000Serbia

Blockchain technology,with its attributes of decentralization,immutability,and traceability,has emerged as a powerful catalyst for enhancing traditional industries in terms of optimizing business ***,transaction performance and scalability has become the main challenges hindering the widespread adoption of *** to its inability to meet the demands of high-frequency trading,blockchain cannot be adopted in many *** improve the transaction capacity,researchers have proposed some on-chain scaling technologies,including lightning networks,directed acyclic graph technology,state channels,and shardingmechanisms,inwhich sharding emerges as a potential scaling ***,excessive cross-shard transactions and uneven shard workloads prevent the sharding mechanism from achieving the expected *** paper proposes a graphbased sharding scheme for public blockchain to efficiently balance the transaction *** crossshard transactions and evening-out workloads among shards,the scheme reduces transaction confirmation latency and enhances the transaction capacity of the ***,the scheme can achieve a high-frequency transaction as well as a better blockchain *** results show that the scheme effectively reduces the cross-shard transaction ratio to a range of 35%-56%and significantly decreases the transaction confirmation latency to 6 s in a blockchain with no more than 25 shards.

关键词： Blockchain sharding graph partitioning algorithm

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