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The Asymmetric Connection of SST in the Tasman Sea with Respect to the Opposite Phases of ENSO in Austral Summer

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2022年第11期39卷 1897-1913页

作者： Xueqian SUN Shuanglin LI stefan LIESS Climate Change Research Center(CCRC) Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Department of Atmospheric Science/Centre for Severe Weather and Climate and Hydro-geological Hazards China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China College of Earth and Planetary Science University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Department of Soil Waterand ClimateUniversity of MinnesotaTwin CitiesSt.Paul MN 55108MinnesotaUSA

This study uses linear regression and composite analyses to identify a pronounced asymmetric connection of sea surface temperature(SST)in the Tasman Sea with the two opposite phases of El Ni?o-Southern Oscillation(ENSO)during austral *** El Ni?o years,the SST anomalies(SSTAs)in the Tasman Sea exhibit a dipolar pattern with weak warmth in the northwest and modest cooling in the southeast,while during La Ni?a years the SSTAs exhibit a basin-scale warmth with greater *** into the underlying mechanism suggest that this asymmetry arises from a mechanism related to oceanic heat transport,specifically the anomalous Ekman meridional heat transport induced by the zonal wind stress anomalies,rather than the surface heat fluxes on the air-sea *** analysis reveals that the asymmetry of oceanic heat transport between El Ni?o and La Ni?a years is driven by the asymmetric atmospheric circulation over the Tasman Sea stimulated by the asymmetric diabatic heating in the tropical Pacific between the two opposite ENSO phases.

关键词： El Ni?o-Southern Oscillation SST in the Tasman Sea asymmetric connection surface heat fluxes oceanic heat transport

Machine Learning for heat radiation modeling of bi-and polydisperse particle systems including walls

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Particuology 2023年第3期74卷 119-140页

作者： Josef Tausendschön Gero Stöckl stefan Radl Institute of Process and Particle Engineering Graz University of TechnologyInffeldgasse 13/III8010GrazAustria

We investigated the ability of four popular Machine Learning methods i.e.,Deep Neural Networks(DNNs),Random Forest-based regressors(RFRs),Extreme Gradient Boosting-based regressors(XGBs),and stacked ensembles of DNNs,to model the radiative heat transfer based on view factors in bi-and polydisperse particle beds including *** training and analyzing the predictive capability of each method,an adjustment of markers used in monodisperse systems,as well as an evaluation of new markers was *** the basis of our dataset that considers a wide range of particle radii ratios,system sizes,particle volume fractions,as well as different particle-species volume fractions,we found that(i)the addition of particle size information allows the transition from monodisperse to bi-and polydisperse beds,and(ii)the addition of particle volume fraction information as the fourth marker leads to very accurate *** terms of the overall performance,DNNs and RFRs should be preferred compared to the other two *** particle-particle view factors,DNN and RFR are on par,while for particle-wall the RFR is *** demonstrate that DNNs and RFRs can be built to meet or even exceed the prediction quality standards achieved in a monodisperse system.

关键词： Discrete element method(DEM) Heat radiation modeling Machine learning View factors Wall radiation Polydisperse particles

Development and validation of a transient simulation model of a full-scale PCM embedded radiant chilled ceiling

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Building Simulation 2023年第6期16卷 813-829页

作者： Seyedmostafa Mousavi Behzad Rismanchi stefan Brey Lu Aye Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Group Department of Infrastructure EngineeringFaculty of Engineering and Information Technology(FEIT)The University of MelbourneMelbourneVIC3010Australia InvAus Pty Ltd. MelbourneVIC3000Australia

The recent significant rise in space cooling energy demand due to the massive use of air-conditioning systems has adversely changed buildings’energy use patterns *** updated energy technology perspectives highlight the need for innovative cooling systems to address this growing cooling *** change material embedded radiant chilled ceiling(PCM-RCC)has lately acquired popularity as they offer more efficient space cooling together with further demand-side *** advancements in PCM-RCC applications have increased the necessity for reliable simulation models to assist professionals in identifying improved designs and operating *** this study,a transient simulation model of PCM-RCC has been developed and validated using measured data in a full-scale test cabin equipped with newly developed PCM ceiling *** model,developed in the TRNSYS simulation studio,includes Type 399 that uses the Crank-Nicolson algorithm coupled with the enthalpy function to solve transient heat transfer in PCM ceiling *** developed model is validated in both free-running and active operation modes,and its quality is then evaluated using several validation *** results obtained in multiple operating scenarios confirm that the model simulates the transient behaviour of the PCM-RCC system with an accuracy within±10%.Aided by this validated model,which offers the user detailed flexibilities in the system design and its associated operating schemas,PCM-RCC’s potentials regarding peak load shifting,energy savings,and enhanced thermal comfort can be investigated more reliably.

关键词： phase change material(PCM) radiant cooling ceiling panel modelling and simulation validation

Three-way Subsynchronous Torsional Interactions Between LCC HVDC,MMC HVDC and a Thermal Generator

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现代电力系统与清洁能源学报(英文) 2023年第4期11卷 1331-1340页

作者： stefan Kovacevic Dragan Jovcic Pierre Rault Olivier Despouys School of Engineering University of AberdeenAberdeen AB243UEU.K. Réseau de Transport d’Électricité ParisFrance

This paper performs a study on three-way subsynchronous torsional interactions(SSTI)between a hybrid dual-infeed high-voltage direct current(HVDC)system and a nuclear *** test case is based on the French IFA2000 line commutated converter(LCC)HVDC(2 GW)and the new Eleclink modular multilevel converter(MMC)HVDC(1 GW)interacting with the Gravelines generator(1 GW).The analysis is performed by the means of the eigenvalue stability assessment on an analytical model,while the accuracy of the conclusions is verified using the detailed non-linear electromegnetic transient program(EMTP)*** study shows that the dual-infeed system may introduce higher risk of the SSTI compared with the point-to-point HVDC *** shows that MMC operating as static synchronous compensator(STATCOM)may further reduce the torsional damping at 6.3 Hz *** conclusion may be unexpected since it is known fact from literature that STATCOM has a beneficial impact on the transient performance of *** studies show that in a sequential HVDC loading,it may be beneficial to load the MMC HVDC ***,the risk of the SSTI may be minimized by changing HVDC controller gains,in particular,by increasing phaselocked-loop(PLL)gains on the LCC rectifier.

关键词： Subsynchronous torsional interaction(SSTI) eigenvalue stability hybrid dual-infeed high-voltage direct current(HVDC) line commutated converter(LCC) modular multilevel converter(MMC) nuclear generator

Less workplace parking with fully autonomous vehicles?

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Journal of Intelligent and Connected Vehicles 2022年第3期5卷 283-301页

作者： stefan Tscharaktschiew Felix Reimann Institute of Transport and Economics Technische Universität DresdenDresdenGermany

Purpose–Recent studies on commuter parking in an age of fully autonomous vehicles(FAVs)suggest,that the number of parking spaces close to the workplace demanded by commuters will decline because of the capability of FAVs to return home,to seek out(free)parking elsewhere or just *** would be good news because,as of today,parking is one of the largest consumers of urban land and is associated with substantial costs to *** of the studies,however,is concerned with the special case of employer-provided parking,although workplace parking is a widespread phenomenon and,in many instances,the dominant form of commuter *** purpose of this paper is to analyze whether commuter parking will decline with the advent of self-driving cars when parking is provided by the ***/methodology/approach–This study looks at commuter parking from the perspective of both the employer and the employee because in the case of employer-provided parking,the firm’s decision to offer a parking space and the incentive of employees to accept that offer are closely interrelated because of the fringe benefit character of workplace *** study develops an economic equilibrium model that explicitly maps the employer–employee relationship,considering the treatment of parking provision and parking policy in the income tax code and accounting for adverse effects from commuting,parking and public *** study determines the market level of employer-provided parking in the absence and presence of FAVs and identifies the factors that drive the *** study then approximates the magnitude of each factor,relying on recent(first)empirical evidence on the impacts of ***–This paper’s analysis suggests that as long as distortive(tax)policy favors employer-provided parking,FAVs are no guarantee to end up with less commuter ***/value–This study’s findings imply that in a world of self-driving cars,policy intervention related to work comm

关键词： Autonomous vehicles Employer-provided parking Fringe benefit Self-driving cars Transport policy

Applications of object detection networks in high-power laser systems and experiments

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2023年第1期11卷 52-60页

作者： Jinpu Lin Florian Haberstroh stefan Karsch Andreas Döpp Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München GarchingGermany

The recent advent of deep artificial neural networks has resulted in a dramatic increase in performance for object classification and *** pre-trained with everyday objects,we find that a state-of-the-art object detection architecture can very efficiently be fine-tuned to work on a variety of object detection tasks in a high-power laser *** this paper,three exemplary applications are *** show that the plasma waves in a laser±plasma accelerator can be detected and located on the optical *** plasma wavelength and plasma density are estimated ***,we present the detection of all the peaks in an electron energy spectrum of the accelerated electron beam,and the beam charge of each peak is estimated ***,we demonstrate the detection of optical damage in a high-power laser *** reliability of the object detector is demonstrated over1000 laser shots in each *** study shows that deep object detection networks are suitable to assist online and offline experimental analysis,even with small training *** believe that the presented methodology is adaptable yet robust,and we encourage further applications in Hz-level or kHz-level high-power laser facilities regarding the control and diagnostic tools,especially for those involving image data.

关键词： high repetition rate laser±plasma accelerators machine learning object detection optical diagnostics

Modelling the mechanism and kinetics of ascorbic acid diffusion in genipin-crosslinked gelatin and chitosan networks at distinct pH

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Food Bioscience 2022年第2期46卷 684-694页

作者： Felicity A.Whitehead stefan Kasapis School of Science RMIT UniversityMelbourneVictoria3083Australia

Crosslinked biopolymers were prepared for controlled release to investigate the diffusion of ascorbic acid from swelling high-solid networks in neutral and acidic pH *** swelling was measured at pH 2.8 and pH 6.8 and change in microstructural properties,including network mesh size and average molecular weight between crosslinks of genipin-crosslinked gelatin and genipin-crosslinked chitosan systems,were *** mathematical modelling was applied to the first 60%of ascorbic acid diffusion and statistical analysis was used to determine the model that best fits the experimental *** transport from the gelatin-based networks was best described by the Peppas-Sahlin model whereas the distinct effect of pH on chitosan structure formation brought into consideration the zero-order *** modelling of bioactive compound release from swelling biopolymer matrices at different pH conditions is essential for the design of efficient targeted delivery matrices for functional food and nutraceutical applications.

关键词： Gelatin Chitosan Genipin crosslinking Ascorbic acid Diffusion kinetics

Chronic hepatitis C:Treat or wait? Medical decision making in clinical practice

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第12期18卷 1339-1347页

作者： Claus Niederau dietrich Hüppe Elmar Zehnter Bernd Mller Renate Heyne stefan Christensen Rainer Pfaff Arno Theilmeier Ulrich Alshuth stefan Mauss Katholische Kliniken Oberhausen St.Josef HospitalKlinik für Innere MedizinOberhausen 46045Germany Medical Office for Gastroenterology and Hepatology Herne 44623Germany Medical Office for Gastroenterology and Hepatology Dortmund 44263Germany Medical Office for Gastroenterology and Hepatology Berlin 10969Germany Center for Interdisciplinary Medicine Münster 48143Germany Medical Office for Gastroenterology and Hepatology Gie en 35392Germany Medical Office for Gastroenterology and Hepatology Mnchengladbach 41239Germany Pharma AG Medical Management Virology Grenzach-Wyhlen 79639Germany Center for HIV and Hepatogastroenterology Düsseldorf 40237Germany

AIM:To analyzes the decision whether patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection are treated or ***:This prospective cohort study included 7658 untreated patients and 6341 patients receiving pegylated interferon α2 a/ribavirin,involving 434 physicians/institutions throughout Germany (377 in private practice and 57 in hospital settings).A structured questionnaire had to be answered prior to the treatment decision,which included demographic data,information about the personal life situation of the patients,anamnesis and symptomatology of hepatitis C,virological data,laboratory data and data on concomitant diseases.A second part of the study analyzes patients treated with pegylated interferon α*** questionnaires included reasons against treatment mentioned by the ***:Overall treatment uptake was 45%.By multivariate analysis,genotype 1/4/5/6,HCV-RNA ≤ 520 000 IU/mL,normal alanine aminotransferase (ALT),platelets ≤ 142 500/μL,age > 56 years,female gender,infection length > 12.5 years,concomitant diseases,human immunodeficiency virus co-infection,liver biopsy not performed,care in private practice,asymptomatic disease,and unemployment were factors associated with reduced treatment *** and sustained viral response rates in migrants (1/3 of cohort) were higher than in German natives although 1/3 of migrants had language *** rate and liver biopsy were higher in clinical settings when compared to private practice and were low when ALT and HCV-RNA were ***:Some reasons against treatment were medically based whereas others were related to fears,socio-economical problems,and information deficits both on the side of physicians and patients.

关键词：丙型肝炎病毒临床实践治疗慢性决策医疗 HCV

Omicron:Master of immune evasion maintains robust ACE2 binding

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2022年第5期7卷 1360-1362页

作者： Markus Hoffmann Lu Zhang stefan Pohlmann Infection Biology Unit German Primate Center—Leibniz Institute for Primate ResearchGöttingenGermany Georg-August-University Göttingen GöttingenGermany

The spike(S)protein of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant is highly mutated but the impact of these mutations on viral entry into cells and its inhibition by antibodies has been unclear.A recent study published in Science by Mannar et *** shows that these mutations are compatible with robust ACE2 binding and allow for efficient evasion of neutralizing *** emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants has become a hallmark of the COVID-19 *** of concern(VOC)harbor mutations in the viral S protein that can increase transmissibility,potentially by promoting S protein binding to the cellular receptor ACE2.

关键词： ACE2 maintain