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tuning the properties of confined water in standard and lybrid nanotubes： An infrared spectroscopic study

Nano Research 2018年第9期11卷 4759-4773页

作者： Yuanyuan Liao Pierre Picot Maxime Laine Jean-Blaise Brubach Pascale roy Antoine Thill sophie Le Caer LIONS NIMBE UMR 3685 CEA CNRS Universite Paris-Saclay CEA Saclay Bt. 546 F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex France Synchrotron SOLEIL AILES Beamline L'Orme des Mefisier Saint-Aubin BP 48 F-91192 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex France

Imogolite is a natural nanotubular aluminum silicate clay mineral found in volcanic soils. Its well-defined, tunable structure makes it a good candidate for studying water confinement in a one-dimensional （1D） structure. Water confinement in self-sustaining imogolite thin films was studied using infrared spectroscopy. Two types of synthetic imogolites were investigated： pristine imogolite （IMO-OH） with a hydrophilic inner surface covered with Si-OH groups and hybrid imogolite （IMO-CH3） with a hydrophobic inner surface covered with Si-CH3 groups. Both imogolites have an outer surface that is covered with Al-OH groups. Infrared spectra were recorded in the 20-4,000 cm^-1 spectral range as a function of relative humidity. Analysis of the O-H stretching band provides information on the H bonding of confined water molecules inside and outside the IMO-OH tubes. The scenario for water filling as a function of relative humidity is determined for both systems. Adsorption begins in the IMO-OH tubes at the lowest relative humidity （〈 10%）. The inner surface of the tubes is first covered with water molecules; then, the central part of the tubes is filled, leading to very strong H bonds and a structured spectrum. In contrast, the H bonds of water adsorbed on the outer surfaces of these tubes are weaker. A different scenario is observed for water inside IMO-CH3： Weakly H-bonded water molecules are present, similar to that observed in carbon nanotubes. Water confinement in imogolites is governed by the hydrophilicity of the inner walls. At similar partial pressures, the degree of H bonding depends on the interactions between water and the nanotube wall.

关键词： imogolite nanotubes confinement infrared spectroscopy water isotherms hydrophilic hydrophobic

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Discovery of Potent, Selective and Reversible Caspase-3 Inhibitors

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合成化学 2004年第Z1期12卷 13-13页

作者： André Giroux John Colucci Christopher I. Bayly Daniel J. Mckay sophie roy Steve Xanthoudakis John Vaillancourt Dita M. Rasper John Tam Paul Tawa Donald W. Nicholson Robert J. Zamboni Department of Medicinal Chemistry Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Merck Frosst Centre for Therapeutic Research Merck Frosst Canada & Co. P.O. Box 1005 Pointe-Claire-DorvalQuebec Canada H9R 4P8

Recent studies towards understanding the molecular mechanisms of apoptosis have revealed the importance of a group of cysteinyl aspartate specific proteases, the caspases, in the programmed cell death process (Hengartner, M.O. Nature 2000, 407, 770). Caspase-3, in particular,has been characterized as the dominant effector caspase involved in the proteolytic cleavage of a variety of protein substrates including cytoskeletal proteins, kinases and DNA repair enzymes during apoptosis (Nicholson, D. W. Cell Death Differ. 1999, 6, 1028). The development of potent and selective caspase-3 inhibitors has thus emerged as an attractive therapeutic target. In the presentation,the identification of a series of potent, selective and reversible non-peptidyl caspase-3 inhibitors containing a pyrazinone core (1) will be presented. SAR optimization at R1, R2, R3 and R4 led to the discovery of inhibitors such as 2 with excellent in vitro activities (IC50 against rh-caspase-3: 5 nM; IC50 against camptothecin induced apoptotic cell death in NT2 cells: 20 nM). Compounds such as 2 also displayed excellent in vivo activities in a number of animal models of acute injuries (see: Methot, N. et al, J. Exp. Med. 2004, 119, 199; Toulmond, S. et al, British J. Pharm. 2004, 141,689; Holtzman,D.M. et al, JBC, 2002, 277, 30128), and selected examples will be discussed during the presentation.

关键词： programmed cell death cytoskeletal proteins molecular mechanisms identification of animal models DNA repair in vitro

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Why Is Case Management Effective? A Realist Evaluation of Case Management for Frail, Community-Dwelling Older People: Lessons Learned from Belgium

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Open Journal of Nursing 2016年第10期6卷 863-880页

作者： Thérèse Van Durme Olivier Schmitz sophie Cès Anne-sophie Lambert Jenny Billings Sibyl Anthierens Maja Lopez-Hartmann roy Remmen Johanna De Almeida Mello Anja Declercq Jean Macq Institute of Health and Society Université catholique de Louvain Brussels Belgium Centre for Health Service Studies University of Kent Canterbury UK Department of General Practice University of Antwerp Antwerp Belgium LUCAS KULeuven Leuven Belgium

Despite many attempts to evaluate the effectiveness of case management for frail older people, systematic reviews including experimental designs show inconsistent results. Starting from the view that case management is a complex intervention occurring in multilayered realities, we conducted a realist evaluation of case management in Belgium, where this type of intervention is new. Realist approaches are particularly well suited to evaluate complex interventions as they seek to investigate iteratively the literature and empirical data to uncover mid-range theories underpinning the intervention under study. As such, realist evaluations are works in progress which provide tools to describe how, why and for whom an intervention is supposed to work. In this paper, we describe two mid-range theories that can explain why case management can help frail older people to remain at home, through the lens of capacity and social support.

关键词： Realist Evaluation Frail Older People Case Management Home Care

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