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Effect of radiation on compressibility of hot dense sodium and iron plasma using improved screened hydrogenic model with𝑙splitting

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Chinese Physics B 2021年第3期30卷 225-236页

作者： Amjad Ali g Shabbir Naz Rukhsana Kouser ghazala Tasneem M Saleem Shahzad Aman-ur-Rehman M H Nasim Department of Physics and Applied Mathematics Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied SciencesIslamabad 45650Pakistan Department of Nuclear Engineering Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied SciencesIslamabad 45650Pakistan

High pressure investigations of matter involve the study of strong shock wave dynamics within the materials which gives rise to many thermal effects leading to dissociation of molecules,ionization of atoms,and radiation emission,*** response of materials experiencing a strong shock can be determined by its shock Hugoniot calculations which are frequently applied in numerical and experimental studies in inertial confinement fusion,laboratory astrophysical plasma,*** studies involve high energy density plasmas in which the radiation plays an important role in determining the energy deposition and maximum compressibility achieved by the shock within *** this study,we present an investigation for the effect of radiation pressure on the maximum compressibility of the material using shock Hugoniot *** shock Hugoniot calculations,an equation of state(EOS)is developed in which electronic contributions for EOS calculations are taken from an improved screened hydrogenic model with−l splitting(I-SHML)[High Energy Density Physics(2018)2648]under local thermodynamic equilibrium(LTE)*** thermal ionic part calculations are adopted from the state of the art Cowan model while the cold ionic contributions are adopted from the scaled binding energy *** Shock Hugoniot calculations are carried out for sodium and iron plasmas and our calculated results show excellent agreement with published results obtained by using either sophisticated self-consistent models or the first principle study.

关键词： self-consistent-field methods thermodynamics of plasmas average atom model shock Hugoniot calculation

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Formation of Re-containing Carbides in a Second generation Directionally Solidified Ni Base Superalloy

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2009年第3期25卷 361-364页

作者： T. Zhao D. Wang J. Zhang g. Chen L.H. Lou School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing 210094 China Institute of Metal Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang 110016 China

The precipitates at grain boundary in a directionally solidified Ni base superalloy after heat treatment, aging at 975℃, and creep rupture test have been characterized. Besides the primary MC carbides and fine particles of u phase, the Re-containing M23C6 was observed. The precipitation kinetics revealed that the formation of M23C6 was associated with the dissolution of u phase and MC carbides. TEM image shows that the continuous precipitation of M23C6 particles effectively hinders the dislocation movement and strengthens the grain boundaries. The high strength of the alloy suggests that M23C6 carbides are beneficial to the properties although Re as an important matrix strengthening element was consumed.

关键词： Ni-base Superalloys Directional solidification Rhenium Carbide

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Enhanced magnetostrictive properties of lightly Pr-doped Fe83ga17 alloys

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Journal of Rare Earths 2020年第3期38卷 257-264页

作者： Lijuan Zhao Xiao Tian Zhanquan Yao Xuan Zhao Rui Wang Hamt O Liping Jiang Vincent g.Harris Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory for Physics and Chemistry of Functional Materials School of Physics and Electronic InformationInner Mongolia Normal UniversityHohhot 010022China School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering Inner Mongolia Agricultural UniversityHohhot 010018China Baotou Research Institute of Rare Earths Baotou 014030China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering CM3ICNortheastern UniversityBostonMA 02115USA

Fe83ga17Prx alloys,where x=0,0.2,0.4,0.6 and 1.0,were prepared by a non-consumable vacuum arc melting technique under an inert argon gas *** crystal structure and surface morphologies of the alloys were studied by X-ray diffraction(XRD) and scanning electron microscopy(SEM),*** compositional variations were measured by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDXS).The magnetostriction coefficients of the alloys were measured by means of a differential resistive strain *** magnetism of the sample was measured by a vibrating sample magnetometer(VSM).The results show that the parent Fe83ga17 alloy consists of a single A2 phase of bcc symmetry,whereas the Pr doped Fe83ga17 alloys are composed of the A2 phase of bcc structure and a small volume fraction of Prga2 as a secondary *** importantly,with increasing x,the magnetostriction coefficient of the Fe83ga17Prx alloys first increases reaching a maximum saturation magnetostriction coefficient of192 ppm for x=0.6 at a magnetic field strength of 486 kA/m,then *** maximum represents a 400% increase over the parent alloy with a mere 0.6 at% Pr doping.

关键词： Fe-ga alloy Magnetostriction Praseodymium Rare earth element doping

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Physical exercises for preventing injuries among adult male football players:A systematic review

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2022年第1期11卷 115-122页

作者： Jorge Pérez-gómez JoséCarmelo Adsuar Pedro EAlcaraz Jorge Carlos-Vivas Health EconomyMotricity and Education(HEME)Research GroupFaculty of Sports SciencesUniversity of ExtremaduraCaceres 10003Spain UCAM Research Center for High Performance Sport Catholic University of MurciaMurcia 30107Spain Faculty of Sport Sciences Catholic University of MurciaMurcia 30107Spain

Background:Football is the most practised sport in the world and is associated with the risk of injuries in the *** studies have been published that identify injury prevention programs,but there is no review of the full body of evidence on injury prevention programs for use by football *** aim of this article was to carry out a systematic review of published studies on injury prevention programs for adult male footballers,identify points of common understanding and establish recommendations that should be considered in the design of injury prevention ***:PubMed and EMBASE databases were used to identify relevant published articles using the following keywords:"soccer"AND"injury"AND"prevention".Results:A total of 2512 studies were identified initially,but only 11 studies met the inclusion criteria,and their outcomes are *** revealed that injury prevention programs in football have focused on strength training,proprioceptive training,multicomponent programs(balance,core stability,and functional strength and mobility),and warm-up ***:Based on results from the studies analyzed,football players can lower the incidence of match and training injuries by participating in dynamic warm-up programs that include preventive exercises before games or during training sessions,and by adding strength,balance,and mobility training to the training sessions.

关键词： Balance Core stability Injury prevention programs Soccer Warm-up

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Sinonasal Schwannoma: A Case Report and Updated Review of the Literature

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Open Journal of Medical Imaging 2015年第2期5卷 66-70页

作者： edwin A. Takahashi Nathan C. Hull Christopher J. Stevens Joseph M. Hoxworth Steven M. Weindling Christopher P. Wood Department of Radiology Mayo Clinic Rochester USA Department of Radiology Mayo Clinic Scottsdale USA Department of Radiology Mayo Clinic Jacksonville USA

Sinonasal schwannomas are rare, benign and slow-growing peripheral nerve sheath tumors without age, race, or gender predilection. We present the unusual case of a 59-year-old female who pre-sented with right-sided retro-orbital pressure and rhinorrhea. Radiographic imaging revealed a mass centered in the right superior nasal cavity with extension through the cribriform plate into the right more than the left subfrontal region. Biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of a sinonasal schwannoma, which was resected via nasal endoscopic surgery and ethmoidectomy. These tumors, albeit rare, should be considered in the differential diagnosis for patients presenting with a para-nasal sinus mass to ensure inclusion of this benign lesion and avoid unnecessary aggressive in-tervention.

关键词： Neurilemmoma Paranasal Sinus Sinonasal Tract Schwannoma

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Positron-Acoustic Shock Waves in a Degenerate Multi-Component Plasma

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Chinese Physics Letters 2015年第8期32卷 111-115页

作者： Shah M. g. Hossen M. R. Sultana S. Mamun A. A. Department of Physics Jahangirnagar University Savar Dhaka-1342 Bangladesh Department of Natural Sciences Daffodil International University Dhanmondi Dhaka-1207 Bangladesh

A theoretical investigation on the propagation of positron-acoustic shock waves （PASWs） in an unmagnetized, collisionless, dense plasma （containing non-relativistic inertial cold positrons, non-relativistic or ultra-relativistic degenerate electron and hot positron fluids and nondegenerate positively charged immobile ions） is carried out by employing the reductive perturbation method. The Burgers equation and its stationary shock wave solution are derived and numerically analyzed. It is observed that the relativistic effect （i.e., the presence of non/ultra- relativistic electrons and positrons） and the plasma particle number densities play vital roles in the propagation of PASWs. The implications of our results in space and interstellar compact objects including non-rotating white dwarfs, neutron stars, etc. are briefly discussed.

关键词： Positron-Acoustic Shock Waves in a Degenerate Multi-Component Plasma

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A large carbon sink induced by the implementation of the largest afforestation program on Earth

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Ecological Processes 2023年第1期12卷 598-607页

作者： Jiaojun Zhu Yirong Sun Xiao Zheng Kai Yang g.geoff Wang Chaozong Xia Tao Sun Jinxin Zhang Qingyuan Forest CERN CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and ManagementInstitute of Applied EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China Key Laboratory of Ecology and Management of Non-Commercial Forests Shenyang 110016LiaoningChina Department of Forestry and Environmental Conservation Clemson UniversityClemsonSC 29634-0317USA Academy of Forestry-grassland Inventory and Planning Beijing 100013China

Background Three-North Afforestation Program(TNAP)in China is the largest ecological restoration project on Earth(ongoing from 1978 to 2050),harboring a huge area of newly planted forests,which provides a wealth of goods and ecosystem services that benefit society at levels ranging from region to East *** project-induced carbon(C)sink has been expected to be large,but its size and location remain *** In this study,we investigated the changes in the C stocks of biomass,soil C and the C accumulation ben-efited from the ecological effects in the project areas from 1978 to 2017 within the Three-North regions(4.069×10^(6)km^(2)),and evaluated its project-induced C *** a combination of remote sensing images,field obser-vations and national forest inventory data,we estimated a total ecosystem sink of 47.06 Tg C per year(1 Tg=10^(12)g)increased by the TNAP ***,we first found that the C sink via the ecological effects of this project could contribute to a high proportion up to 15.94%,indicating a critical role of ecological effects in shaping the distribution of C stocks in the protective *** finding suggests that it is necessary to explicitly consider carbon sequestration benefited from the ecological effects when estimating C sink and parameterizing C models of the restoration projects in China and *** Our results update the estimates of C pools in the world’s largest ecological restoration project area,demonstrating that this project has substantially contributed to mitigating the climate change.

关键词： Three-North Afforestation Program Carbon sequestration Ecological restoration Carbon sequestration benefited from the ecological effects

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Novel strategies in glioblastoma surgery aim at safe, supra-maximum resection in conjunction with local therapies

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Chinese Journal of Cancer 2014年第1期33卷 8-15页

作者： John g.Wolbers Department of Neurosurgery Erasmus University Medical CentreRotterdam The Netherlands

The biggest challenge in neuro-oncology is the treatment of glioblastoma, which exhibits poor prognosis and is increasing in incidence in an increasing aging population. Diverse treatment strategies aim at maximum cytoreduction and ensuring good quality of life. We discuss multimodal neuronavigation, supra-maximum tumor resection, and the postoperative treatment gap. Multimodal neuronavigation allows the integration of preoperative anatomic and functional data with intraoperative information. This approach includes functional magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) and diffusion tensor imaging in preplanning and ultrasound, computed tomography(CT), MRI and direct(sub) cortical stimulation during surgery. The practice of awake craniotomy decreases postoperative neurologic deficits, and an extensive supra- maximum resection appears to be feasible, even in eloquent areas of the brain. Intraoperative MRI- and fluorescence-guided surgery assist in achieving this goal of supra-maximum resection and have been the subject of an increasing number of reports. Photodynamic therapy and local chemotherapy are properly positioned to bridge the gap between surgery and chemoradiotherapy. The photosensitizer used in fluorescence-guided surgery persists in the remaining peripheral tumor extensions. Additionally, blinded randomized clinical trials showed firm evidence of extra cytoreduction by local chemotherapy in the tumor cavity. The cutting-edge promise is gene therapy although both the delivery and efficacy of the numerous transgenes remain under investigation. Issues such as the choice of (cell) vector, the choice of therapeutic transgene, the optimal route of administration, and biosafety need to be addressed in a systematic way. In this selective review, we present various evidence and promises to improve survival of glioblastoma patients by supra-maximum cytoreduction via local procedures while minimizing the risk of new neurologic deficit.

关键词：手术过程局部治疗生物安全母细胞功能性磁共振成像胶质计算机断层扫描神经功能

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Single-atom catalysts with anionic metal centers: Promising electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction and beyond

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2021年第12期30卷 285-293,I0006页

作者： Jinxing gu Yinghe Zhao Shiru Lin Jingsong Huang Carlos R.Cabrera Bobby g.Sumpter Zhongfang Chen Department of Chemistry University of Puerto Rico.Rio Piedras Campus.San Juan.Puerto Rico 00931USA Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTennessee 37831USA Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry The University of Texas at El PasoEl PasoTexas 79968USA

Ongoing efforts to develop single-atom catalysts(SACs) for the oxygen reduction reaction(ORR) typically focus on SACs with cationic metal centers,while SACs with anionic metal centers(anionic SACs) have been generally ***,anionic SACs may offer excellent active sites for ORR,since anionic metal centers could facilitate the activation of O_(2) by back donating electrons to the antibonding orbitals of O_(2).In this work,we propose a simple guideline for designing anionic SACs:the metal centers should have larger electronegativity than the surrounding atoms in the substrate on which the metal atoms are *** means of density functional theory(DFT) simulations,we identified 13 anionic metal centers(Co,Ni,Cu,Ru,Rh,Pd,Ag,Re,Os,Ir,Pt,Au,and Hg) dispersed on pristine or defective antimonene substrates as new anionic SACs,among which anionic Au and Co metal centers exhibit limiting potentials comparable to,or even better than,conventional Pt-based catalysts towards *** also found that anionic Os and Re metal centers on the defective antimonene can electrochemically catalyze the nitrogen reduction reaction(NRR) with a limiting potential close to that of stepped Ru(0001).Overall,our work shows promise towards the rational design of anionic SACs and their utility for applications as electrocatalysts for ORR and other important electrochemical reactions.

关键词： Single-atom catalysts Anionic metal centers Antimonene Oxygen reduction reaction Nitrogen reduction reaction

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Active learning of deep surrogates for PDEs:application to metasurface design

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npj Computational Materials 2020年第1期6卷 312-318页

作者： Raphaël Pestourie Youssef Mroueh Thanh V.Nguyen Payel Das Steven g.Johnson Department of Mathematics Massachusetts Institute of Technology77 Massachusetts AveCambridgeMA 02139USA IBM Research AI IBM Thomas J Watson Research CenterYorktown HeightsYorktownNY 10598USA MIT-IBM Watson AI Lab CambridgeMA 02139USA Iowa State University AmesIA 50011USA

Surrogate models for partial differential equations are widely used in the design of metamaterials to rapidly evaluate the behavior of composable ***,the training cost of accurate surrogates by machine learning can rapidly increase with the number of *** photonic-device models,we find that this training becomes especially challenging as design regions grow larger than the optical *** present an active-learning algorithm that reduces the number of simulations required by more than an order of magnitude for an NN surrogate model of optical-surface components compared to uniform random *** show that the surrogate evaluation is over two orders of magnitude faster than a direct solve,and we demonstrate how this can be exploited to accelerate large-scale engineering optimization.

关键词： optimization surrogate faster

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