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Burden, risk assessment, surveillance and management of SARS-CoV-2 infection in health workers:a scoping review

Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2020年第5期9卷 1-11页

作者： Federica Calò Antonio Russo Clarissa Camaioni stefania de pascalis Nicola Coppola department of Mental Health and Public Medicine-Infectious Diseases Unit University of Campania Luigi VanvitelliL.Armanni 580131 NaplesItaly

Background:Health workers(HWs)are at increased risk for severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2(SARS-CoV-2)infection and a possible source of nosocomial transmission *** the increased risk,the best surveillance strategy and management of exposed HWs are not yet well *** aim of this review was to summarize and critically analyze the existing evidence related to this topic in order to support public health strategies aimed at protecting HWs in the hospital *** text:A comprehensive computerized literature research from 1 January 2020 up to 22 May 2020 was made to identify studies analyzing the burden of infection,risk assessment,surveillance and management of HWs exposed to *** 1623 citation identified using MEDLINE,Embase,Google Scholar and manual search,we included 43 studies,14 webpages and 5 ongoing *** workers have a high risk of acquiring infection while caring for coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)*** particular,some types exposures and their duration,as well as the inadequate or non-use of personal protective equipment(PPE)are associated with increased infection *** infection prevention and control procedures(IPC),adequate training programs on the appropriate use of PPE and close monitoring of HWs with symptom surveillance and testing are essential to significantly reduce the *** the moment there is not enough evidence to provide precise indications regarding pre-exposure prophylaxis(PREP)and post-exposure prophylaxis(PEP).Conclusions:During the spread of COVID-19 outbreak,numerous published papers investigated the epidemiology,risk assessment and prevention and control of ***,more high-quality studies are needed to provide valid recommendations for better management and for the clinical and microbiological surveillance of healthcare personnel.

关键词： Healthcare worker Health worker Risk assessment Surveillance Management COVID-19

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Hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus infection inhealthcare workers

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World Journal of Hepatology 2016年第5期8卷 273-281页

作者： Nicola Coppola stefania de pascalis Lorenzo Onorato Federica Calò Caterina Sagnelli Evangelista Sagnelli department of Mental Health and Public Medicine Section of Infectious DiseasesSecond University of Naples80131 NaplesItaly department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine and Surgery“F.Magrassi e A.Lanzara” Second University of Naples80131 NaplesItaly

Approximately 3 million healthcare workers per year receive an injury with an occupational instrument, with around 2000000 exposures to hepatitis B virus(HBV) and 1000000 to hepatitis C virus(HCV). Although an effective HBV vaccine has been available since the early eighties, and despite the worldwide application of universal vaccination programs started in the early nineties, HBV still remains a prominent agent of morbidity and mortality. There is no vaccine to limit the diffusion of HCV infection, which progresses to chronicity in the majority of cases and is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide due to a chronic liver disease. Healthcare workers are frequently exposed by a mucosal-cutaneous or percutaneous route to accidental contact with human blood and other potentially infectious biological materials while carrying out their occupational duties. Mucosal-cutaneous exposure occurs when the biological material of a potentially infected patient accidentally comes in contact with the mucous membranes of the eyes or mouth or with the skin of a healthcare worker. Percutaneous exposure occurs when an operator accidentally injures himself with a sharp contaminated object, like a needle, blade or other sharp medical instrument. About 75% of the total occupational exposure is percutaneous and 25% mucosal-cutaneous, the risk of infecting a healthcare worker being higher in percutaneous than in mucosal-cutaneous exposure. All healthcare workers should be considered for HBV vaccination and should meticulously apply the universal prophylactic measures to prevent exposure to HBV and HCV.

关键词： Hepatitis B virus infection Hepatitis C virusinfection Needle-stick injury Healthcare workers

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