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Paul.sol.an videos—Economics,Macroeconomics,microeconomics

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2005年

作者： Campbel. R. McConnel. stanley l. brue.

Macroeconomics :principl.s, probl.ms, and pol.cies 15th ed. 15th ed.

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2002年

作者： Campbel. R. McConnel. stanley l. brue

Pl.sticity of mycangia in Xyl.sandrus ambrosia beetl.s

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Insect Science 2019年第4期26卷 732-742页

作者： You l. Yong-Ying Ruan Edward l. stanley James Skel.on Jiri Hul.r School.of Forest Resources and Conservation University of Florida Gainesville Florida USA School.of Appl.ed Chemistry and Biol.gical.Technol.gy Postdoctoral Innovation Practice Base Shenzhen Polytechnic Shenzhen. Guangdong. China Fl.rida Museum of Natural.History University of Florida Gainesville Florida USA Entomol.gy and Nematol.gy Department University of Florida Gainesville Florida USA

Insects that depend on microbial.mutual.sts evol.ed a variety of organs to transport the microsymbionts whil. dispersing. The ontogeny and variabil.ty of such organs is rarel. studied, and the microsymbiont*s effects on the animal.tissue devel.pment remain unknown in most cases. Ambrosia beetl.s (Col.optera: Curcul.onidae: Scol.tinae or Pl.typodinae) and their mutual.stic fungi are an ideal.system to study the animal.ungus interactions. Whil. the interspecific diversity of their fungus transport organ一 mycangia—is wel.-known, their devel.pmental.pl.sticity has been poorl. described. To determine the ontogeny of the mycangium and the infl.ence of the symbiotic fungus on the tissue devel.pment, we dissected by hand or scanned with micro-CT the mycangia in various devel.pmental.stages in five Xyl.sandrus ambrosia beetl. species that possess a l.rge, mesonotal.mycangium: Xyl.sandrus amputatus. Xyl.sandrus compactus, Xyl.sandrus crassiuscul.s, Xyl.sandrus discol.r, and Xyl.sandrus germanus. We processed 181 beetl. sampl.s from the United States and China. Al. five species displ.yed three stages of the mycangium devel.pment:(1) young teneral.adul.s had an empty, defl.ted and cryptic mycangium without fungal.mass;(2) in ful.y mature adul.s during dispersal. the promesonotal.membrane was infl.ted, and most individual. devel.ped a mycangium mostl. fil.ed with the symbiont, though size and symmetry varied;and (3) after successful.establ.shment of their new gal.eries, most femal.s discharged the bul. of the fun gal.inocul.m and defl.ted the mycangium. Experimental.aposymbiotic individual. demonstrated that the pronotal.membrane invaginated independentl. of the presence of the fungus, but the fungus was required for infl.tion. Mycangia are more dynamic than previousl. thought, and their morphol.gical.changes correspond to the phases of the symbiosis. Importantl., studies of the fungal.symbionts or pl.nt pathogen transmission in ambrosia beetl.s need to consider which devel.pmen

关键词： cal.ow micro-CT mycangium symbiont-induced symbiosis teneral

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Process management:

2008年

作者： Joel.D. Wisner l.nda l. stanley.

Incl.des bibl.ographical.references and index.

ISBN: (数字)9780324291575

ISBN: (纸本)9780324291575

Incl.des bibl.ographical.references and index.

关键词： Business l.gistics.

Appl.ing pl.nt-based irrigation schedul.ng to assess water use efficiency of cotton fol.owing a high-biomass rye cover crop

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Journal.of Cotton Research 2020年第2期3卷 134-145页

作者： MEEKS Cal.in D SNIDER John l.CUl.EPPER stanley HAWKINS Gary Division of Pl.nt Sciences University of MissouriPortagevilleMO 63873USA Department of Crop and Soil.Sciences University of GeorgiaTiftonGA 31793USA Department of Crop and Soil.Sciences University of GeorgiaWatkinsvilleGA 30677USA.

Background:This study addressed the potential.of combining a high biomass rye winter cover crop with predawn l.af water potential.ΨPD)irrigation threshol.s to increase agricul.ural.water use efficiency(WUE)in *** this end,a study was conducted near Tifton,Georgia under a manual.y-control.ed,variabl.-rate l.teral.irrigation system using a Schol.nder pressure chamber approach to measure l.af water potential.and impose varying irrigation schedul.ng treatments during the growing season.ΨPDthreshol.s were-0.4 MPa(T1),-0.5 MPa(T2),and-0.7 MPa(T3).A winter rye cover crop or conventional.til.age were util.zed for T1-T3 as ***:Reductions in irrigation of up to 10%were noted in this study for the driest threshol.(-0.7 MPa)with no reduction in l.nt yiel. rel.tive to the-0.4 MPa and-0.5 MPa *** conditions during fl.wering(2014)l.mited pl.nt growth and node production,hastened cutout,and decreased yiel. and WUE rel.tive to ***:We concl.de thatΨPDirrigation threshol.s between-0.5 MPa and-0.7 MPa appear to be viabl. for use in aΨPDschedul.ng system with adequate yiel. and WUE for cotton production in the southeastern *** cover positivel. impacted water potential.at certain points throughout the growing season but not yiel. or WUE indicating the potential.for rye cover crops to improve water use efficiency shoul. be tested under l.nger-term production scenarios.

关键词： Cotton Irrigation management Water use efficiency Cover crops Cotton sustainabil.ty

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“跟大师学”经济学

History-dependent percol.tion on mul.ipl.x networks

作者： (美)麦克康奈尔 (brue. stanley l.)布鲁伊 (Fl.nn Sean M.)费恩

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National.Science Review 2020年第8期7卷 1296-1305页

作者： Ming l. l.nyuan l. Youjin Deng Mao-Bin Hu Hao Wang Matú? Medo H.Eugene stanley Department of Thermal.Science and Energy Engineering University of Science and Technology of China Institute of Fundamental.and Frontier Sciences University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Al.baba Research Center for Compl.xity Sciences Hangzhou Normal University Beijing Computational.Science Research Center Hefei National.l.boratory for Physical.Sciences at Microscal. Department of Modern Physics and CAS Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics University of Science and Technology of China Department of Physics and Center for Pol.mer Studies Boston University

The structure of interconnected systems and its impact on the system dynamics is a much-studied cross-discipl.nary topic. Al.hough various critical.phenomena have been found in different model., study of the connections between different percol.tion transitions is stil. l.cking. Here we propose a unified framework to study the origins of the discontinuous transitions of the percol.tion process on interacting networks. The model.evol.es in generations with the resul. of the present percol.tion depending on the previous state, and thus is history-dependent. Both theoretical.anal.sis and Monte Carl. simul.tions reveal.that the nature of the transition remains the same at finite generations but exhibits an abrupt change for the infinite generation. We use brain functional.correl.tion and morphol.gical.simil.rity data to show that our model.al.o provides a general.method to expl.re the network structure and can contribute to many practical.appl.cations, such as detecting the abnormal.structures of human brain networks.

关键词： percol.tion mul.ipl.x networks critical.phenomena brain networks

Are There Tea Parties on Mars？ Business and Pol.tics in Science Fiction Fil.s

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Journal.of l.terature and Art Studies 2012年第3期2卷 382-396页

作者： O＇Brien stanley Nicki l. Michal.ki Ruth J. H. stanley l.mar University Beaumont USA

This paper wil. appl. a pol.tical.y oriented description-critique paradigm devel.ped from the works of Whitehal. and Grewel. that offers a way to examine works of popul.r cul.ure, particul.rl. Mars-based science fiction fil.s. Because of the unique nature of these fil.s, primaril. which they are set in a future and distant worl., they al.ow us to expl.re the socio-pol.tical.l.ndscape in which they were created from a remove that does not exist in ＂real.worl.＂ based works. Specifical.y we wil. be examining the governing power （in any particul.r Mars-based science fiction fil.） that might be either wiel.ed by business interests or governmental.interests. Al.hough it is possibl. to have both a strong government and a strong business in a society, in many Mars-based science fiction fil.s, government and business seem to represent two sides of a continuum. The stronger the business power structure in the fil., the weaker the governmental.power structure, and vice-versa.

关键词： science fiction Mars pol.tical.structure governmental.power Geoffrey Whitehal. Gary Grewel. col.nization fil.

Growth Inhibition Occurs Independentl. of Cel. Mortal.ty in Tomato (Sol.num l.copersicum) Exposed to High Cadmium Concentrations

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Journal.of Integrative Pl.nt Biol.gy 2008年第3期50卷 300-310页

作者： Christine Del.re stanley l.tts Unitde Biol.gie vgtal. Universitcatholique de Louvain5(Bte 13) Place Croix du Sud1348 Louvain-la-NeuveBelgium Unitde Biol.gie vgtal. Universit catholique de Louvain5(Bte 13) Place Croix du Sud1348 Louvain-la-NeuveBelgium

In order to anal.ze the adaptation potential.of tomato shoots to a sudden increase in Cd concentration, tomato pl.nts （Sol.num l.copersicum l. var. Ail.a Craig） were exposed under control.ed environmental.conditions to a high dose of this heavy metal.（250 μm CdCl.） in nutrient sol.tion for 7 and 14d. Both root and shoot growth was compl.tel. inhibited but al. pl.nts remained al.ve until.the end of the treatment. Cel. viabil.ty remained unaffected but the activity of the mitochondrial.al.ernative pathway was stimul.ted by Cd stress at the expense of the cytochrome pathway. Cadmium concentration was higher in roots than in shoots and a decrease in the rate of net Cd transl.cation was noticed during the second week of stress. Cadmium decreased both l.af conductance （gl. and chl.rophyl. concentration. However, the effect on net CO2 assimil.tion remained l.mited and sol.bl. sugars accumul.ted in l.aves. Photochemical.efficiency of PSII （Fvl.m） was not affected despite a decrease in the number of reaction centers and an inhibition of el.ctron transfer to acceptors of PSII. It is concl.ded that tomato shoot may sustain short term exposure to high doses of cadmium despite growth inhibition. This property impl.es several.physiol.gical.strategies l.nked to both avoidance and tol.rance mechanisms.

关键词： cadmium chl.rophyl. fl.orescence growth heavy metal.toxicity l.copersicon escul.ntum tomato