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River restoration challenges with a specific view on hydromorphology

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2020年第5期14卷 1033-1038页

作者： Jianhua LI stephan HOERBINGER Clemens WEISSTEINER Lingmin PENG Hans Peter RAUCH Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment Tongji UniversityShanghai 100029China Institute of Soil Bioengineering and Landscape Construction University of Natural Resources and Life SciencesViennaAustria GeoVerde OG Landscape EngineersViennaAustria

1 Introduction 1.1 River ecosystem degradation Over the past century,almost throughout the whole world,streams and rivers have been heavily polluted and morphologically degraded due to industrial,household and agricultural sources,leading to significant declines in biodiversity,water quality and ultimately water supply[1-5].In the last decades,river system design has been practiced from an engineering viewpoint that focuses on water abstraction,sanitation,generation of energy,transportation and safety,rather than from a socio-ecological *** technical management altered the understanding of a functioning river system itself and its social context.

关键词： river restoration transportation

Preservation Planning in the OAIS Model

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现代图书情报技术 2008年第1期 61-68页

作者： stephan STRODL ANDREAS RAUBER Institute of Software Technology and Interactive Systems Vienna University of Technology Austria

The OAIS model has gained widespread acceptance as the fundamental design reference model for an archival system by the digital library community. One of its core entities is Preservation Planning, for which central functional entities are given yet without every detail breaking down into activities requirements. The Planets Preservation Planning approach addresses this by providing a way to make informed and accountable decisions on which preservation strategy to implement in order to most suitably preserve digital objects for a given preservation context. It allows the explicit definition of requirements and goals and offers a systematic way to evaluate preservation strategies. This paper shows the implementation of the Develop Preservation Strategies and Standards function of the OAIS model through the Planets Preservation Planning approach. Moreover, the paper examines the information flows within the OAIS Preservation Planning entity and with other functional entities with respect to the Planets model.

关键词： OAIS模型数字资源长期保存保存计划保存策略图书馆

Update on autoimmune hepatitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第9期15卷 1035-1041页

作者： Andreas Teufel Peter R Galle stephan Kanzler stephan Kanzler Department of Medicine Johannes Gutenberg University Depatment of Medicine Leopoldina Hospital

Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a necroinflammatory liver disease of unknown etiology that occurs in children and adults of all ages. Characteristics are its autoimmune features,hyperglobulinemia (IgG),and the presence of circulating autoantibodies,as well as a response to immunosuppressant drugs. Current treatment consists of prednisone and azathioprine and in most patients this disease has become very treatable. Over the past 2 years,a couple of new insights into the genetic aspects,clinical course and treatment of AIH have been reported,which will be the focus of this review. In particular,we concentrate on genome-wide microsatellite analysis,a novel mouse model of AIH,the evaluation of a large AIH cohort for overlap syndromes,suggested novel criteria for the diagnosis of AIH,and the latest studies on treatment of AIH with budenoside and mycophenolate mofetil.

关键词： Autoimmune hepatitis Autoimmune liver disease Budesonide Genetics Mycophenolate mofetil Overlap syndromes

A user perspective on future cloud-based services for Big Earth data

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2021年第12期14卷 1758-1774页

作者： Julia Wagemann stephan Siemen Bernhard Seeger Jörg Bendix Laboratory of Climatology and Remote Sensing(LCRS) Faculty of GeographyUniversity of Marburg Forecast Department European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts(ECMWF) Department of Mathematics and Computer Science University of Marburg

Cloud-based services introduce a paradigm shift in how users access,process and analyse Big Earth data.A key challenge is to align the current state of how users access,process and analyse the data with trends and roadmaps large data organisations *** addition,due to the increased availability of open data,a more diverse user base wants to take advantage of Earth science data leading to new user *** run a web-based survey among Big Earth data users to better understand the motivation to migrate to cloud-based services as well as the challenges and opportunities that might *** show an overall interest in moving to cloud-based services but air an insufficient literacy in cloud systems and a lack of trust due to security concerns and opacity of emerging *** gaps demand efforts on three ***,cloud services shall be targeted at intermediate users instead of policy-and decision-makers and over-engineered systems with a high level of abstraction should be ***,more substantial capacity-building efforts are required to decrease the existing gap in cloud skills and ***,a cloud certification mechanism could help in building up overall trust in cloud-based services.

关键词： User requirements cloudbased services Big Earth data open data

Short-Term Response of Soil Respiration to Addition of Chars:Impact of Fermentation Post-Processing and Mineral Nitrogen

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Pedosphere 2015年第5期25卷 761-769页

作者： Giacomo LANZA stephan WIRTH Arthur GESSLER Jrgen KERN Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF) Swiss Federal Institute for Forest Snow and Landscape Research WSL

The biodegradability of chars derived from pyrolysis and hydrothermal carbonisation(HTC) was studied in short-term dynamic incubation experiments under controlled conditions. Carbon dioxide C(CO2) emissions from soil-char mixtures in combination with solid digestate or mineral nitrogen(N) fertiliser were measured in dynamic chambers for 10 d. Compared to the original material(maize straw), pyrolysis and HTC chars showed significantly lower CO2 emissions and slower decay dynamics; and compared to the soil control, HTC char increased soil respiration to a significant extent, while pyrolysis char did not. The addition of mineral N resulted in a delayed respiration dynamics for HTC char, while the addition of digestate resulted in an increase in the respired CO2 for pyrolysis char and a decrease for HTC char. For the first time, a peculiar two-stage decay kinetics was observed for HTC char,indicating a highly inhomogeneous substrate consisting at least of two C pools.

关键词： biodegradability CO2 emission decay dynamics hydrothermal carbonisation char pyrolysis char

Heme oxygenase-1 as a therapeutic target in inflammatory disorders of the gastrointestinal tract

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第25期16卷 3112-3119页

作者： Vijith Vijayan Sebastian Mueller Eveline Baumgart-Vogt stephan Immenschuh Institute for Anatomyand Cell Biology Justus-Liebig-University Giessen 35392 Gies-sen Germany Salem Medical Center and Center of Al-cohol Research University of Heidelberg 69121 HeidelbergGermany Institute for Transfusion Medicine Hannover Medical School 30625 Hannover Germany

Heme oxygenase (HO)-1 is the inducible isoform of the first and rate-limiting enzyme of heme degradation. HO-1 not only protects against oxidative stress and apoptosis, but has received a great deal of attention in recent years because ofits potent anti-inflammatory functions. Studies with HO-1 knockout animal models have led to major advances in the understanding of how HO-1 might regulate inflammatory immune responses, although little is known on the underlying mechanisms. Due to its beneficial effects the targeted induction of this enzyme is considered to have major therapeutic po- tential for the treatment ofinflammatory disorders. This review discusses current knowledge on the mechanisms that mediate anti-inflammatory protection by HO-1. More specifically, the article deals with the role of HO-1 in the pathophysiology of viral hepatitis, inflammatorybowel disease, and pancreatitis. The effects of specific HO-1 modulation as a potential therapeutic strategy in experimental cell culture and animal models of these gastrointestinal disorders are summarized. In conclusion, targeted regulation of HO-1 holds major promise for future clinical interventions in inflammatory diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.

关键词： Antioxidant Heme oxygenase Hepatitis Immunity Inflammation Inflammatory bowel disease Oxidative stress Pancreatitis

Ontology-based Access Control for FAIR Data

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Data Intelligence 2020年第1期2卷 66-77,304,305页

作者： Christopher Brewster Barry Nouwt stephan Raaijmakers Jack Verhoosel Data Science Department at TNO Kampweg 55Soesterberg 3769 DEThe Netherlands Institute of Data Science Maastricht UniversityMaastricht 6229 ERThe Netherlands

This paper focuses on fine-grained,secure access to FAIR data,for which we propose ontology-based data access *** policies take into account both the FAIR aspects of the data relevant to access(such as provenance and licence),expressed as metadata,and additional metadata describing *** this tripartite approach(data,associated metadata expressing FAIR information,and additional metadata about users),secure and controlled access to object data can be *** yields a security dimension to the“A”(accessible)in FAIR,which is clearly needed in domains like security and *** domains need data to be shared under tight controls,with widely varying individual access *** this paper,we propose an approach called Ontology-Based Access Control(OBAC),which utilizes concepts and relations from a data set's domain *** argue that ontology-based access policies contribute to data reusability and can be reconciled with privacy-aware data access *** illustrate our OBAC approach through a proof-of-concept and propose that OBAC to be adopted as a best practice for access management of FAIR data.

关键词： Access control Semantic technology Ontology Security FAIR

Short- and long-term effects of developmental corticosterone exposure on avian physiology, behavioral phenotype, cognition, and fitness： A review

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Current Zoology 2011年第4期57卷 514-530页

作者： stephan J. SCHOECH Michelle A. RENSEL Rebecca S. HEISS Department of Biological Sciences The University of Memphis Memphis TN 38152 USA

A growing body of evidence from across taxa suggests that exposure to elevated levels of glucocorticoids during early development can have long-term effects upon physiological and behavioral phenotypes. Additionally, there is some, though limited, evidence that similar early exposure can also negatively impact cognitive ability. Following pioneering mammalian studies, several avian studies have revealed that the responsiveness of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal （HPA） axis as an adult can be explained by levels of corticosterone, the avian glucocorticoid, the individual experienced as a nestling or even as an embryo via yolk exposure. Studies also suggest that perinatal exposure to corticosterone can have effects upon avian ＇personalities＇ or coping styles, and findings from mammalian studies suggest that these long-term effects are mediated epigenetically via altered expression of relevant DNA sequences. Although a consistent pattern across-species has yet to emerge, recent work in Florida scrub-jays Aphelocoma coerulescens found that baseline corticosterone levels in ll-day-old nestlings explained 84% of the varia- tion in ＇personality＇（bold vs. timid） when those individuals were tested approximately seven months later. Nestlings with elevated corticosterone levels were more timid than those individuals that as nestlings experienced relatively low corticosterone levels. Some researchers have suggested that parents might use such mechanisms to ＇program＇ their offsprings＇ phenotype to best fit prevailing environmental conditions. This review will visit what is known about the links between stressful developmental conditions that result in exposure to elevated corticosterone and the short- and long-term effects of this steroid hormone upon central nervous system function and whether alterations thereof are beneficial, deleterious, or neutral. It will concentrate on examples from birds, although critical supporting studies from the mammalian literature will be inclu

关键词： Glucocorticoids Developmental stress Behavioral phenotype

A comparative study on design standards of screw conveyors in China,Germany and the USA-PartⅠ:Theoretical calculation and quantitative analysis

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Particuology 2022年第10期20卷 61-76页

作者： Yuan Tan Michael Rackl Weijie Yang Johannes Fottner Wenjun Meng stephan Kessler Technical University of Munich Chair for Materials HandlingMaterial FlowLogisticsGarchingGermany Ibracon-Ingenieurbiiro Dr.-Ing.Rackl ZornedingGermany School of Mechanical Engineering Taiyuan University of Science and TechnologyTaiyuanShanxiChina

Screw conveyors,widely used devices for transporting bulk materials,play an irreplaceable role in the modern industrial *** of their traditional advantages,designers of screw conveyors still heavily rely on their own country's experiments and standards,which are closely related to empirical ***,the same conveying task often results in different *** work aims to compare the design standards of screw conveyors in China,Germany and the *** on related standards acquired from renowned associations in the three countries,the similarities and particularities of these design guidances are *** preforming the geometrical and operational designs for horizon-tal,slightly inclined and vertical conveyance of three representative bulk solids(barley,lignite,sand),the advantages and disadvantages of these semi-empirical designs are comprehensively ***-thermore,the potential influence of empirical coefficients,which are not explicitly documented,are extensively *** analysing all outcomes,the compatibility and applicability of each standard are qualitatively assessed.

关键词： Design standard Screw conveyor Screw feeder Screw auger Bulk solids