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Current view and perspectives in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Neural Regeneration Research 2017年第2期12卷 181-184页

作者： stéphane Mathis Philippe Couratier Adrien Julian Philippe Corcia Gwendal Le Masson Department of Neurology Neuro-Muscular Unit and ALS Center CHU de Bordeaux (groupe hospitalier Pellegrin) Bordeaux cedex France Department of Neurology ALS Center Centre de competence SLA-federation Tours-Limoges CHU de Limoges Limoges France Department of Neurology CHU Poitiers University of Poitiers Poitiers France Department of Neurology ALS Center Centre de competence SLA-federation Tours-Limoges CHU de Tours Tours cedex 9 France

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis（ALS）, identified as a distinct clinical entity by Charcot since the end of the nineteenth century, is a devastating and fatal neurodegenerative disorder that affects motor neurons in the brain, brainstem and spinal cord. Survival of patients with ALS is associated with several factors such as clinical phenotype, age at onset, gender, early presence of respiratory failure, weight loss and treatment with Riluzole（the only disease-modifying drug approved for this disease）. Nowadays, there is still no curative treatment for ALS： palliative care and symptomatic treatment are therefore essential components in the management of these patients. Nevertheless, the scientific knowledge in the field of ALS motor neuron degeneration is growing, with the prospect of new treatments. Based on this physiopathological knowledge, several new therapeutic targets are being studied, involving various mechanisms such as excitotoxicity, neuroinflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, RNA metabolism and other attractive concepts. Moreover, it is also important to identify reliable biomarkers that will be essential components for future therapeutic development and study design in ALS. In this review, we present the main recent advances and promising therapeutics and biomarkers in the field of ALS.

关键词： amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Charcot biomarkers research motor neuron neurodegeneration

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Development of an in Vitro Assay to Evaluate the Biological Impact of 5G Technology on Human Skin—Shield Effect of a Tannin-Rich Plant Extract

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Journal of Cosmetics, Dermatological Sciences and Applications 2022年第2期12卷 100-108页

作者： Katharina Kappler Franziska Wandrey Jean-Eric Branka stéphane Poigny Fred Zülli Mibelle Group Biochemistry Mibelle AG Buchs Switzerland Ephyscience Nantes France

Background: The new 5G telecommunication technology has stirred concerns about potential negative effects on human health by radiofrequency electromagnetic fields. As to whether skin biology can be affected by 5G waves has remained an unsolved challenge despite recent studies dealing with this issue. In particular, a strategy for rational design of an assay allowing to 1) reproducibly evaluate and decipher the 5G effects on skin as well as 2) test the potential protective effects of cosmetic active ingredients, has yet to be found. Here we describe an in vitro model of human normal keratinocytes irradiated by 5G waves and show their impact on two biomarkers of inflammatory stress, i.e. interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. In addition, the capacity of a tannin-rich plant extract to protect against 5G impact is evaluated. Materials and Methods: In the first series of experiments, monolayers of human normal keratinocytes were irradiated or not (control) by 5G waves (3.5 MHz) in an anechoic chamber and were incubated at 37˚C for 24 hours. At the end of the incubation period, extracellular IL-1β and intracellular ROS were quantified using specific ELISA and colorimetric assays, respectively. In the second series of experiments, the effect of an overnight pre-incubation with increasing concentrations of a tannin-rich plant extract was evaluated. Additionally, we studied in a prospective way the expression of a set of 88 genes selected for their relevance to keratinocyte homeostasis, in relation to the 5G challenge as well as the protective effect of a tannin-rich plant extract. Results: 5G waves significantly increased IL-1β production by 48.4% (p β and ROS production. Finally, the expression of 47 genes was modified by 5G waves and/or by the tannin-rich plant extract. Conclusion: This is to our knowledge the first evaluation of the impact of 5G technology on inflammatory biomarkers of human normal skin cells. Here we provide an innova

关键词： 5G waves Human Normal Keratinocytes Inflammation ROS Interleukin-1 mRNA

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Machine Learning for heat radiation modeling of bi-and polydisperse particle systems including walls

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Particuology 2023年第3期74卷 119-140页

作者： Josef Tausendschön Gero stöckl stefan Radl Institute of Process and Particle Engineering Graz University of TechnologyInffeldgasse 13/III8010GrazAustria

We investigated the ability of four popular Machine Learning methods i.e.,Deep Neural Networks(DNNs),Random Forest-based regressors(RFRs),Extreme Gradient Boosting-based regressors(XGBs),and stacked ensembles of DNNs,to model the radiative heat transfer based on view factors in bi-and polydisperse particle beds including *** training and analyzing the predictive capability of each method,an adjustment of markers used in monodisperse systems,as well as an evaluation of new markers was *** the basis of our dataset that considers a wide range of particle radii ratios,system sizes,particle volume fractions,as well as different particle-species volume fractions,we found that(i)the addition of particle size information allows the transition from monodisperse to bi-and polydisperse beds,and(ii)the addition of particle volume fraction information as the fourth marker leads to very accurate *** terms of the overall performance,DNNs and RFRs should be preferred compared to the other two *** particle-particle view factors,DNN and RFR are on par,while for particle-wall the RFR is *** demonstrate that DNNs and RFRs can be built to meet or even exceed the prediction quality standards achieved in a monodisperse system.

关键词： Discrete element method(DEM) Heat radiation modeling Machine learning View factors Wall radiation Polydisperse particles

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3D finite element analysis of a two-surface wear model in fretting tests

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摩擦:英文版 2023年第12期11卷 2278-2296页

作者： stéphanie BASSEVILLE Djamel MISSOUM-BENZIANE Georges CAILLETAUD Universitéde Versailles Saint-Quentin Versailles 78000France MINES Paristech PSL Research UniversityMATCentre des MatériauxCNRS UMR 7633Evry Cedex BP 8791003France

This article aims at developing a computationally efficient framework to simulate the erosion of two contact surfaces in three-dimensional(3D),depending on the body *** framework involves finite element(FE)resolution of a fretting problem,wear computation via a non-local criterion including a wear distribution parameter(WDP),as well as updating of the geometry and automatic *** originality is based on the capability to capture the damage on each surface and obtain local and global results for a quantitative and qualitative *** simulations are carried out for two 3D contact specimens with different values of *** results highlight the importance of correctly modelling wear:One-surface wear model is sufficient from a global point of view(wear volume),or whenever the wear resistance for a body is much higher than that of another one,whereas a 3D two-surface wear model is essential to capturing local effects(contact pressure,wear footprint,etc.)related to the difference in wear resistance of the bodies.

关键词： three-dimensional(3D)finite element(FE)simulations fretting two-surface wear model titanium alloys

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全体积R7T7型参考玻璃固化体裂隙初步研究

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原子能科学技术 2010年第8期44卷 948-952页

作者：张华 GIN stéphane 中国原子能科学研究院放射化学研究所北京102413 法国原子能委员会马库尔研究中心

为从微观角度研究裂隙对玻璃固化体腐蚀影响,引入体视学方法对玻璃体裂隙进行了裂隙分布、腐蚀程度等初步研究。采用扫描电镜对结束1147d静态浸出实验后的全体积R7T7型参考玻璃的部分样品进行分析。根据分析得到的二维参数,通过体视学... 详细信息

为从微观角度研究裂隙对玻璃固化体腐蚀影响,引入体视学方法对玻璃体裂隙进行了裂隙分布、腐蚀程度等初步研究。采用扫描电镜对结束1147d静态浸出实验后的全体积R7T7型参考玻璃的部分样品进行分析。根据分析得到的二维参数,通过体视学方法计算得到全体积玻璃体的裂隙率FR为41±13,腐蚀量为(3.88±1.20)×10-4m3,约占玻璃体参与水相腐蚀反应总体积的(0.28±0.09)%。分析还发现,裂隙腐蚀产物厚度小于10μm的裂隙占裂隙总数的80%,这些裂隙导致的腐蚀仅占总腐蚀表面积的30%;同时,腐蚀产物厚度大于10μm的裂隙对样品总腐蚀表面积贡献了70%。

关键词：玻璃固化体腐蚀体视学方法裂隙

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Monitoring Forest Recovery in Protected Forests of Northern Côte d’Ivoire Using Landsat Imagery and Intensity Change Analysis

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Advances in Remote Sensing 2022年第2期11卷 17-37页

作者： N’Guessan Simon Andon Avy stéphane Koffi Farid Traoré Patrick N’Gatta Department of Geography Université Peleforo GON COULIBALY Korhogo C&ocirc te d’Ivoire Department of Geosciences Université Peleforo GON COULIBALY Korhogo C&ocirc te d’Ivoire Institut de l’Environnement et de Recherches Agricoles Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

In this paper, the initiatives of reforestation of the national forests of the North of the Côte d’Ivoire were examined using geomatics and the analysis of change of intensity by taking the case of the protected Forest of Badénou (PFB). A spatial analysis based on multi-spectral and multi-temporal Landsat imagery was carried out to assess land cover changes in the (PFB) over the past two decades and determine whether patterns of change in terms of the intensity of gains/losses of each of the land cover classes were active or dormant between the period before (2000-2013) and after (2013-2019) the reforestation initiative. Five main classes were identified: forest (dry deciduous and gallery forests), tree savannah, shrub/grassy savannah (including agricultural lands), bare lands (bare soils and degraded land areas), and water course. All classes were satisfactorily classified, with an excellent producer’s and user’s and overall accuracies and very good Kappa coefficients. The results showed that between 2000 and 2019, the forest cover in the PFB increased from 7778 ha to 5054 ha, a decrease was marked between 2000 and 2013 of approximately 60% compared to its size in 2000, while a slight increase between 2013 and 2019 (4645 ha to 5054 ha) i.e. around 9%) certainly due to the reforestation since 2016. As for the annual intensities of change for each class in both study periods, changes (gain or loss) in forest and tree savanna were relatively dormant after reforestation, while annual bare land gain was relatively active and marked, indicating that degradation of forests remains a threat to the sustainability of the PFB. Forest degradation has occurred mainly in the eastern parts of the PFB, while the central parts have regained more tree cover. These results can help identify conservation and restoration priorities and improve the overall management of the PFB.

关键词： Forest Degradation Reforestation Forest Cover Monitoring Intensity Change Analysis Desertification

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Ultrafast antiferromagnet rearrangement in Co/IrMn/CoGd trilayers

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Chinese Physics B 2023年第8期32卷 109-114页

作者：郭宗夏 Gregory Malinowski Pierre Vallobra 彭懿许涌 stéphane Mangin 赵巍胜 Michel Hehn 张博宇 Fert Beijing Institute School of Integrated Science and EngineeringBeihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Universitéde Lorraine CNRSIJLNancy54011 France Hefei Innovation Research Institute Beihang UniversityHefei 230012China

Antiferromagnets offer great potential for high-speed data processing applications,as they can expend spintronic devices from a static storage and gigahertz frequency range to the terahertz ***,their zero net magnetization makes them difficult to manipulate and *** recent years,there has been a lot of attention given to the ultrafast manipulation of magnetic order using ultra-short single laser pulses,but it remains unknown whether a similar scenario can be observed in *** this work,we demonstrate the manipulation of antiferromagnets with a single femtosecond laser pulse in perpendicular exchange-biased Co/Ir Mn/Co Gd *** study the dual exchange bias interlayer interaction in quasi-static conditions and competition in ultrafast antiferromagnet *** results show that,compared to conventional ferromagnetic/antiferromagnetic systems,the Ir Mn antiferromagnet can be ultrafast and efficiently manipulated by the coupled Co Gd ferrimagnetic layer,which paves the way for potential energy-efficient spintronic devices.

关键词： antiferromagnet ferrimagnet exchange bias all-optical switching

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Achievable secrecy rate of bit-interleaved coded modulation schemes

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Journal of Modern Transportation 2012年第4期20卷 243-248页

作者： Weichen XIANG stéphane Le Goff Zhiguo DING School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Newcastle University

We study the impact of various modulation mapping strategies and signal constellation shapes on the se- crecy rates achievable with bit-interleaved coded modulation （BICM） schemes. Transmission over an ergodic Rayleigh fading channel is assumed throughout this work. Various constellations and mapping techniques are considered in this work to maximize the capacity difference between the main channel and the eavesdropper channel, rather than to opti- mize the capacity of both channels. We show that in terms of achievable secrecy rate, Gray and Quasi-Gray mappings only perform Well at low SNR but outperformed by other mapping techniques when SNR increases. The proper design of signal mapping can significantly enhance the achievable secrecy rate in BICM schemes. It is indicated that the key parameter to the secrecy rate of a BICM system is the distance spectrum of Euclidean distances for mappings.

关键词： secrecy capacity mapping ergodic fading channel bit-interleaved coded modulation

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Reconstruction of hollow areas in density profiles from frequency swept reflectometry

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Plasma Science and Technology 2020年第6期22卷 32-40页

作者： Rennan B MORALES stéphane HEURAUX Roland SABOT Sébastien HACQUIN Frédéric CLAIRET the Tore Supra Team United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority Culham Centre for Fusion EnergyCulham Science CentreAbingdonOxonOX143DBUnited Kingdom IJL UMR CNRSUniversity of LorraineBP50840NancyF-54011France Institute of Physics University of Sao PauloSao Paulo 05315-970Brazil IRFM CEACadaracheF-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-DuranceFrance EUROfusion Programme Management Unit Culham Science CentreCulham OX143DBUnited Kingdom

The standard density profile reconstruction techniques are based on the WKB approximation of the probing wave’s phase,making them unable to properly reconstruct blind areas in the cut-off frequency *** reconstruction suffers a significant immediate error that is not rapidly *** is demonstrated that even though no reflections occur inside the hollow region causing the blind area,the higher probing frequencies that propagate through it carry information that can be used to estimate its *** usually ignored full-wave effects were investigated with the use of full-wave simulations in 1 D,with special attention paid to the frequency band where they are dominant.A database of perturbation signals was simulated onfive-dimensions of parameters and an application of the database inversion was demonstrated for a magnetic island in a Tore Supra *** new adapted reconstruction scheme improved the description of the density profile inside the hollow region and also along 10 cm after it.

关键词： FM-CW reflectometry profile reconstruction reflectometry density profile hollow profile blind area

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Rathbun syndrome(hypophosphatasia)due to the heterozygous variant c.297+5G>A in alkaline phosphatase with unusual phenotype

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Chinese Medical Journal 2022年第3期135卷 377-378页

作者： Josef Finsterer Claudia stöllberger Department of Neurology Klinik LandstrasseMesserli InstituteViennaAustria nd Medical Department with Cardiology and Intensive Care Medicine Klinik LandstrasseViennaAustria

To the Editor:Hypophosphatasia(HPP)is a musculoskeletal inborn error-of-metabolism caused by variants in alkaline phosphatase(ALPL)with reduced activity of the serum tissue-non-specific alkaline phosphatase,[1]which is predominantly expressed in brain,muscle,bones,liver,and kidneys.[2]Accordingly,HPP is a multi-system disorder affecting bones and more rarely extra-osseus organs.[2]Osseus features of HPP include decreased bone quality,osteoid accumulations,reduced bone-mineralization,increased incidence of fractures,premature closure of sutures,bone deformities,dwarfism,Bechterew disease,early loss of teeth,intracranial hypertension,and prolonged bone healing.[1]Extra-osseous features of HPP include seizures,[3]myopathy,[2]hepatopathy,and renal *** responds favorably to enzyme replacement therapy with asfotase-α.[1]

关键词： metabolism healing organs

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