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Journal of Environmental Protection 2013年第2期4卷 195-200页

作者： Min-Kyeong Kim soon-ik kwon Hyen-Cheng Chun Goo-Bok Jung Kee-Kyung Kang Department of Agricultural Environment National Academy of Agricultural Science Rural Development Administration Suwon South Korea

This study was conducted to understand the effect of the livestock liquid fertilizer treatment at field-scale up to catchment-scale on the water quality properties. Cultivated paddy rice and upland plots located in Gyeonggi province, Korea were treated with two different liquid fertilizers, SP (Liquid fertilizer with storage process) and SCB (Liquid fertilizer with slurry composting and bio-filtration process). Plots with no fertilizer (control A) and chemical fertilizer (control B) were also prepared for comparison. Water quantity and quality were monitored at the catchment outlet for assessing the effect on water quality of stream water. As a result, the losses of N and P and the values of EC (Electronic Conductivity) in the surface drainage water from paddy rice plots treated with SP and SCB were higher than those from the control plots (A and B). In addition, the losses of N and P by the runoff water from upland plots with SP and SCB treatment were higher than those from control plots (A and B). The nutrient outflow from paddy rice fields and uplands with application of liquid pig manure was higher than those from the control plots (A and B). Particularly, the outflow from uplands may directly affect the water quality in neighboring streams. This caused the major eutrophication problem in stream water. In conclusion, it is necessary to establish the proper management practices to prevent the nutrient losses from agricultural fields and the pollutants against water environments.

关键词： Liquid Fertilizer Livestock Manure Paddy Field Upland Water Quality

Chemical characterization of rainwater over Suwon region during farming and non-farming periods

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Journal of Agricultural Chemistry and Environment 2013年第1期2卷 1-7页

作者： Min-Kyeong Kim Jong-Sik Lee Goo-Bok Jung Byong-Gu Ko soon-ik kwon Min-Young Kim Kyu-Ho So Sun-Gang Yun Department of Agricultural Environment National Academy of Agricultural Science Rural Development Administration (RDA) Suwon Republic of Korea Dresearch Planning Division Rural Development Administration Suwon Republic of Korea

Recently, special attention has been givento acid rain and its problem to environment such as acid precipitation and air pollution in East *** the present study, rainwater samples werecollected from Apr to Oct (farming period) and from Nov to Mar (non-farming period) in 2009 ~ 2011. The samples were chemically characterized for the assessment of emission sources. Suwon region, a typical agricultural area in Gyeonggi province (South Korea) was chosen as a study site. The content of ionic species and theirtemporal variation were used forfactor analysis, which was used to presume the natural and anthropogenic sources depending upon the farming and non-farming periods. The cationsobserved during farming and non-farming periods were?> Na+> Ca2+> K+> H+> Mg2+and Na+> N?>Ca2+> H+= Mg2+> K+, respectively. The anions during farming and non-farming periods were?>?> Cl- and?>?> Cl-, respectively. While the amounts of sulfate, one of the major dissolved components of rainwater were 113.5 and 177.0 ueq.L-1, the ones of NSS-?(Non-Sea Salt sulfate) were 93.7 and 87.1% during farming and non-farming periods, respectively. The comparison of observed pH values (pHobs) with the theoretical pH values (pHthe) showed that the neutralization of rainwater considerably went along during farming and non-farming periods. The highest amountof rainfall throughout the year was310.5 mmin August and its corre sponding nitrogen loading was5.03 kg·ha-1. The major ion contents for crop growth, , Ca2+, K+, Mg2+, were 49.4, 5.5, 18.1,1.4 kg·ha-1from April to October. The major contributions to the existing chemical ions in rainwaters during farming and non-farming periods were from the natural sources (sea and soil) and the anthropogenic sources (human and animal waste, vehicular emission + fossil fuels combustion), respectively.

关键词： Acidity Discharge Nutrient Rainwater

Heavy metal chemistry in soils received long-term application of organic wastes

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Journal of Agricultural Chemistry and Environment 2012年第1期1卷 1-9页

作者： soon-ik kwon Yeon-Ah Jang Kye-Hoon Kim Goo-Bok Jung Min-Kyeong Kim Hae Hwang Mi-Jin Chae Seung-Chang Hong Kyu-Ho So Sun-Gang Yun kwon-Rae Kim Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology Jinju South Korea National Academy of Agricultural Science (NAAS) RDA Suwon South Korea The University of Seoul Seoul South Korea

This study was carried out to understand the long-term effect of organic waste treatment on the fate of heavy metals originated from the organic wastes, together with examination of changes in soil properties. For this, the soils received three different organic wastes (municipal sewage sludge, alcohol fermentation processing sludge, pig manure compost) in three different rates (12.5, 25, 50 ton/ha/yr) for 7 years (1994 - 2000) were used. To see the long-term effect, plant growth study and soil examination were conducted twice in 2000 and 2010, respectively. There was no additional treatment of organic wastes for post ten years after ceasing organic waste treatment for seven years. Soil examination conducted in 2010 showed decreases in soil pH, EC, total nitrogen, organic matter, available phosphorus, exchangeable cations and heavy metal contents in all soils received organic wastes compared to the results obtained in 2000. Speciation of heavy metals in soil through sequential extraction showed that organically bound Cu was the dominant species in all treatment and exchangeable Cu was increased in the plots treated with municipal sewage sludge and alcohol fermentation processing sludge. organically bound Ni increased from 25% - 30% to 32% - 45% in 2010 inall treatment while Pb showed increase in carbonate form in all treatments. Zn existed mainly as sulfide and residual forms, showing increases in organically bound form in all treatment during post ten years.

关键词： Heavy Metal Long-Term Application Organic Wastes Sequential Extraction

Stoichiometric Ti3C2Tx Coating for Inhibiting Dendrite Growth in Anode-Free Lithium Metal Batteries

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第4期7卷 153-162页

作者： Xiangrong Zeng Manmatha Mahato Woong Oh Hyunjoon Yoo Van Hiep Nguyen Saewoong Oh Geetha Valurouthu soon-Ki Jeong Chi Won Ahn Yury Gogotsi Il-kwon Oh National Creative Research Initiative for Functionally Antagonistic Nano-Engineering Department of Mechanical Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Department of Materials Science & Engineering and A. J. Drexel Nanomaterials Institute Drexel University Department of Energy Engineering Soonchunhyang University National Nanofab Center (NNFC) Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)

Lithium metal batteries (LMBs) and anode-free LMBs (AFLMBs) present a solution to the need for batteries with a significantly superior theoretical energy ***,their adoption is hindered by low Coulombic efficiency (CE) and rapid capacity fading,primarily due to the formation of unstable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer and Li dendrite growth as a result of uneven Li plating.

关键词： anode-free lithium metal batteries stoichiometric MXene solid electrolyte interphase surface terminations

Long-term outcomes of very low birth weight infants with intraventricular hemorrhage:a nationwide population study from 2011 to 2019

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第7期20卷 692-700页

作者： Joonsik Park Sook-Hyun Park Yu-ra kwon So Jin Yoon Joo Hee Lim Jung Ho Han Jeong Eun Shin Ho Seon Eun Min Soo Park soon Min Lee Department of Pediatrics Yonsei University College of Medicine211 Eonjuro GangnamguSeoul 06273Republic of Korea

Background Advancements in neonatal care have increased preterm infant survival but paradoxically raised intraventricular hemorrhage(IVH)*** study explores IVH prevalence and long-term outcomes of very low birth weight(VLBW)infants in Korea over a *** Using Korean National Health Insurance data(NHIS,2010-2019),we identified 3372 VLBW infants with IVH among 4,129,808 live ***-related claims data,encompassing diagnostic codes,diagnostic test costs,and administered procedures were sourced from the NHIS *** results of the developmental assessments are categorized into four groups based on standard deviation(SD)*** characteristics and complications were compared among the *** regression models were employed to identify significant changes in the incidence of complications and to calculate odds ratios with corresponding 95%confidence intervals for each risk factor associated with mortality and morbidity in ***-term growth and development were compared between the two groups(years 2010-2013 and 2014-2017).Results IVH prevalence was 12%in VLBW and 16%in extremely low birth weight(ELBW)*** the past decade,IVH rates increased significantly in ELBW infants(P=0.0113),while mortality decreased(P=0.0225).Major improvements in certain neurodevelopmental outcomes and reductions in early morbidities have been observed among VLBW infants with *** percent of the population received surgical treatments such as external ventricular drainage(EVD)or a ventriculoperitoneal(VP)shunt,with the choice of treatment methods remaining consistent over *** IVH with surgical intervention group exhibited higher incidences of delayed development,cerebral palsy,seizure disorder,and growth failure(height,weight,and head circumference)up to 72 months of age(P<0.0001).Surgical treatments were also significantly associated with abnormal developmental screening test *** The neurodevelopmental outcomes of infa

关键词： Cerebral intraventricular hemorrhage Developmental Hydrocephalus Mortality Posthemorrhagic ventricular dilatation Surgery

Paleozoic tectonic evolution of the proto-Korean Peninsula along the East Asian continental margin from detrital zircon U-Pb geochronology and Hf isotope geochemistry

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Geoscience Frontiers 2024年第1期15卷 97-117页

作者： Yirang Jang Sung Won Kim Vinod O.Samuel Sanghoon kwon Seung-ik Park M.Santosh Keewook Yi Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences Chonnam National UniversityGwangju 61186Republic of Korea Geology Division Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral ResourcesDaejeon 34132Republic of Korea Department of Earth System Sciences Yonsei UniversitySeoul 03722Republic of Korea Department of Geology Kyungpook National UniversityDaegu 41566Republic of Korea School of Earth Sciences and Resources China University of Geosciences BeijingBeijing 100083China Department of Earth Science University of AdelaideAdelaide SA 5005Australia Yonsei Frontiers Lab Yonsei UniversitySeoul 03722Republic of Korea Division of Earth and Environmental Sciences Korea Basic Science InstituteChungbuk 28119Republic of Korea

Detrital zircon geochronology and Hf isotope analysis can be used for inferring provenance characteristics,and to evaluate the tectonic evolution of sedimentary basins and their link with regional *** Paleozoic sequences of the Okcheon Belt consist of the Lower Paleozoic Joseon and the Upper Paleozoic Pyeongan supergroups with Middle Paleozoic hiatus locally on top of the Neoproterozoic bimodal volcanic rocks,reflecting an intracontinental rift setting between the two basements(*** and Yeongnam massifs)at southern part of the Korean *** detrital zircon U-Pb ages and Lu-Hf isotope results show that all these Paleozoic strata commonly have Paleoproterozoic and Paleozoic zircon ages with rare Meso-to Neoproterozoic *** individual zircon populations display following features,allowing estimation of their sedimentary provenances:(i)The Paleoproterozoic zircons(ca.1.85 Ga and 2.50 Ga)with similar ranges ofεHf(t)values are most common in the basement rocks of the Korean Peninsula,and were sourced from both the Gyeonggi and Yeongnam massifs.(ii)The Meso-to Neoproterozoic zircons,preserved only in the Middle to Late Cambrian clastic sedimentary rocks within the carbonate sequences probably reflect proximal provenance.(iii)The youngest Paleozoic zircons of each formation,almost coincident with their deposition ages,suggest presence of syndepositional magmatism,indicating proximal magmatic sources during their deposition.(iv)The Cambrian-Ordovician zircons,from the Lower Paleozoic sequences,but rare in the successive Upper Paleozoic sequences,suggest a provenance change after the hiatus between the two sedimentary successions.(v)The Permian zircons showing differentεHf(t)values indicate that detrital sources were varied at that *** integrated results in our study suggest provenance variability linked to diverse tectonic environments,reflecting prolonged subduction-related crustal evolution of the proto-Korean Peninsula during the Paleozo

关键词： Detrital zircon U-Pb and Hf isotopes Paleozoic metasedimentary rocks Okcheon Belt Taebaeksan zone Korean Peninsula

Acupuncture ameliorates atopic dermatitis by modulating gut barrier function in a gut microbiota-dependent manner in mice

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第5期 600-613页

作者： Mijung Yeom Sora Ahn Dae-Hyun Hahm Sun-Young Jang Se Hoon Jang Su-Yang Park Jae-Hwan Jang Jihan Park Ju-Young Oh In-Seon Lee Kyuseok Kim soon-Kyeong kwon Hi-Joon Park Acupuncture and Meridian Science Research Center College of Korean MedicineKyung Hee University Department of Physiology School of MedicineKyung Hee University BioNanocomposite Research Center Kyung Hee University Department of Science in Korean Medicine College of Korean MedicineGraduate SchoolKyung Hee University College of Korean Medicine Kyung Hee University Department of Ophthalmology Otorhinolaryngology and Dermatology of Korean MedicineCollege of Korean MedicineKyung Hee University Division of Applied Life Science (BK21) Gyeongsang National University Department of Anatomy & Information Sciences College of Korean MedicineKyung Hee University

Objective: Atopic dermatitis(AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that may be linked to changes in the gut microbiome. Acupuncture has been proven to be effective in reducing AD symptoms without serious adverse events, but its underlying mechanism is not completely understood. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the potential effect of acupuncture on AD is gut ***: AD-like skin lesions were induced by applying MC903 topically to the cheek of the *** was done at the Gok-Ji(LI11) acupoints. AD-like symptoms were assessed by lesion scores,scratching behavior, and histopathological changes; intestinal barrier function was measured by fecal output, serum lipopolysaccharide levels, histopathological changes, and mRNA expression of markers involved in intestinal permeability and inflammation. Gut microbiota was profiled using 16S rRNA gene sequencing from fecal ***: Acupuncture effectively improved chronic itch as well as the AD-like skin lesions with epidermal thickening, and also significantly altered gut microbiota structure as revealed by β-diversity indices and analysis of similarities. These beneficial effects were eliminated by antibiotic depletion of gut microbiota,but were reproduced in gut microbiota-depleted mice that received a fecal microbiota transplant from acupuncture-treated mice. Interestingly, AD mice had intestinal barrier dysfunction as indicated by increased intestinal permeability, atrophy of the mucosal structure(reduced villus height and crypt depth), decreased expression of tight junctions and mucus synthesis genes, and increased expression of inflammatory mediators in the ileum. Acupuncture attenuated these abnormalities, which was gut ***: Acupuncture ameliorates AD-like phenotypes in a gut microbiota-dependent manner and some of these positive benefits are explained by modulation of the intestinal barrier, providing new perspective for non-phar

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Influence of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea) on rhizosphere soil solution chemistry in long-term contaminated soils:A rhizobox study

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2010年第1期22卷 98-105页

作者： kwon-Rae Kim Gary Owens soon-lK kwon Climate Change & Agroecology Division Department of Agricultural EnvironmentNational Academy of Agricultural ScienceRDARepublic of Korea Centre for Environmental Risk Assessment and Remediation University of South Australia

This study investigated the influence of Indian mustard （Brassicajuncea） root exudation on soil solution properties （pH, dissolved organic carbon （DOC）, metal solubility） in the rhizosphere using a rhizobox. Measurement was conducted following the cultivation of Indian mustard in the rhizobox filled four different types of heavy metal contaminated soils （two alkaline soils and two acidic soils）. The growth of Indian mustard resulted in a significant increase （by 0.6 pH units） in rhizosphere soil solution pH of acidic soils and only a slight increase （〈 0.1 pH units） in alkaline soils. Furthermore, the DOC concentration increased by 17-156 mg/L in the rhizosphere regardless of soil type and the extent of contamination, demonstrating the exudation of DOC from root. Ion chromatographic determination showed a marked increase in the total dissolved organic acids （OAs） in rhizosphere. While root exudates were observed in all soils, the amount of DOC and OAs in soil solution varied considerably amongst different soils, resulting in significant changes to soil solution metals in the rhizosphere. For example, the soil solution Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn concentrations increased in the rhizosphere of alkaline soils compared to bulk soil following plant cultivation. In contrast, the soluble concentrations of Cd, Pb, and Zn in acidic soils decreased in rhizosphere soil when compared to bulk soils. Besides the influence of pH and DOC on metal solubility, the increase of heavy metal concentration having high stability constant such as Cu and Pb resulted in a release of Cd and Zn from solid phase to liquid phase.

关键词： dissolved organic carbon heavy metals root exudates solubility rhizosphere chemistry

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A Study of the Influence of Air-knife Tilting on Coating Thickness in Hot-dip Galvanizing

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Journal of Thermal Science 2009年第3期18卷 262-267页

作者： Tae-Seok CHO Young-Doo kwon soon-Bum kwon School of Mechanical Engineering Kyungpook National University

Gas wiping is a decisive operation in hot-dip galvanizing process. In special, it has a crucial influence on the thickness and uniformity in coating film, but may be subsequently responsible for the problem of splashing. The progress of industry demands continuously the reduction of production costs which may relate directly with the increase of coating speed, and the speed up of coating results in the increase of stagnation pressure in gas wiping system in final. It is known that the increase of stagnation pressure may accompany a harmful problem of splashing in general. Together with these, also, from the view point of energy consumption, it is necessary to design a nozzle optimally. And there is known that the downward tilting of nozzle using in air knife system is effective to prevent in somewhat the harmful problem of splashing. In these connections, first, we design a nozzle with constant expansion rate. Next, for the case of actual coating conditions in field, the effects of tilting of the constant expansion rate nozzle are investigated by numerical analysis. Under the present numerical conditions, it was turned out that the nozzle of constant expansion rate of p = having a downward jet angle of 5^0 is the most effective to diminish the onset of splashing, while the influence of small tilting of the nozzle on impinging wall pres- sure itself is not so large.

关键词： Air-knife Constant expansion rate nozzle Impinging pressure Wall shear stress Hot-dip galvanizing Coating thickness Splashing

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Experimental and Computational Studies on Coanda Nozzle Flow for the Air Knife Application

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Journal of Thermal Science 2007年第2期16卷 164-169页

作者： soon-Bum kwon Dong-Won LEE Young-Doo kwon School of Mechanical Engineering Kyungpook National University1370Sankyuk-dongDaegu 702-701Korea

To control the film thickness of zinc in the process of continuous hot-dip galvanizing, it is known from the early days that the gas wiping through an air knife is the most effective one. The gas wiping using in galvanizing process brings about a problem of splashing from the strip edge for a certain high speed of coating. So, in the present study, the effects of the deflection angle of Coanda nozzle on jet structure and the distribution of impinging pres- sure at the plate surface are investigated numerically and experimentally. In numerical analysis, the governing equations consisted of three-dimensional time dependent full Navier-Stokes equations, standard k-ε turbulence model to solve turbulent stTess and so on are employed. In experiment, 16 channel pressure scanning valve and 3-axis auto traversing unit are used to measure the impinging pressure at the strip surface. As a result, it is found that the smaller the deflection angle for the same nozzle slit of air knife is, the larger the impinging pressure is. To reduce the size of separation bubble and to enhance the cutting ability, it is recommendable to use an air knife with the Coanda nozzle.

关键词： Air knife Coanda effect edge splashing gas wiping hot-dip galvanizing impinging jet

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