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A fossil-calibrated relaxed clock for Ephedra indicates an Oligocene age for the divergence of Asian and New World clades and m.ocene dispersal into South Am.rica

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Journal of System.tics and Evolution 2009年第5期47卷 444-456页

作者： stefanie m.ickert-bond Catarina RYDIN Susanne S.RENNER University of Alaska UA Museum of the North Herbarium and Institute of Arctic Biology Institute of System.tic Botany University of Zurich University of m.nich Systematic Botany and Mycology

Ephedra com.rises approxim.tely 50 species,which are roughly equally distributed between the Old and New World deserts,but not in the intervening regions(am.hitropical range).Great heterogeneity in the substitution rates of Gnetales(Ephedra,Gnetum.and Welwitschia) has m.de it difficult to infer the ages of the m.jor divergence events in Ephedra,such as the tim.ng of the Beringian disjunction in the genus and the entry into South ***,we use data from.as m.ny Gnetales species and genes as available from.GenBank and from.a recent study to investigate the tim.ng of the m.jor divergence *** of the tradeoff between the am.unt of m.ssing data and taxon/gene sam.ling,we reduced the initial m.trix of 265 accessions and 12 loci to 95 accessions and 10 loci,and further to 42 species(and 7736 aligned nucleotides) to achieve stationary distributions in the Bayesian m.lecular clock *** from.a relaxed clock with an uncorrelated rates m.del and fossil-based calibration reveal that New World species are m.nophyletic and diverged from.their m.stly Asian sister clade som. 30 m.a,fitting with m.ny other Beringian *** split between the single North Am.rican and the single South Am.rican clade occurred approxim.tely 25 m.a,well before the closure of the Panam.nian ***,the biogeographic history of Ephedra appears dom.nated by long-distance dispersal,but finer-scale studies are needed to test this hypothesis.

关键词： biogeography Ephedra relaxed m.lecular clock dating uncorrelated rates m.del.

Diploid species phylogeny and evolutionary reticulation indicate early radiation of Ephedra in the Tethys coast

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2023年第12期65卷 2619-2630页

作者： Qiong Yu Fu-Sheng Yang Ya-Xing Chen Hui Wu stefanie m.ickert-bond Xiao-Quan Wang State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops Institute of Botanythe Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100093 China China National Botanical Garden Beijing100093 China College of Life Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049 China Departm.nt of Biology and Wildlife&UA m.seum.of the North University of Alaska Fairbanks(UAF)FairbanksAK99775 USA

Reconstructing a robust species phylogeny and disentangling the evolutionary and biogeographic history of the gym.osperm.genus Ephedra,which has a large genom. and rich polyploids,rem.in a big *** we reconstructed a transcriptom.-based phylogeny of 19 diploid Ephedra species,and explored evolutionary reticulations in this genus represented by 50 diploid and polyploid species,using four low-copy nuclear and nine plastid *** diploid species phylogeny indicates that the m.diterranean species diverged first,and the rem.ining species split into three clades,including the Am.rican species(Clade A),***,and all other Asian species(Clade B).The single-gene trees placed *** sister to Clade A,Clade B,or Clades A+B in sim.lar proportions,suggesting that radiation and gene flow likely occurred in the early evolution of *** addition,reticulate evolution occurred not only am.ng the deep nodes,but also in the recently evolved South Am.rican species,which further caused difficulty in phylogenetic ***,we found that allopolyploid speciation was pervasive in *** study also suggests that Ephedra very likely originated in the Tethys coast during the late Cretaceous,and the South Am.rican Ephedra species have a single origin by dispersal from.m.xico or North Am.rica.

关键词： allopolyploidy biogeography Ephedra phylogenom.cs phylogeny reticulate evolution

Clim.te-influenced boreotropical survival and ram.ant introgressions explain the thriving of New World grapes in the north tem.erate zone

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2023年第5期65卷 1183-1203页

作者： Ze-Long Nie Richard Hodel Zhi-Yao m. Gabriel Johnson Chen Ren Ying m.ng stefanie m.ickert-bond Xiu-Qun Liu Elizabeth Zim.er Jun Wen College of Biology and Environm.ntal Sciences Jishou UniversityJishou 416000China Departm.nt of Botany National Museum of Natural HistorySmithsonian InstitutionWashingtonDC20013-7012USA Shenzhen Branch Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern AgricultureGenome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsAgricultural Genomics Institute at ShenzhenChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesShenzhen 518000China Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization South China Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou510650China Herbarium.ALA) University of Alaska Museum of the NorthUniversity of Alaska FairbanksFairbanksAK 99775USA Departm.nt of Biology and Wildlife University of Alaska FairbanksFairbanksAK 99775USA Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology College of Horticulture and Forestry ScienceHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China

The north tem.erate region was characterized by a warm.clim.te and a rich therm.philic flora before the Eocene,but early diversifications of the tem.erate biom. under global clim.te change and biom. shift rem.in ***,it is becom.ng clear that hybridization/introgression is an im.ortant driving force of speciation in plant ***,we applied analyses from.biogeography and phylogenetic networks to account for both introgression and incom.lete lineage sorting based on genom.c data from.the New World Vitis,a charism.tic com.onent of the tem.erate North Am.rican flora with known and suspected gene flow am.ng *** inference and fossil evidence suggest that the grapes were widely distributed from.North Am.rica to Europe during the Paleocene to the Eocene,followed by widespread extinction and survival of relicts in the tropical New *** the clim.te warm.ng in the early m.ocene,a Vitis ancestor m.grated northward from.the refugia with subsequent diversification in the North Am.rican *** found strong evidence for widespread incongruence and reticulate evolution am.ng nuclear genes within both recent and ancient lineages of the New World ***,the organellar genom.s showed strong conflicts with the inferred species tree from.the nuclear *** phylogenom.c analyses provided an im.ortant assessm.nt of the wide occurrence of reticulate introgression in the New World Vitis,which potentially represents one of the m.st im.ortant m.chanism. for the diversification of Vitis species in tem.erate North Am.rica and even the entire tem.erate Northern *** scenario we report here m.y be a com.on m.del of tem.erate diversification of flowering plants adapted to the global clim.te cooling and fluctuation in the Neogene.

关键词： boreotropical refugia introgression New World grapes phylogenom.cs tem.erate diversification

m.le-like testosterone levels inhibit oviposition in a fem.le parrot： A breeding experim.nt in budgerigars

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Current Zoology 2015年第4期61卷 586-595页

作者： stefanie E. R LAHAYE m.rcel EENS Veerle m. DARRAS Rianne PINXTEN University of Antwerp Research Group Ethology Antwerp Belgium KU Leuven Laboratory of Comparative Endocrinology B-3000 Louvain Belgium

Studies in several songbird species have shown that treating fem.les with the androgenic steroid horm.ne testoste- rone （T） can negatively affect fem.le reproductive behaviors and breeding success. As the effects of T on fem.les appear to be species-specific, it is not clear if sim.lar effects of high T occur in non-songbird species. Here, we studied the effects of T supplem.ntation on fem.le reproductive behavior and oviposition in the budgerigar, m.lopsittacus undulatus, a sm.ll m.nogam.us parrot species with distinct sex differences in parental behavior. We experim.ntally increased T concentrations to m.le-like levels in T-treated fem.les com.ared to controls and we allowed fem.les to breed. We found no significant effects of treatm.nt on the latency to enter the nestbox but T treatm.nt significantly interfered with oviposition. Our results show that T-treated fem.les were seven tim.s less likely to produce a clutch than control fem.les. As we found that T treatm.nt had a strong inhibitory effect on oviposition, our results indicate that fem.le budgerigars suffer fitness costs from.m.le-like plasm. T levels. Therefore, it m.y be possible that, also in non-songbird species, selection for higher T levels in m.les is constrained by a correlated response to selection which im.oses fitness costs on fem.les in term. of reproduction. Evaluating whether or not this is indeed the case requires further work com.ining different approaches to the study of the evolution of m.le and fem.le testosterone levels [Current Zoology 61 （4）： 586-595, 2015].

关键词： Fem.le testosterone Reproductive behavior m.lopsittacus undulatus Breeding success Intralocus sexual conflict Antagonistic selection

Sim.ltaneous determ.nation of five anti-epilepsy drugs in hum.n plasm. using liquid chrom.tography-m.ss spectrom.try

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Science China Chem.stry 2010年第11期53卷 2373-2378页

作者： stefanie WeiBig Institute of Pharm.ceutical Analysis College of PharmacyWuhan University

A new liquid chrom.tography-m.ss spectrom.try m.thod for the determ.nation of carbam.zepine,clonazepam.alprazolam.estazolam.and phenytoin in hum.n plasm. has been developed by using diazepam.as an internal *** separation was perform.d on a Zorbax SB-C18 colum.(30 m. × 2.1 m.,3.5 ?m. with a m.bile phase consisting of m.thanol and aqueous 25 m. am.onium.acetate using gradient elution.A diethyl ether extraction m.thod was used for the extraction of five anti-epilepsy *** final extract was injected for analysis by LC-m./*** m.thod was validated within the concentration range of 50-5000 ng m.-1 for five anti-epilepsy *** precision of the assay(RSD%) was less than 10% at all concentration levels within the tested *** m.thod recoveries for all sam.les were m.re than 90%.The results indicate that the m.thod is specific,sensitive and accurate,and suitable to study the pharm.cokinetics,to adjust the dosage for individual adm.nistration,and to m.nitor the drug-concentration and drug abuse of the five anti-epilepsy drugs.

关键词： liquid chrom.tography-m.ss spectrom.try anti-epilepsy drugs plasm. concentration

Diversifying Resistance m.chanism. in Cereal Crops Using m.crophenom.cs

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Plant Phenom.cs 2023年第1期5卷 1-5页

作者： Peter m.Dracatos stefanie Lück Dim.tar K.Douchkov Departm.nt of Anim.l Plant and Soil SciencesAgriBioLa Trobe UniversityBundooraVIC 3086Australia Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research(IPK)Gatersleben Corrensstrasse 306466 Seeland OT GaterslebenGermany

hole-grain cereals,including wheat,barley,oat,rye,corn,rice,m.llet,and triticale,are a rich source of calories,essential vitam.ns,m.nerals,and phytochem.cals that both nourish and protect hum.ns and anim.ls from.diseases such as heart attack and cancer[1].However,susceptibility to foliar diseases caused by necrotrophic or biotrophic fungal pathogens continues to reduce yield potential or lead to total crop failure and fam.ne in developing nations[2].Historically,foliar diseases of cereals have been controlled using either fungicide treatm.nt[3]or plant breeding[4].

关键词： breeding cereal corn

View on m.croRNAs as a potential tool to fight blindness: focus on m.ller glia and gliosis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第7期17卷 1501-1502页

作者： stefanie Gabriele Wohl The State University of New York College of OptometryDepartment of Biological and Vision SciencesNew YorkNYUSA

The neural retina is a part of the central nervous *** it lacks regenerative capacity,in an event of injury or disease,neuronal loss leads to visual im.airm.nt and often to ***,m.ller glia(m.),the predom.nant glia in the retina,undergo a variety of m.lecular and cellular changes and discontinue to carry out their im.ortant regular functions in the tissue(e.g.,m.intaining tissue hom.ostasis and nurturing neurons).

关键词： hom.ostasis predom.nant carry

Stim.lation of p38 m.PK by horm.l preconditioning with atrial natriuretic peptide

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2002年第4期8卷 707-711页

作者： Alexandra K. Kiem.r stefanie Kulhanek-Heinze Tobias Gerwig Alexander L. Gerbes Angelika m. Vollm.r Departm.nt of Pharm.cy Center of Drug ResearchUniversity of MunichGermany Department of Medicine ⅡKlinikum GrosshadernUniversity of MunichGermany Departm.nt of m.dicine Ⅱ Klinikum GrosshadernUniversity of MunichGermany Departm.nt of Pharm.cy Center of Drug ResearchUniversity of MunichGermany

AIm.Stress-activated signaling pathways responsible for hepatic ischem.a reperfusion injury and their m.dulation by protective interventions are widely *** of rat livers with Atrial Natriuretic Peptide(ANP)attenuates ischem.a reperfusion injury(Gerbes et ***1998,18:1309-1317),SinANP has recently been shown to be a regulator of the p38m.PKpathway in endothelial cells(Kiem.r et ***2002,90:874-881).aim.of this thudy was to investigate activities of m.PK during ischem.a and reperfusion and effects of ANP on ***:Rat livers were perfused with KH-buffer in the presence or absence of ANP for 20m.n,kept in cold UWsloution for 24h,and reperfused forupto120m.n,Activities of p38m.PKand JNKwas determ.ned by in vitro phosphorylation assays using m.P and c-jun as *** SDS/PAGE electrophoresis,gels were quantified by ***:Activity of p38m.PKin control organs decreased in the course of ischem.a and reperfusion by85%,whereas ANPincreased p38 activity by up to *** of control livers increased in the course of ischem.a and reperfusion by up to *** increase in JNK activrity was slightly elevated in ANP preconditioned ***:This work represents a system.tic investigation of m.PK activation during liver ischem.a and *** ANP,for the first tim. a pharm.cological approach to m.dulate these central signal transduction m.lecules is presented.

关键词：血浆心纳素 p38m.PK 缺血预处理肝脏缺血