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Effects of Papyrus Plants (Cyperus papyrus) on the Physicochemical Parameters and Nutrient Levels of Water and Sediments in Yala Swamp Wetland in Western Kenya

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Journal of Biophysical Chemistry 2024年第1期15卷 1-23页

作者： Violet Achieng Orodo Paul Otieno Abuom Emmanuel Amukohe Shikanga Elly Tetty Osewe Douglas Nyambane Anyona Fredrick Mhina Mngube stephen adongo odongo Department of Environmental Studies Maseno University Kisumu Kenya Department of Chemistry Maseno University Kisumu Kenya Department of Physical and Biological Sciences Murang’a University of Technology Murang’a Kenya Wetlands International Dar es Salaam Tanzania Department of Physical Sciences Jaramogi Oginga Odinga University of Science and Technology Bondo Kenya

Yala swamp wetland is the largest fresh water wetland ecosystem in Kenya supporting a broad biodiversity. It comprises of River Yala, the Yala swamp, Lakes Kanyaboli, Namboyo and Sare, and a portion of Lake Victoria neighboring the swamp. Approximately 2300 ha of land have been reclaimed and has been used for large-scale agriculture resulting in mass destruction of papyrus to create room for framing. Papyrus are known to be important in phytoremediation but despite this role information is limited, lacks supportive evidence and the empirical aspect on the levels of these pollutants in relation to the papyrus biomass is limited. The study is aimed at determining the effects of Cyperus papyrus on the water and sediment quality in Yala Swamp wetland. Six sampling sites were purposefully selected to monitor the variations of the physicochemical parameters (temperature, dissolved oxygen: DO, pH, biological oxygen demand: BOD, total suspended solids: TSS, turbidity, electrical conductivity: EC and total dissolved solids: TSS) and the levels selected nutrients (phosphorus and nitrates) in water and sediments as River Yala flows through Dominion Farms, Lake Sare which surrounded by Cyperus papyrus and finally into Lake Victoria. The samples were collected in triplicates during the wet and dry seasons (May and September 2015 respectively). The physicochemical parameters were measured in situ using a Hydrolab muiltimeter while the nutrients were analyzed using UV/Vis spectroscopy. Statistical analysis was done using SAS V9.0 software. The mean temperature was 26.19˚C ± 0.71˚C, DO: 3.72 ± 1.02 Mg/l, BOD: 3.9 ± 0.32 Mg/l, pH: 7.52 ± 0.17, TDS: 109 ± 86.33, EC: 173.26 ± 13.8 μS/cm, TSS: 12.42 ± 18.51 Mg/l and Turbidity: 12.29 ± 10.03 NTU. The values varied significantly at P 0.05 among all the sites. The results show that papyrus is useful in maintaining the required levels of physicochemical parameters. The study will assist in conservation of the papyrus to help phytoremediate

关键词： Adsorbing Contaminants Phytoremediation Conservation Cyperus papyrus

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Spatial analysis of synergies and trade-offs between the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in Africa

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Geography and Sustainability 2022年第3期3卷 220-231页

作者： Adams Osman Emmanuel Abeashi Mensah Collins Adjei Mensah Yaw Asamoah Suleman Dauda Kofi Adu-Boahen Charles Atanga adongo Department of Geography Education Faculty of Social Sciences EducationUniversity of EducationWinnebaP.O.Box 25WinnebaGhana Department of Geography and Regional Planning Faculty of Social SciencesUniversity of Cape CoastPrivate Mail BagCape CoastGhana Department of Tourism and Hospitality Management Faculty of Social SciencesUniversity of Cape CoastPrivate Mail BagCape CoastGhana Schools of Tourism and Hospitality University of JohannesburgP.O.Box 524Auckland Park 2006South Africa Emperiks Research Limited Cape Coast Stadium AvenueCape CoastGhana

Challenges faced by African countries in achieving the goals of sustainable development are similar and trans-boundary. Previous analysis of Africa’s progress on the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) has largely beennon-spatial, reducing the ability to find spatial relationships between countries and SDGs to help cooperationand proffer country-specific interventions. This study adopted techniques of exploratory and inferential spatialstatistics to assess the successes of African countries from 2016 to 2020 in achieving the goals of sustainable de-velopment. Also, the study sought to understand how the spatial synergies and trade-offs between SDGs vary percountry and time. The results revealed that spatial hotspots of countries with high SDGs scores were mostly con-fined to northern African countries with significant coldspots within central and eastern Africa and few patchesin western and southern Africa for 2016. In 2020, the number of countries forming hotspots reduced, with Cen-tral African countries as significant cold spots. Five main spatial relationships: positive linear, negative linear,concave, convex and undefined complex, were found among countries and the SDGs. However, these spatialrelationships were fluid as they changed over time and with different levels of influence from 2016 to *** study concludes that generic solutions and policies by development agencies, governments, developmentfinance instiutions and other impact investors will not be enough in achieving the SDGs because of the spatialheterogeneity of the continent. Tailored and country-specific policies based on results of spatial statistics matter.

关键词： Africa Development Sustainable development Spatial analysis Hotspots Random forest

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由结构引力模型获得的多边阻力项的自助法置信区间的绩效评估 ——一个蒙特卡洛模拟研究

由结构引力模型获得的多边阻力项的自助法置信区间的绩效评估 ...

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作者： adongo,Felix Atanga 厦门大学

学位级别：硕士

结构引力模式提供了一种易于处理的方法来估计贸易政策在一般均衡框架中对国际贸易的影响。Anderson和Yotov（2016）最早提出了结构引力的条件的一般均衡效应,我们评估了基于枢轴量的自助法置信区间在该例中的表现。使用从WTO和CEPⅡ网... 详细信息

结构引力模式提供了一种易于处理的方法来估计贸易政策在一般均衡框架中对国际贸易的影响。Anderson和Yotov（2016）最早提出了结构引力的条件的一般均衡效应,我们评估了基于枢轴量的自助法置信区间在该例中的表现。使用从WTO和CEPⅡ网站获得的真实数据以及与结构引力模型一致的蒙特卡洛模拟出的贸易流量,我们通过定义一个所有国家废除了自由贸易的反事实情景来使用泊松伪最大似然（PPML）进行一般均衡引力分析。我们在样本中构建了每一个国家的多边阻力（MR）条款的百分比变化,并使用实际贸易流量获得了效果的真实值。通过蒙特卡洛模拟的贸易流量,我们按照Anderson和Yotov（2016）的建议程序构建多边阻力项的基于枢轴量的95%自助法置信区间。我们重复计算了 1000次该自助算法,并评估了所述区间的经验覆盖概率是否接近其预设覆盖概率。对于两个指数的基于枢轴量的95%置信区间,我们的结果都显示出100%的经验覆盖概率。

关键词：结构引力模式自助法置信区间一般均衡效应多边阻力

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Seasonal Variation in Physicochemical Properties of Groundwater, a Case Study of Kamiti-Marengeta Subcatchment Kiambu, Kenya

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2022年第2期14卷 72-85页

作者： Miriam Judith adongo Mary Kalibala Makokha Joy Apiyo Obando Jacob Odhiambo Ochieng Department of Geography Kenyatta University Nairobi Kenya Department of Environmental Science Kenyatta University Nairobi Kenya

The seasonal variation and quality status of groundwater systems of Kamiti-Marengeta sub-catchment were evaluated through analysis of boreholes and 17 shallow wells water samples in May 2016 and September 2017. Consequently, the results were compared against the Kenya Bureau of Standards (KEBS) and World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines for drinking water purposes, and its suitability for drinking was established. The results showed that turbidity, calcium, potassium, iron, and fluoride levels in some of the boreholes and pH, calcium, sodium, and iron levels in some shallow wells exceeded the KEBS and WHO standards for drinking water quality. Turbidity, dissolved oxygen, and total hardness significantly varied across the regions of the study, and one-way ANOVA (P < 0.05) indicated a significant difference in the mean concentration of electrical conductivity, turbidity, total hardness, calcium, and iron in boreholes and in all parameters in shallow wells except for magnesium during the two seasons. The findings of this study provide baseline information on the quality of the groundwater systems of the area. It also contributes to knowledge on seasonal variation of groundwater quality of volcanic aquifers like the Nairobi Aquifer System (NAS) which is important for water quality monitoring.

关键词： Groundwater Water Quality Seasonal Variation

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Anxiolytic-like effects of Pseudospondias microcarpa hydroethanolic leaf extract in zebrafish:Possible involvement of GABAergic and serotonergic pathways

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Natural Products and Bioprospecting 2023年第1期13卷 400-412页

作者： Donatus Wewura adongo Charles Kwaku Benneh Augustine Tandoh Robert Peter Biney Kennedy Kwami Edem Kukuia Priscilla Kolibea Mante Benjamin Kingsley Harley David Oteng Emmanuel Aduboffour Appiah Ernest Cudjoe Anorbor Eric Woode Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology School of PharmacyUniversity of Health and Allied SciencesHoGhana Department of Pharmacotherapeutics and Pharmacy Practice School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of Cape CoastCape CoastGhana Department of Medical Pharmacology University of Ghana Medical SchoolCollege of Health SciencesUniversity of GhanaKorle BuAccraGhana Department of Pharmacology Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical SciencesCollege of Health SciencesKwame Nkrumah University of Science and TechnologyKumasiGhana Department of Pharmacognosy and Herbal Medicine School of PharmacyUniversity of Health and Allied SciencesHoGhana

Pseudospondias microcarpa is used in ethnomedicine to manage central nervous system *** hydroethanolic extract(PME)from the leaves of the plant has shown anxiolytic-like properties in mice anxiety ***,its effects in chronic anxiety models and possible mechanism(s)of action were not ***,the current study evaluated the anxiolytic-like mechanisms of PME in zebrafish models of *** zebrafish light dark test(LDT)and novel tank test(NTT)were employed to assess the anxiolytic-like effects of PME(0.1,0.3,1.0 mg mL^(−1)),fluox-etine(3×10^(−5)mg mL^(−1))and diazepam(1.5×10^(−7)mg mL^(−1)).The chronic unpredictable stress(CUS)test was used to further evaluate the extract’s anxiolytic-like *** potential mechanisms of anxiolytic action of the extract was evaluated after pre-treated with flumazenil,granisetron,methysergide,or pizotifen,all at 1×10^(−3)mg mL^(−1).The extract significantly decreased anxiety behaviours in the NT and LD *** observed effects of the extract were however counteracted by flumazenil,granisetron,methysergide and pizotifen *** addition,PME treatment significantly reversed CUS-induced anxiety behaviours in *** show that PME possesses anxiolytic-like effects possibly through interaction with serotonergic and gamma-aminobutyric acid mediated pathways.

关键词： Anxiety disorders Pseudospondias microcarpa Zebrafish Novel tank Benzodiazepines

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