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Evaluation of acoustic radiation force impulse imaging for determination of liver stiffness using transient elastography as a reference

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第10期18卷 1077-1084页

作者： Gerald Kircheis Abdurrahman Sagir Christoph Vogt stephan vom Dahl Ralf Kubitz Dieter Hussinger Department of Gastroenterology Hepatology and Infectious Diseases Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf Moorenstrasse 5 Düsseldorf 40225 Germany Christoph Vogt St. Josef Hospital Moers Asberger Str. 4 Moers 47441 Germany St. Franziskus Hospital Schnsteinstraβe 63 Kln 50825 Germany

AIM: To evaluate cut-off values and performance of acoustic radiation force impulse imaging (ARFI) using transient elastography [FibroScan■ (FS)] as a reference. METHODS: Six hundred and six patients were enrolled in this *** patients underwent liver stiffness measurement with FS (FS-LS) and ARFI (with shear wave velocity quantification; ARFI-SWV) and the performance of ARFI in comparison to FS was determined. Sixtyeight patients underwent liver biopsy. RESULTS: Significantly higher success rates for the determination of liver stiffness were found using ARFI as compared to FS [604/606 (99.7%) vs 482/606 (79.5%); P 13.0 kPa)). ARFI-SWV cut-off values were identified for no significant fibrosis (1.29 m/s; sensitivity 91.4% and specificity 92.6%) and for liver cirrhosis (1.60 m/s; sensitivity 92.3% and specificity 96.5%). The optimal cut-off value for predicting liver fibrosis (F ≥ 2) was 1.32 m/s (sensitivity 87.0% and specificity 80.0%) and for liver cirrhosis (F4) 1.62 m/s (sensitivity 100% and specificity 85.7%), for patients who underwent liver biopsy. An excellent inter-and intraobserver reproducibility was observed for ARFI-SWV determinations. CONCLUSION: An ARFI-SWV cut-off value of 1.29 m/s seems to be optimal for patients with no significant liver fibrosis and 1.60 m/s for patients with liver cirrhosis.

关键词： Acoustic radiation force impulse imaging Elastography Fibroscan Liver

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Effects of Various Light-Emitting Diode(LED)Wavelengths on the Growth of Scenedesmus Obliquus Fachb-12 and Accumulation of Astaxanthin

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2019年第3期88卷 335-348页

作者： Huabing Xu Xiaojuan Liu Zhiping Mei Jinchun Lin stephan Aaron Hong Du Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology and STU-UNIVPM Joint Algal Research Center College of SciencesShantou UniversityShantou515063China ONCE Inc.1525523rd Ave N Plymouth MN 55447USA

Given the central role of light in the algal photosynthesis,respiration,cell division,growth and the accumulation of value products,the effects of light-emitting diodes(LEDs)light wavelengths(blue,white,red and green)were studied in Scenedesmus ***,residual nutrient amount,soluble protein,astaxanthin and reactive oxygen species,superoxide dismutase(SOD),catalase(CAT)and peroxidase(POD)activity were analyzed to determine the effects of different monochromatic light wavelengths via biochemical *** results showed that blue light wavelength is the optimal light wavelength for phosphorus removal efficiency and the accumulation of biomass and astaxanthin in ***,high reactive oxygen species content under the blue light might induce the accumulation of *** high activity of SOD,CAT and POD might participate in clearing the reactive oxygen species to facilitate the growth of ***,we found mixed blue/green lights treatment is the most appropriate mixture for the nitrogen *** the blue light treatment,high light intensity and 18L:6D light cycle is the best condition for biomass and astaxanthin *** nitrogen/phosphorus removal efficiency was observed under a 24L:0D light *** results might provide a foundational data for the optimizing the productivity of high-value metabolites and treatment of wastewater.

关键词： Light-emitting diodes wavelength cell density nutrient removal efficiency astaxanthin

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Growing-season soil microbial respiration response to long-term no tillage and spring ridge tillage

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2020年第4期13卷 143-150页

作者： Gang Wang Honglei Jia Jian Zhuang stephan Glatzel John McLBennett Yingcan Zhu College of Biological and Agricultural Engineering Jilin UniversityChangchun 130022China Department of Geography and Regional Research University of ViennaAlthanstraβe 14Vienna 1090Austria Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering Ministry of EducationJilin UniversityChangchun 130022China Centre for Sustainable Agricultural Systems University of Southern QueenslandToowoombaQueensland 4350Australia

No tillage(NT)and spring ridge tillage(SRT)are two common applications of conservation *** conservation tillage is known to exert major control over soil microbial respiration(SMR),the growing-season SMR response to these two applications remains *** order to better understand the influence of conservation tillage practices,this experiment was conducted in an experimental field using NT and SRT for 17 *** situ measurements of SMR,soil temperature and soil water content(SWC)were *** samples were collected to analyze soil porosity,soil microbial biomass(SMB)and soil enzymatic *** show that the two conservation tillage systems had a significant difference(p0.05).Despite SRT increasing the proportion of micro-porosities and meso-porosities,the soil macro-porosities for NT were 7.37%higher than that of SRT,which resulted in higher bacteria and fungi in *** to SRT damaged the hypha,which had disadvantage in soil microbe ***,less soil disturbance was a unique advantage in NT,which was in favor of improving soil macro-pores and *** analyses(RDA)showed SMR was positively correlated with soil macro-pores,SMB and ***,the Pearson correlation test indicated that SMB and soil enzymatic activities did not have a significant correlation(p>0.05).This study results suggest that SRT is more conducive to carbon sequestration compared with NT in cropland.

关键词： no tillage spring ridge tillage soil microbial respiration microbial biomass soil porosity soil enzymatic activity

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Declaring income versus declaring taxes in tax compliance experiments:Does the design of laboratory experiments affect the results?

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Economic and Political Studies 2023年第3期11卷 334-349页

作者： stephan Muehlbacher Andre Hartmann Erich Kirchler James Alm Department of Psychology and Psychodynamics Karl Landsteiner University of Health SciencesKremsAustria Department of Occupational Economic and Social PsychologyUniversity of ViennaViennaAustria Institute for Advanced Studies ViennaAustria Department of Economics Tulane UniversityNew OrleansLAUSA

Laboratory experiments are frequently criticised,in part because of the sensitivity of the results to specific features of the *** paper addresses an important question regarding the key aspect of the experimental environment:How should the dependent variable–participants’choices–be operationalised?For the specific context of laboratory research on income tax compliance,we compare the effects of the two most common operationalisation types:the declaration of gross income versus the declaration of tax *** is found that compliance is higher when participants indicate their tax payment than when they declare their *** is also discovered that the effects of the three policy parameters of the economic model(the tax rate,audit probability and fine rate)are stronger when participants declare their taxes than when they declare their *** results are relevant for interpreting prior and future experimental evidence on tax compliance and can explain some contradictory previous *** broadly,this study suggests that the results of laboratory experiments may depend on specific features of the experimental design,which proposes a strong need for more systematic methodological research.

关键词： Laboratory experiments experimental design tax compliance tax rate audit probability fine rate

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Impacts of increasing maize stalk retention amount on soil respiration and temperature sensitivity

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2022年第2期15卷 135-141页

作者： Hongfang Yuan Gang Wang Dongyan Huang stephan Glatzel Jian Zhuang Honglei Jia College of Biological and Agricultural Engineering Jilin UniversityChangchun 130022China Department of Geography and Regional Research University of ViennaVienna 1090Austria Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering Ministry of EducationJilin UniversityChangchun 130022China

Conservation tillage with maize stalk retention is an effective method to replenish soil *** availability plays a major role in the control of soil respiration(SR).However,it is not known how different degrees of maize stalk retention control SR and its temperature sensitivity(Q_(10)).To investigate the effect of maize stalk retention amount on SR and Q_(10),four maize(Zea mays L.)stalk retention treatments,including(i)control treatment(CT)without maize stalk retention,(ii)standing maize stalk retention(SCR),(iii)partial maize stalk retention with‘three-year cycle’(TYR)and(iv)chopped maize stalk retention(CCR)was set *** order to investigate the differences in soil nutrient,soil organic carbon(SOC)quality and soil microbial biomass among four treatments,soil analysis with 6 replicates was *** experimental results showed that SR rates were 1.07,0.88,0.59 and 0.37 g/kg of dry soil,and the average Q_(10)was 1.535,1.585,1.62 and 1.725 for CT,SCR,TYR and CCR,*** maize stalk retention led to the reduction of soil microbial abundance and labile carbon *** correlation analysis showed that soil microbial abundance had a positive correlation with SR,while labile carbon fraction had a negative correlation with Q_(10).In short,increasing the amount of maize stalk retention decreases SR while increasing Q_(10)in northeast *** research could provide a reference value for balancing carbon sequestration and carbon decomposition in farming practice.

关键词： stalk management soil nutrient carbon composition microbial biomass laboratory incubation

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Lightweight in Automotive Components by Forming Technology

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Automotive Innovation 2020年第3期3卷 195-209页

作者： stephan Rosenthal Fabian Maaß Mike Kamaliev Marlon Hahn Soeren Gies A.Erman Tekkaya Institute of Forming Technology and Lightweight Components(IUL) TU Dortmund University44227 DortmundGermany

Lightweight design is one of the current key drivers to reduce the energy consumption of *** methodologies for lightweight components,strategies utilizing materials with favorable specific properties and hybrid materials are used to increase the performance of parts for automotive *** this paper,various forming processes to produce light parts are *** lightweight design is discussed,covering the manufacturing processes to produce hybrid components like fiber-metal,polymer-metal and metal-metal composites,which can be used in subsequent deep drawing or combined forming *** to increasing the specific strength and stiffness with thermomechanical forming processes as well as the in situ control of the microstructure of such components are *** lightweight design discusses possibilities to plastically form high-strength or high-performance materials like magnesium or titanium in sheet,profile and tube forming *** join those materials and/or dissimilar materials,new joining by forming technologies are *** economically produce lightweight parts with gears or functional elements,incremental sheet-bulk metal forming is *** an important part property,the damage evolution during the forming operations will be discussed to enable even lighter parts through a more reliable *** methods for predicting and tailoring the mechanical properties like strength and residual stresses will be *** possibilities of system lightweight design with forming technologies are presented.A combination of additive manufacturing and forming to produce highly complex parts with integrated functions will be *** integration of functions by a hot extrusion process for the manufacturing of shape memory alloys is *** in-depth understanding of the newly developed processes,methodologies and effects allows for a more accurate dimen-sioning of *** facilitates a reduction in th

关键词： Forming technology Lightweight design Energy efficiency Manufacturing processes

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Characteristics of Nd：GdVO4 Laser with Different Nd-Doping Concentrations

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Chinese Physics Letters 2006年第8期23卷 2088-2091页

作者：张玲张春雨魏志义张治国 stephan Strohmaier Hans J. Eichle Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100080 Optical Institute Technical University Berlin Strasse de 17 Juni 135 D-10623 Berlin Germany

We report the properties of a compact diode-pumped continuous-wave Nd：GdV04 laser with a linear cavity and different Nd-doped laser crystals. In a 0.2at.% Nd-doped Nd：GdVO4 laser, 1.54 W output laser power is achieved at 912nm wavelength with a slope efficiency of 24.8% at an absorbed pump power of 9.4W. With 0.3at.% Nd-doping concentration, we can obtain the either single-wavelength emission at 1064nm or 912nm or the dual-wavelength emission at 1064nm and 912nm by controlling the incident pump power. From an incident pump power of 11.6 W, the 1064nm emission between ^4Fa/2 and ^4I11/2 is suppressed completely by the 912nm emission between ^4Fa/2 and ^4I9/2. We obtain 670 mW output of the 912nm single-wavelength laser emission with a slope efficiency of 5.5% by taking an incident pump power of 18.4 W. Using a Nd：GdV04 laser with 0.4at.% Nd-doping concentration, we obtain either the single-wavelength emission at 1064nm or the dual-wavelength emission at both 1064nm and 912nm by increasing the incident pump power. We observe a strong competition process in the dualavelength laser.

关键词： Nd:GdVO4 Laser Different Nd-Doping Concentrations

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Highly defective graphene： A key prototype of two- dimensional Anderson insulators

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Nano Research 2013年第5期6卷 326-334页

作者： Aurelien Lherbier stephan Roche Oscar A. Restrepo Yann-Michel Niquet Arnaud Delcorte Jean-Christophe Charlier Universite catholique de Louvain (UCL) Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanoscience (IMCN) NAPS-ETSF Chemin des ~toiles 8 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve Belgium CIN2 (ICN-CSIC) and Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona Catalan Institute of Nanotechnology Campus UAB 08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona) Spain ICREA Institucio Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avancats 08070 Barcelona Spain Universite catholique de Louvain (UCL) Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanoscience (IMCN) BSMA Place Croix du Sud 1 (Boltzmann) 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve Belgium L_Sim SP2M UMR-E CEA/UJF-Grenoble 1 INAC 17 rue des Martyrs 38054 Grenoble Cedex 9 France

Electronic structure and transport properties of highly defective two-dimensional （2D） sp2 graphene are investigated theoretically. Classical molecular dynamics are used to generate large graphene planes containing a considerable amount of defects. Then, a tight-binding Hamiltonian validated by ab initio calculations is constructed in order to compute quantum transport within a real-space order-N Kubo-Greenwood approach. In contrast to pristine graphene, the highly defective sp2 carbon sheets exhibit a high density of states at the charge neutrality point raising challenging questions concerning the electronic transport of associated charge carriers. The analysis of the electronic wavepacket dynamics actually reveals extremely strong multiple scattering effects giving rise to mean free paths as low as 1 nm and localization phenomena. Consequently, highly defective graphene is envisioned as a remarkable prototype of 2D Anderson insulating materials.

关键词： graphene electronic transport Anderson insulators localization

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Development of a mechanism-based pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic model to characterize the thermoregulatory effects of serotonergic drugs in mice

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2016年第5期6卷 492-503页

作者： Xi-Ling Jiang Hong-Wu Shen Donald E.Mager stephan Schmidt Ai-Ming Yu Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity at BuffaloThe State University of New York Department of Pharmaceutics Center for Pharmacometrics and Systems PharmacologyUniversity of Florida Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine UC Davis School of Medicine2700 Stockton Boulevard

We have shown recently that concurrent harmaline,a monoamine oxidase-A inhibitor(MAOI),potentiates serotonin(5-HT) receptor agonist 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine(5-Me O-DMT)-induced *** objective of this study was to develop an integrated pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic(PK/PD) model to characterize and predict the thermoregulatory effects of such serotonergic drugs in *** thermoregulation was described by a mechanism-based indirect-response model with adaptive feedback ***-induced hypothermia and 5-Me O-DMT–elicited hyperthermia were attributable to the loss of heat through the activation of 5-HT1 Areceptor and thermogenesis via the stimulation of 5-HT2 Areceptor,*** serotonergic 5-Me O-DMT–induced hyperthermia was readily distinguished from handling/injection stress-provoked hyperthermic *** PK/PD model was able to simultaneously describe all experimental data including the impact of drug-metabolizing enzyme status on5-Me O-DMT and harmaline PK properties,and drug- and stress-induced simple hypo/hyperthermic and complex biphasic ***,the modeling results revealed a 4-fold decrease of apparent SC_(50) value(1.88–0.496 mmol/L) for 5-Me O-DMT when harmaline was co-administered,providing a quantitative assessment for the impact of concurrent MAOI harmaline on 5-Me ODMT–induced *** addition,the hyperpyrexia caused by toxic dose combinations of harmaline and 5-Me O-DMT were linked to the increased systemic exposure to harmaline rather than5-Me O-DMT,although the body temperature profiles were mispredicted by the *** results indicate that current PK/PD model may be used as a new conceptual framework to define the impact of serotonergic agents and stress factors on thermoregulation.

关键词： PK/PD model Thermoregulation Indolealkylamine Serotonin Monoamine oxidase-A inhibitor Stress

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Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells migrate to healthy and damaged salivary glands following stem cell infusion

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International Journal of Oral Science 2014年第3期6卷 154-161页

作者： Silke Schwarz Ralf Huss Michaela Schulz-Siegmund Breda Vogel Sven Brandau stephan Lang Nicole Rotter Department of Otorhinolaryngology Ulm University Medical Center Apceth Munich Germany Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology University of Leipzig Department of Otorhinolaryngology University of Duisburg–Essen

Xerostomia is a severe side effect of radiation therapy in head and neck cancer patients. To date, no satisfactory treatment option has been established. Because mesenchymal stem cells（MSCs） have been identified as a potential treatment modality, we aimed to evaluate stem cell distribution following intravenous and intraglandular injections using a surgical model of salivary gland damage and to analyse the effects of MSC injections on the recruitment of immune cells. The submandibular gland ducts of rats were surgically ligated. Syngeneic adult MSCs were isolated, immortalised by simian virus 40（SV40） large T antigen and characterized by flow cytometry. MSCs were injected intravenously and intraglandularly. After 1, 3 and 7 days, the organs of interest were analysed for stem cell recruitment. Inflammation was analysed by immunohistochemical staining. We were able to demonstrate that, after intravenous injection, MSCs were recruited to normal and damaged submandibular glands on days 1, 3 and 7. Unexpectedly, stem cells were recruited to ligated and non-ligated glands in a comparable manner. After intraglandular injection of MSCs into ligated glands, the presence of MSCs, leucocytes and macrophages was enhanced, compared to intravenous injection of stem cells. Our data suggest that injected MSCs were retained within the inflamed glands, could become activated and subsequently recruited leucocytes to the sites of tissue damage.

关键词： duct ligation mesenchymal stem cells submandibular gland injury xerostomia

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