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Journal of Environmental Protection 2013年第2期4卷 195-200页

作者： Min-Kyeong Kim soon-ik kwon Hyen-Cheng Chun Goo-Bok Jung Kee-Kyung Kang Department of Agricultural Environment National Academy of Agricultural Science Rural Development Administration Suwon South Korea

This study was conducted to understand the effect of the livestock liquid fertilizer treatment at field-scale up to catchment-scale on the water quality properties. Cultivated paddy rice and upland plots located in Gyeonggi province, Korea were treated with two different liquid fertilizers, SP (Liquid fertilizer with storage process) and SCB (Liquid fertilizer with slurry composting and bio-filtration process). Plots with no fertilizer (control A) and chemical fertilizer (control B) were also prepared for comparison. Water quantity and quality were monitored at the catchment outlet for assessing the effect on water quality of stream water. As a result, the losses of N and P and the values of EC (Electronic Conductivity) in the surface drainage water from paddy rice plots treated with SP and SCB were higher than those from the control plots (A and B). In addition, the losses of N and P by the runoff water from upland plots with SP and SCB treatment were higher than those from control plots (A and B). The nutrient outflow from paddy rice fields and uplands with application of liquid pig manure was higher than those from the control plots (A and B). Particularly, the outflow from uplands may directly affect the water quality in neighboring streams. This caused the major eutrophication problem in stream water. In conclusion, it is necessary to establish the proper management practices to prevent the nutrient losses from agricultural fields and the pollutants against water environments.

关键词： Liquid Fertilizer Livestock Manure Paddy Field Upland Water Quality

Chemical characterization of rainwater over Suwon region during farming and non-farming periods

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Journal of Agricultural Chemistry and Environment 2013年第1期2卷 1-7页

作者： Min-Kyeong Kim Jong-Sik Lee Goo-Bok Jung Byong-Gu Ko soon-ik kwon Min-Young Kim Kyu-Ho So Sun-Gang Yun Department of Agricultural Environment National Academy of Agricultural Science Rural Development Administration (RDA) Suwon Republic of Korea Dresearch Planning Division Rural Development Administration Suwon Republic of Korea

Recently, special attention has been givento acid rain and its problem to environment such as acid precipitation and air pollution in East *** the present study, rainwater samples werecollected from Apr to Oct (farming period) and from Nov to Mar (non-farming period) in 2009 ~ 2011. The samples were chemically characterized for the assessment of emission sources. Suwon region, a typical agricultural area in Gyeonggi province (South Korea) was chosen as a study site. The content of ionic species and theirtemporal variation were used forfactor analysis, which was used to presume the natural and anthropogenic sources depending upon the farming and non-farming periods. The cationsobserved during farming and non-farming periods were?> Na+> Ca2+> K+> H+> Mg2+and Na+> N?>Ca2+> H+= Mg2+> K+, respectively. The anions during farming and non-farming periods were?>?> Cl- and?>?> Cl-, respectively. While the amounts of sulfate, one of the major dissolved components of rainwater were 113.5 and 177.0 ueq.L-1, the ones of NSS-?(Non-Sea Salt sulfate) were 93.7 and 87.1% during farming and non-farming periods, respectively. The comparison of observed pH values (pHobs) with the theoretical pH values (pHthe) showed that the neutralization of rainwater considerably went along during farming and non-farming periods. The highest amountof rainfall throughout the year was310.5 mmin August and its corre sponding nitrogen loading was5.03 kg·ha-1. The major ion contents for crop growth, , Ca2+, K+, Mg2+, were 49.4, 5.5, 18.1,1.4 kg·ha-1from April to October. The major contributions to the existing chemical ions in rainwaters during farming and non-farming periods were from the natural sources (sea and soil) and the anthropogenic sources (human and animal waste, vehicular emission + fossil fuels combustion), respectively.

关键词： Acidity Discharge Nutrient Rainwater

Heavy metal chemistry in soils received long-term application of organic wastes

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Journal of Agricultural Chemistry and Environment 2012年第1期1卷 1-9页

作者： soon-ik kwon Yeon-Ah Jang Kye-Hoon Kim Goo-Bok Jung Min-Kyeong Kim Hae Hwang Mi-Jin Chae Seung-Chang Hong Kyu-Ho So Sun-Gang Yun kwon-Rae Kim Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology Jinju South Korea National Academy of Agricultural Science (NAAS) RDA Suwon South Korea The University of Seoul Seoul South Korea

This study was carried out to understand the long-term effect of organic waste treatment on the fate of heavy metals originated from the organic wastes, together with examination of changes in soil properties. For this, the soils received three different organic wastes (municipal sewage sludge, alcohol fermentation processing sludge, pig manure compost) in three different rates (12.5, 25, 50 ton/ha/yr) for 7 years (1994 - 2000) were used. To see the long-term effect, plant growth study and soil examination were conducted twice in 2000 and 2010, respectively. There was no additional treatment of organic wastes for post ten years after ceasing organic waste treatment for seven years. Soil examination conducted in 2010 showed decreases in soil pH, EC, total nitrogen, organic matter, available phosphorus, exchangeable cations and heavy metal contents in all soils received organic wastes compared to the results obtained in 2000. Speciation of heavy metals in soil through sequential extraction showed that organically bound Cu was the dominant species in all treatment and exchangeable Cu was increased in the plots treated with municipal sewage sludge and alcohol fermentation processing sludge. organically bound Ni increased from 25% - 30% to 32% - 45% in 2010 inall treatment while Pb showed increase in carbonate form in all treatments. Zn existed mainly as sulfide and residual forms, showing increases in organically bound form in all treatment during post ten years.

关键词： Heavy Metal Long-Term Application Organic Wastes Sequential Extraction

Optimization of an Artificial Intelligence Database and Camera Installation for Recognition of Risky Passenger Behavior in Railway Vehicles

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第1期82卷 1277-1293页

作者： Min-kyeong Kim Yeong Geol Lee Won-Hee Park Su-hwan Yun Tae-soon kwon Duckhee Lee Railroad Test&Certification Division Korea Railroad Research Institute(KRRI)Cheoldo BangmulgwanroUiwang-si16105Republic of Korea Railroad Safety Division Korea Railroad Research Institute(KRRI)Cheoldo BangmulgwanroUiwang-si16105Republic of Korea

Urban railways are vital means of public transportation in *** than 30%of metropolitan residents use the railways,and this proportion is expected to *** enhance safety,the government has mandated the installation of closed-circuit televisions in all carriages by ***,cameras still monitored *** address this limitation,we developed a dataset of risk factors and a smart detection system that enables an immediate response to any abnormal behavior and intensive monitoring *** created an innovative learning dataset that takes into account seven unique risk factors specific to Korean railway *** data collection was conducted across the Shinbundang Line of the Incheon Transportation Corporation,and the Ui-Shinseol *** observed several behavioral characteristics and assigned unique annotations to *** also considered carriage *** performance was evaluated by camera placement and *** the camera installation plan was *** dataset will find immediate applications in domestic railway *** artificial intelligence algorithms will be verified shortly.

关键词： AI railway vehicle risk factor smart detection AI training data

Influence of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea) on rhizosphere soil solution chemistry in long-term contaminated soils:A rhizobox study

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2010年第1期22卷 98-105页

作者： kwon-Rae Kim Gary Owens soon-lK kwon Climate Change & Agroecology Division Department of Agricultural EnvironmentNational Academy of Agricultural ScienceRDARepublic of Korea Centre for Environmental Risk Assessment and Remediation University of South Australia

This study investigated the influence of Indian mustard （Brassicajuncea） root exudation on soil solution properties （pH, dissolved organic carbon （DOC）, metal solubility） in the rhizosphere using a rhizobox. Measurement was conducted following the cultivation of Indian mustard in the rhizobox filled four different types of heavy metal contaminated soils （two alkaline soils and two acidic soils）. The growth of Indian mustard resulted in a significant increase （by 0.6 pH units） in rhizosphere soil solution pH of acidic soils and only a slight increase （〈 0.1 pH units） in alkaline soils. Furthermore, the DOC concentration increased by 17-156 mg/L in the rhizosphere regardless of soil type and the extent of contamination, demonstrating the exudation of DOC from root. Ion chromatographic determination showed a marked increase in the total dissolved organic acids （OAs） in rhizosphere. While root exudates were observed in all soils, the amount of DOC and OAs in soil solution varied considerably amongst different soils, resulting in significant changes to soil solution metals in the rhizosphere. For example, the soil solution Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn concentrations increased in the rhizosphere of alkaline soils compared to bulk soil following plant cultivation. In contrast, the soluble concentrations of Cd, Pb, and Zn in acidic soils decreased in rhizosphere soil when compared to bulk soils. Besides the influence of pH and DOC on metal solubility, the increase of heavy metal concentration having high stability constant such as Cu and Pb resulted in a release of Cd and Zn from solid phase to liquid phase.

关键词： dissolved organic carbon heavy metals root exudates solubility rhizosphere chemistry

A Study of the Influence of Air-knife Tilting on Coating Thickness in Hot-dip Galvanizing

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Journal of Thermal Science 2009年第3期18卷 262-267页

作者： Tae-Seok CHO Young-Doo kwon soon-Bum kwon School of Mechanical Engineering Kyungpook National University

Gas wiping is a decisive operation in hot-dip galvanizing process. In special, it has a crucial influence on the thickness and uniformity in coating film, but may be subsequently responsible for the problem of splashing. The progress of industry demands continuously the reduction of production costs which may relate directly with the increase of coating speed, and the speed up of coating results in the increase of stagnation pressure in gas wiping system in final. It is known that the increase of stagnation pressure may accompany a harmful problem of splashing in general. Together with these, also, from the view point of energy consumption, it is necessary to design a nozzle optimally. And there is known that the downward tilting of nozzle using in air knife system is effective to prevent in somewhat the harmful problem of splashing. In these connections, first, we design a nozzle with constant expansion rate. Next, for the case of actual coating conditions in field, the effects of tilting of the constant expansion rate nozzle are investigated by numerical analysis. Under the present numerical conditions, it was turned out that the nozzle of constant expansion rate of p = having a downward jet angle of 5^0 is the most effective to diminish the onset of splashing, while the influence of small tilting of the nozzle on impinging wall pres- sure itself is not so large.

关键词： Air-knife Constant expansion rate nozzle Impinging pressure Wall shear stress Hot-dip galvanizing Coating thickness Splashing

Experimental and Computational Studies on Coanda Nozzle Flow for the Air Knife Application

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Journal of Thermal Science 2007年第2期16卷 164-169页

作者： soon-Bum kwon Dong-Won LEE Young-Doo kwon School of Mechanical Engineering Kyungpook National University1370Sankyuk-dongDaegu 702-701Korea

To control the film thickness of zinc in the process of continuous hot-dip galvanizing, it is known from the early days that the gas wiping through an air knife is the most effective one. The gas wiping using in galvanizing process brings about a problem of splashing from the strip edge for a certain high speed of coating. So, in the present study, the effects of the deflection angle of Coanda nozzle on jet structure and the distribution of impinging pres- sure at the plate surface are investigated numerically and experimentally. In numerical analysis, the governing equations consisted of three-dimensional time dependent full Navier-Stokes equations, standard k-ε turbulence model to solve turbulent stTess and so on are employed. In experiment, 16 channel pressure scanning valve and 3-axis auto traversing unit are used to measure the impinging pressure at the strip surface. As a result, it is found that the smaller the deflection angle for the same nozzle slit of air knife is, the larger the impinging pressure is. To reduce the size of separation bubble and to enhance the cutting ability, it is recommendable to use an air knife with the Coanda nozzle.

关键词： Air knife Coanda effect edge splashing gas wiping hot-dip galvanizing impinging jet

A taxonomic review of the genus Miaenia Pascoe, 1864(Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) from South Korea with a new record of M. tonsa(Bates)

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Journal of Forestry Research 2018年第3期29卷 822-829页

作者： ik Je Choi Tae Sung kwon Jongok Lim Silkworm and Insect Management Center Gyeongsangbuk-do Agricultural Resource Management Institute Forest Insect Pests and Disease Division Korea Forest Research Institute Division of Forest Biodiversity Korea National Arboretum

The cerambycid genus Miaenia Pascoe(Coleoptera: Cerambycoidea) of South Korea is taxonomically reviewed. Two species, Miaenia fasciata fasciata(Matsushita) and Miaenia maritima Tsherepanov have been recorded. In this paper, M. tonsa(Bates) is added to the Korean cerambycid fauna for the first time. A key to Korean Miaenia species, re-description and diagnostic illustrations, including male genitalia for each species, are provided.

关键词： Acanthocinini Cerambycidae Miaenia New species South Korea Taxonomy

Optimal rotor wear design in hypotrochoidal gear pump using genetic algorithm

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Journal of Central South University 2011年第3期18卷 718-725页

作者： kwon soon-man KIM Chang-Hyun SHIN Joong-ho Department of Mechanical Design and Manufacturing Engineering Changwon National University

The wear rate between the rotors of a hypotrochoidal gear pump is *** the knowledge of shape design on the rotors,the contact stresses without hydrodynamic effect between the rotor teeth were evaluated through the calculation of the Hertzian contact *** on the above results and the sliding velocity between the rotors,a genetic algorithm (GA) was used as an optimization technique forminimizing the wear rate proportional factor (WRPF).The result shows that the wear rate or the WRPF can be reduced considerably,*** 12.8%,throughout the optimization using GA.

关键词： gerotor hypotrochoidal gear pump Hertzian contact stress wear rate proportional factor genetic algorithm

Kinematical system of breadth cam profile design

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Journal of Central South University 2011年第2期18卷 451-457页

作者： SHIN Joong-ho 李琳 YANG Hyun-dai kwon soon-man Department of Mechanical Design & Manufacturing Changwon National University

The design solutions for breadth cam mechanism was presented. The main topics of the shape design for breadth cam was to calculate the coordinate at each contact point to determine the cam profile. The proposed method according to velocity and geometric relationships of instant velocity centers can easily determine each contact point at any instant moment. The cam profile was defined by contouring of the contact points. And also a program was developed by using Microsoft Visual C++ program,which can quickly and easily draw a 2D cam profile through the displacement diagram. Finally,the program was used to confirm the accuracy on the breadth cam profile design by computer animation graphically.

关键词： cam profile breadth cam reciprocating follower oscillating follower instant velocity center