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Spatial variability of soil hydraulic and physical properties in erosive sloping agricultural fields

Water Science and Engineering 2023年第1期16卷 57-66页

作者： Deepak Singh Alok Kumar Mishra sridhar patra Sankar Mariappan Nisha Singh Saswat Kumar Kar ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil and Water Conservation Dehradun 248195India Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture Technology and SciencesPrayagraj 211007India Hemvati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal University Srinagar(Garhwal)246174India

It is essential to minimize soil quality degradation in sloping agricultural fields through stabilization and improvement of soil hydraulic properties using sustainable soil *** study aimed to analyze the impact of different tillage practices,including conventional tillage(CT),minimum tillage(MT),and zero tillage(ZT),on soil hydraulic conductivity in a sloping agricultural field under maizeewheat *** results showed that the highest runoff volume(257.40 m3),runoff coefficient(42.84%),and soil loss(11.3 t)were observed when the CT treatment was *** contrast,the lowest runoff volume(67.95 m3),runoff coefficient(11.35%),and soil loss(1.05 t)were observed when the ZT treatment was *** soil organic carbon and aggregate mean weight diameter were found to be significantly greater(with mean values of 0.79%and 1.19 mm,respectively)with the ZT treatment than with the CT *** the tilled treatments(CT and MT),substantial changes in the saturated soil hydraulic conductivity(ks),near-saturated soil hydraulic conductivity(k),and water-conducting porosity(ε)were observed between two crop *** three soil parameters were significantly higher in the period after maize harvesting than in the wheat growing *** contrast,no significant difference in these soil parameters was found when the untilled treatment(ZT)was carried *** regard to the slope positions,ks,k,andεshowed different behaviors under different *** toe slope position showed significantly lower ks andεvalues than the summit and middle slope *** the evaluated tillage practices,ZT was found to be the most promising means to improve the soil hydro-physical properties and effectively reduce surface runoff and soil erosion.

关键词： Hydraulic conductivity Macropore Conservation tillage Spatiotemporal variability Soil erosion

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Near-saturated soil hydraulic conductivity and pore characteristics as influenced by conventional and conservation tillage practices in North-West Himalayan region,India

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2021年第2期9卷 249-259页

作者： Deepak Singh Alok Kumar Mishra sridhar patra Sankar Mariappan Nisha Singh ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil and Water Conservation Dehradun248195UttarakhandIndia Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture Technology and SciencesPrayagraj211007U.PIndia Hemvati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal University(A Central University) Srinagar(Garhwal)246174UttarakhandIndia

Tillage plays an important role in modifying soil hydraulic *** objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of conservation tillage practices in a maize-wheat cropping system on nearsaturated soil hydraulic properties and pore characteristics in the North-West Himalayan region,*** treatments *** tillage(CT),minimum tillage(MT),and zero tillage(ZT)were evaluated in terms of field saturated hydraulic conductivity(ks),unsaturated hydraulic conductivity k(h),the inverse of capillary length(a),flow-weighted mean pore radius(r0),numbers of pores per square meter(n0)and water-conducting macroporosity(Ɛ).The above hydraulic conductivity and pore characteristics were derived from steady-state water flux(q)measured using hood infiltrometer at 0,1,and3 cm pressure head for each treatment after seven years of establishment of this tillage *** revealed significantly(p0.50 mm conducted about 63.60,68.01,and 75.97%of total flow(at 0 cm pressure head)in the corresponding water-conducting macroporosity of 0.00030,0.00044,and 0.00069%of soil volume under CT,MT,and ZT,***,zero-tillage based agriculture system was found to improve near-saturated soil hydraulic properties.

关键词： Near-saturated hydraulic conductivity Macropores Tillage Flow weighted mean pore radius Water-conducting macroporosity

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Effect of geojute technique on density,diversity and carbon stock of plant species in landslide site of North West Himalaya

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Journal of Mountain Science 2018年第9期15卷 1961-1971页

作者： Harsh MEHTA Raj KUMAR M Ayub DAR GP JUYAL sridhar patra Sneha DOBHAL AC RATHORE Rajesh KAUSHAL PK MISHRA ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil and Water Conservation 218Kaulagrh RoadDehradun-248195UttarakhandIndia ICAR-Central Soil Salinity Research Institute Karnal-132001HaryanaIndia United Nations University-Institute for Integrated Management of Material Fluxes and ofResources(UNU-FLORES) Ammonstrasse 74Dresden-01067Germany VCSG Uttarakhand University of Horticulture and Forestry College of ForestryRanichauri-249 199UttarakhandIndia

Mountainous regions of the globe experience landslides due to heavy rainfall and unplanned construction on slopes. Geojute is adopted globally as a landslide rehabilitation measure, but its impact on natural vegetation development is poorly understood. The present study was conducted to examine the impact of geojute application on vegetation restoration, ecology and carbon stock in a recently occurred landslide, during 2012. The results revealed that the geojute application improved the richness, diversity, density and basal area of plant species at the landslide site. Likewise, biomass production, carbon stock and carbon sequestration of plant species was observed significantly higher in geojute treatments compared to control(without geojute treatment). Moreover, significant improvement in soil moisture was recorded beneath the geojute treatments. Further, results showed that the geojute is highly effective in controlling soil erosion at the landslide site. The findings of this study revealed ecological and environmental benefits of geojute application in term of improvement in vegetation recovery processes, species diversity and carbon sequestration at the landslide site. The scientific outcome of this study can be helpful for planning the rehabilitation measures in landslide affected regions of the globe.

关键词：植物种类山崩地点密度存货碳西方北方

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