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How do altitude and soil properties influence the taxonomic and phylogenetic structure and diversity of Brazilian páramo vegetation?

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Journal of Mountain Science 2020年第5期17卷 1045-1057页

作者： Markus GASTAUER Jan THIELE stefan porembski Andreza Viana NERI Instituto Tecnologico Vale R.Boaventura da Silva955CEP 66055-090Bairro NazareBelemPABrazil Universidade Federal do Para Programa de pos-graduacao em EcologiaRuaAugusto Correa01CEP 66075-110GuamaBelemBrazil Thünen Institute Institute of BiodiversityBundesallee 6538116 BraunschweigGermany University of Rostock Institute of BioscienceDepartment of Botany and Botanical GardenWismarsche Str.44/45D-18051 RostockGermany Universidade Federal de Vicosa Department of Plant BiologyLaboratory of Ecology and Evolution of PlantsCampus Universitario s/n36570-900VigosaMinas GeraisBrazil

Altitude and environmental variables such as edaphic properties are considered determinants of species distribution and community composition in mountain ecosystems.Here,we aimed to outline the effects of distinct mountain peaks,altitude and soil properties on community composition,species density,phylogenetic structure and diversity of angiosperm páramo communities from the Serra do Brigadeiro State Park,Minas Gerais,southeastern Brazil.For that,we identified all angiosperm species found in 300 plots(1 m×1 m)from three mountain peaks,measured soil depth and analyzed soil fertility and texture in each plot.To reduce the number of soil variables and species composition,we computed principal coordinates based on soil properties and principal coordinates based on species-plot matrix for each plot.Furthermore,we computed the standard effect sizes of the mean phylogenetic pairwise distance and the mean nearest phylogenetic taxon distance for each plot to investigate differences in the degree of relatedness among coexisting species.We compared differences in response variables between peaks and modelled them in function of altitude and principle components of soil properties using mixed effect models.Species density and phylogenetic diversity differed between peaks,but,contrary to the previous findings,no relationships between species richness or phylogenetic diversity and altitude or soil properties were found,indicating that further investigations are necessary to understand the altitude-biodiversity relationship in Brazilian páramo vegetation.Community composition differed between peaks and depended on altitude,soil properties and interactions between them,indicating that upward shifting of bioclimatic conditions due to climate changes may alter communities of this ecosystem.Phylogenetic structure differed between peaks and was influenced by altitude and soil properties.As phylogenetic clustering increased with altitude,eventual upward movements of species in Brazilian páramo vegetation due to climate change may alt

关键词： Mountainous ecosystems Altitudebiodiversity relationship High altitude grasslands Phylogenetic diversity Community assemblage Conservation

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Plant diversity and community structure of Brazilian Páramos

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Journal of Mountain Science 2018年第6期15卷 1186-1198页

作者： prímula viana campos pedro manuel villa jaquelina alves nunes carlos e.g.r.schaefer stefan porembski andreza viana neri federal university of vicosa department of plant biologylaboratory of ecology and evolution of plantscampus universitário36570-900VicosaMinas GeraisBrazil foundation for the conservation of biodiversity 7101MeridaVenezuela minas gerais state university 23.Santa Emilia36800-000CarangolaMihas GeraisBrazil federal university of vicosa department of soilcampus universitário36570-900VicosaMinas GeraisBrazil university of rostock institute of biosciencedepartment of botanyWismarsche Str.44/45D-18051 RostockGermany

In Eastern South America, high altitude grasslands represent a mountain system that has a high number of endemic species. However, studies on the ecology of plant communities in these environments remain scarce. We aimed to evaluate the patterns of biodiversity and structure of plant communities from rocky outcrops in high altitude grasslands of three areas at the Caparaó National Park, southeastern Brazil, by sampling 300 randomly distributed plots. Then, we compared the floristic composition, relative abundance, and biological and vegetation spectra among areas. We classified species as endemic and non-endemic and verified the occurrence of endangered species. Species richness was evaluated by rarefaction analysis on the sampling units. The importance value and species abundance distribution(SAD) models were assessed. We also performed an indicator species analysis. We sampled 58 species belonging to 49 genera and 32 families. The number of species decreased with increasing altitude, with significant differences being observed among areas regarding richness, abundance, and cover. Of the total number of species, 10 are endemic to the Caparaó National Park and 17 are listed on the Brazilian Red List of endangered species. The dominant families on all peaks were Asteraceae and Poaceae. The SAD models showed lognormal and geometric distributions, corroborating the fact that 10 species that were common to all three areas were also the most dominant ones in the communities and showed the highest importance values, which ranged between 35% and 60%. Indicator species analysis revealed that 28 species(48.27%) were indicators. Of these, 42.85% had maximum specificity, meaning that they occurred only in one area. Thus, the number of species per life form ratio was similar among areas, yet vegetation spectra differed, especially for hemicryptophytes. The altimetric difference among the areas showed to be a very important driver in the community assembly, influencing the evaluated variables, however, other drivers as soil d

关键词：社区巴西 amos 结构生物多样性模型显示影响评估国家公园

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Soil and altitude drive diversity and functioning of Brazilian Páramos(campo de altitude)

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2017年第5期10卷 771-779页

作者： Andreza Viana Neri Gladson Ramon Alves Borges João Augusto Alves Meira-Neto Luiz Fernando Silva Magnago Ian Michael Trotter Carlos Ernesto GRSchaefer stefan porembski Departamento de Biologia Vegetal Laboratório de Ecologia e Evolução de PlantasUniversidade Federal de ViçosaPH RolfsS/NCampus UniversitárioViçosaMinas Gerais 36570-900Brazil Departamento de Biologia Setor de Ecologia e ConservaçãoUniversidade Federal de LavrasLavrasMinas Gerais 37200-000Brazil Departamento de Economia Rural Universidade Federal de ViçosaPH RolfsS/NCampus UniversitárioViçosaMinas Gerais 36570-900Brazil Departamento de Solos Universidade Federal de ViçosaPH RolfsS/NCampus UniversitárioViçosaMinas Gerais 36570-900Brazil Allgemeine und Spezielle Botanik Institut für BiowissenschaftenUniversität RostockWismarsche Str.8D-18051 RostockGermany

Aims the vegetation on Brazilian Páramos consists of assemblages that are driven mainly by the influence of strong environmental filtering.It is very important to understand the effect of environmental varia-tion on taxonomic diversity and on functional diversity.considering the lack of information about the functional diversity in Brazilian Páramos,we analyzed for the first time the effects of altitude and edaphic attributes on functional traits,as well as on taxonomic and functional diversity.We also wanted to answer the questions:Which ecological strategies are favorable in high-altitude grassland?Does soil attributes determine distributions of traits in high-altitude grassland?considering the studied altitudinal gradient is altitude an important variable in the community assembly?Methods the study was conducted on three mountains:Mammoth(1850 m),Elephant(1790 m)and totem(1690 m)in Serra do Brigadeiro State Park,Minas Gerais State,Brazil.those mountains represent the‘Serra das cabeças’,a smaller ridge that is surrounded by the Atlantic Forest,one of the 25 hotspot of biodiversity.the samples were taken using 100 plots of 1 m2 per mountain that were randomly distributed.All plants except mosses were sampled.the taxonomic diversity was evaluated using richness,Shannon diversity,effective number of species and Pielou evenness.For the functional diver-sity,we considered the functional richness,functional evenness and functional divergence.Generalized linear models(GLM/Poisson and quasi-Poisson)were used to evaluate the effect of abiotic variables(altitude,soil depth and soil chemical attributes)on biotic variables(number of species and individuals,life form,dispersal and fruit type)and ordinary least squares regression to evaluate the effect of abiotic variables on the functional and taxonomic diversity.Important Findingsthe soil variables presented a considerable edaphic gradient associated with altitude.the soil in Serra das cabeças plays an important role for the plant diversity:richness and diversity index wer

关键词： mountain conservation vegetation islands functional diversity life form highland grassland functional traits

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Farmers’perceptions on cultivation and the impacts of climate change on goods and services provided by Garcinia kola in Nigeria

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Ecological Processes 2018年第1期7卷 425-434页

作者： Onyebuchi Patrick Agwu Adama Bakayoko Saka Oladunni Jimoh porembski stefan WASCAL Graduate Research Program on Climate Change and Biodiversity Universite´Felix Houphouet BoignyBP 165Abidjan 31Côte d’Ivoire Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Côte d’Ivoire(CSRS) UniversitéNangui AbrogouaAbidjanCôte d’Ivoire Department of Social and Environmental Forestry University of IbadanIbadanNigeria Institute for Biodiversity Research University of RostockRostockGermany

Background:Garcinia kola is an indigenous multipurpose tree species commonly found in the tropical rain forest zone of West and Central Africa.Providing economic,ecological,and socio-cultural benefits for people,they have potentials to improve the regional and local income generation to the farmers but the cultivation of the species is very limited in Nigeria.Methods:The study investigated cultivation and farmers’perceptions on the impacts of climate change on goods and services provided by G.kola in Nigeria.Structured questioners and interviews were used.The data obtained was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistic such as frequency,percentage,chi-square,and multinomial logit regressions with SPSS Version 20 and R software Version 3.1.0.Results:The results show that farmers are presently not cultivating G.kola,and most of the available stands were inherited from grandparents.The farmers still believe it is only God that can make G.kola to germinate;however,information about the new improved methods of raising G.kola was not spread across farmers’communities.Over 93%of these farmers were not aware of these new methods,and the only means they raise the species is by picking the wildlings that regenerate naturally close to mother tree and are rarely found.The finding also shows that farmers are well aware of climate change and its impact on crop productivity is not clear to them.The result shows that five explanatory variables(age,gender,marital status,education level,household size and primary occupation)are the main factors significantly influencing farmers’perception of climate change and the cultivation of the G.kola.During interview section,the farmers reported variability of Harmattan season influences fruit production of the species;according to them,increase in Harmattan season usually leads to increase in fruiting of G.kola.Conclusions:Based on our findings,all the 215 respondent interviewed agree that climatic variability influences the availability of G.kola which will in turn have significa

关键词： Garcinia kola Propagation Multipurpose species Farmers Climate change Harmattan season

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