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SATURATION EFFECTS FOR CTL MEDIATED CONTROL OF HIV-1 INFECTION： A MATHEMATICAL STUDY

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International Journal of Biomathematics 2013年第3期6卷 33-51页

作者： PRITI KUMAR ROY sonia CHOWDHURY XUE-ZHI LI Centre for Mathematical Biology and EcologyDepartment of Mathematics Jadavpur University Kolkata 700032 India Department of Mathematics Xinyang Normal UniversityXinyang 464000 P. R. China

The relations between the Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 （HIV-1） and the human immune system are astonishingly multifaceted, where the critical role for cytotoxic T lymphocytes （CTLs） in the suppression of viral replication in HIV-1 infected individuals cannot be ignored. In this research paper, we have proposed a mathematical model incorporating half saturation constant through the CTL mediated killing process and also in that sense, it has been infiltrated in the generation process of CTL through infected cells. To make the model more realistic, a time lag is introduced in the generation term of CTL population. Also an optimal control theory paradigm is used in our mathematical model to suppress the viral production. From our entire analysis, we have found threshold condition of half saturation constant and treatment schedule so that we can handle the situation of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome （AIDS） patients in a better way. Our analysis reveals that, if the half saturation constant is around 47 mm^-3 in the saturation process and the drug therapy is to be used around 76 days, then we can get adequate results for better treatment of a HIV-1 patient. Based on numerical results, we observed that in a highly unstable situation, administration of chemotherapy at a high dose can stabilize the system.

关键词： CD4^+T cells HIV-1 Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte (CTL) highly active antiretroviral therapy optimal control.

Premature losses of leaf area in response to drought and insect herbivory through a leaf lifespan gradient

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Journal of Forestry Research 2022年第1期33卷 39-50页

作者： sonia Mediavilla Montserrat Martínez-Ortega Santiago Andrés Javier Bobo Alfonso Escudero Departamento de Ecología Facultad de BiologíaUniversidad de Salamanca37071 SalamancaSpain Departamento de Botánica y Fisiología Vegetal Facultad de BiologíaUniversidad de Salamanca37071 SalamancaSpain

Implications of the differences in leaf life span are still subject to debate in the field of *** leaf traits associated with these differences may be decisive for determining the distribution of tree species,this topic is particularly relevant in the context of climate *** study analyzes the effects of the differences in leaf life span on premature losses of leaf area owing to insect herbivory and to abiotic *** of leaf area may be an important determinant of total leaf carbon *** Mediterranean tree species,distributed on four sites with different climates were *** species exhibited strong differences in leaf life span and in leaf traits,especially leaf mass per unit *** leaf area losses were estimated in response to insect herbivory and summer drought over two *** results revealed that,despite having older leaf cohorts with more damage,species with longer leaf duration had lower area lost to herbivores and less damage due to accelerated senescence during the summer *** respect to the predicted increase in water stress,deciduous species are at a disadvantage due to their high premature loss of leaf area and thus loss of photosynthetic capacity.

关键词： Accelerated senescence Insect herbivory Leaf life span Leaf structural reinforcement Summer drought

Contribution of Women Empowerment to Human Development in Rwanda:takingwomen Empowerment Influence on Child Health Asa Case

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Contribution of Women Empowerment to Human Development in Rw...

作者： Tona sonia 厦门大学

学位级别：硕士

妇女赋权仍然是全球人类发展中的一个新问题,因为妇女在发展的许多方面都处于边缘地位。在这项研究中,分析了卢旺达妇女赋权的状况,特别强调了在1994年种族灭绝之后政府采取的措施和政策,以及面对的挑战,例如缺乏获得资金,教育和卫生的... 详细信息

妇女赋权仍然是全球人类发展中的一个新问题,因为妇女在发展的许多方面都处于边缘地位。在这项研究中,分析了卢旺达妇女赋权的状况,特别强调了在1994年种族灭绝之后政府采取的措施和政策,以及面对的挑战,例如缺乏获得资金,教育和卫生的机会,将妇女纳入发展进程。卢旺达通过国家性别平权机制,在增强妇女权能方面取得了值得称赞的成就,主要表现在政治参与,教育,金融和信贷,农业,劳动力参与和卫生等方面。根据联合国妇女署公布的2019年统计数据,卢旺达是全球女性议员人数最多的领先国家。可以说,一个曾经因1994年针对图西族的种族灭绝相关的黑暗过去而闻名世界的国家,已经能够将其形象重新塑造为全球性别平等冠军的形象。此外,在这项研究中,还论证了赋予妇女权力如何改善儿童健康,从而改善人类发展。根据2018年世界银行的报告,估计卢旺达有38%的儿童发育不良。卢旺达儿童营养不良的主要原因包括:粮食不安全,缺乏知识,性别不平衡和贫困。为了检验该项结论,使用Probit模型通过使用2014-2015年卢旺达人口人口普查中的数据来检验该结论。研究结果发现,卢旺达的妇女有56%的权能得到了授权,这表明2014-15年度RDHS研究中接受采访的妇女获得了权能。增强妇女权能可以改善儿童健康,但是在卢旺达,不能忽略人口统计学特征和社会人口统计学对儿童健康的影响。

关键词：妇女赋权人类发展儿童健康概率模型

Endoscopic lysis of bladder scar associated with Hunner’s lesions:A new technique

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Asian Journal of Urology 2015年第1期2卷 59-62页

作者： sonia Bahlani Robert Moldwin The Smith Institute for Urology North Shore-Long Island Jewish Health SystemNew Hyde ParkNYUSA

Objective:Five to ten percent of interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome(IC/BPS)patients have Hunner’s lesions(HL),areas of non-specific inflammation and *** poor quality of life of patients with HL is entwined in associated pain and loss of bladder *** the decrease in bladder capacity is usually dependent on pain,it may also be dependent upon scarring and associated compliance changes produced by the inflammatory *** report reviews the potential role of endoscopic scar lysis using the holmium laser in the management of these patients whose only other therapeutic option is urinary ***:Two patients with HL and“end stage”bladders who underwent holmium laser division of bladder wall scar/tethering were *** data were reviewed with emphasis on safety and ***:Both patients selected for this procedure underwent holmium laser lysis of known scar tissue in an effort to increase bladder capacity and improve symptoms of urinary frequency and pain with bladder *** median age of patients who underwent the procedure was 63(59-67)*** were made with the holmium laser at frequencies of 3e10 Hz of 300e700 J along the region of *** procedures were performed by the same *** was an increase in bladder capacity by 58.3%(50.0%-66.7%).During a mean follow-up of 4.2 years,there appeared to be a significant improvement with an increase in interval time between voids and a decrease in pain with bladder ***:Patients with IC/BPS may be severely debilitated by a clinically significant decrease in their bladder capacity,especially in the face of *** use of the holmium laser to incise regions of scar and bladder wall tethering may produce a clinically significant and durable increase in bladder *** use of this technique as a means of treating bladder scarring poses an excellent adjunct to existing treatment strategies.

关键词： Hunner’s lesions Bladder scar Endoscopic lysis

A New Hybrid SARFIMA-ANN Model for Tourism Forecasting

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第6期71卷 4785-4801页

作者： Tanzila Saba Mirza Naveed Shahzad sonia Iqbal Amjad Rehman Ibrahim Abunadi Artificial Intelligence&Data Analytics Research Lab(AIDA) CCIS Prince Sultan UniversityRiyadh11586Saudi Arabia Department of Statistics University of GujratGujrat50700Pakistan Department of Statistics University of SialkotSialkot51310Pakistan

Many countries developed and increased greenery in their country sights to attract international *** planning is now significantly contributing to their *** next task is to facilitate the tourists by sufficient arrangements and providing a green and clean environment;it is only possible if an upcoming number of tourists’arrivals are accurately *** accurate prediction is not easy as empirical evidence shows that the tourists’arrival data often contains linear,nonlinear,and seasonal *** traditional model,like the seasonal autoregressive fractional integrated moving average(SARFIMA),handles seasonal trends with *** contrast,the artificial neural network(ANN)model deals better with nonlinear time *** get a better forecasting result,this study combines the merits of the SARFIMA and the ANN models and the purpose of the hybrid SARFIMA-ANN ***,we have used the proposed model to predict the tourists’arrival inNew Zealand,Australia,and *** results showed that the proposed hybrid model outperforms in predicting tourists’arrival compared to the traditional SARFIMA and ANN ***,these results can be generalized to predict tourists’arrival in any country or region with a complicated data pattern.

关键词： SARFIMA hybrid model tourists’arrival forecasting ANN

Exact Boundary Conditions for PeriodicWaveguides Containing a Local Perturbation

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Communications in Computational Physics 2006年第6期1卷 945-973页

作者： Patrick Joly Jing-Rebecca Li sonia Fliss Domaine de Voluceau-Rocquencourt-B.P.105 78153 Le Chesnay CedexFrance

We consider the solution of the Helmholtz equation−u(x)−n(x)2ω2u(x)=f(x),x=(x,y),in a domain which is infinite in x and bounded in *** assume that f(x)is supported in 0:={x∈|a− 详细信息

We consider the solution of the Helmholtz equation−u(x)−n(x)2ω2u(x)=f(x),x=(x,y),in a domain which is infinite in x and bounded in *** assume that f(x)is supported in 0:={x∈|a−

关键词： Exact boundary conditions periodic media Dirichlet to Neumann maps

Sorption of 2,4-dinitroanisole (DNAN) on lignin

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2012年第5期24卷 808-813页

作者： Rabih Saad Zorana Radovic-Hrapovic Behzad Ahvazi sonia Thiboutot Guy Ampleman Jalal Hawari Biotechnology Research Institute National Research Council of Canada6100 Royalmount AvenueMontréalQuebecCanada Defense Research Development Canada Department of National DefenseValcartierQuebecCanada

The present study describes the use of two commercially available lignins,namely,alkali and organosolv lignin,for the removal of2,4-dinitroanisole（DNAN）,a chemical widely used by the military and the dye industry,from *** of DNAN on bothlignins reached equilibrium within 10 hr and followed pseudo second-order kinetics with sorption being faster with alkali than withorganosolv lignin,i.e.k2 10.3 and 0.3 g/（mg·hr）,*** a separate study we investigated sorption of DNAN between 10 and40 C and found that the removal of DNAN by organosolv lignin increased from 0.8 to 7.5 mg/g but reduced slightly from 8.5 to 7.6mg/g in the case of alkali *** isotherms for either alkali or organosolv lignin best fitted Freundlich equation with enthalpyof formation,H0 equaled to 14 or 80 kJ/*** help understand DNAN sorption mechanisms we characterized the two lignins byelemental analysis,BET nitrogen adsorption-desorption and 31P *** in elemental compositions between the two ligninsindicated that alkali lignin should have more sites（O-and S-containing functionalities） for *** BET surface area andcalculated total pore volume of alkali lignin were almost 10 times greater than that of organosolv lignin suggesting that alkali ligninshould provide more sites for sorption.31P NMR showed that organosolv lignin contains more phenolic-OH groups than alkali lignin,i.e.,70% and 45%,*** variations in the type of OH groups between the two lignins might have affected the strength ofH-bonding between DNAN and the type of lignin used.

关键词： sorption DNAN lignin kinetics isotherms.

Lipid reserves and immune defense in healthy and diseased migrating monarchs Danaus plexippus

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Current Zoology 2013年第3期59卷 393-402页

作者： Dara A. SATTERFIELD Amy E. WRIGHT sonia ALTIZER Odum School of Ecology University of Georgia Athens GA 30602 USA

Recent studies suggest that the energetic demands of long-distance migration might lower the pool of resources available for costly immune defenses. Moreover, migration could amplify the costs of parasitism if animals suffering from para- site-induced damage or depleted energy reserves are less able to migrate long distances. We investigated relationships between long-distance migration, infection, and immunity in wild fall-migrating monarch butterflies Danaus plexippus. Monarchs migrate annually from eastern North America to central Mexico, accumulating lipids essential for migration and winter survival as they travel southward. Monarchs are commonly infected by the debilitating protozoan parasite Ophryocystis elektroscirrha （OE）. We collected data on lipid reserves, parasite loads, and two immune measures （hemocyte concentration and phenoloxidase activity） from wild monarchs migrating through north GA （USA） to ask whether （1） parasite infection negatively affects lipid reserves, and （2） greater investment in lipid reserves is associated with lower immune measures. Results showed that monarchs sampled later in the fall migration had lower but not significantly different immune measures and significantly higher lipid reserves than those sampled earlier. Lipid measures correlated negatively but only nearly significantly with one measure of immune defense （phenoloxidase activity） in both healthy and infected monarchs, but did not depend on monarch infection status or parasite load. These results provide weak support for a trade-off between energy reserves and immune defense in migrants, and suggest that previously-demonstrated costs of OE infection for monarch migration are not caused by depleted lipid reserves .

关键词： Butterfly Hemocytes Migration Neogregarine Infection Energy reserves

A pan-cancer fingerprint:common molecular denominators of the human tumor microenvironment

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2021年第12期6卷 3371-3372页

作者： Susanna S.Ng sonia Leonardelli Michael Hölzel Institute of Experimental Oncology University Hospital BonnUniversity of Bonn53127 BonnGermany

In a recent study published in Cancer Cell,Bagaev et *** a pan-cancer tumor microenvironment(TME)classification that can be predictive of response to immune checkpoint inhibitor(ICI)therapy.1 The authors presented a detailed visualization that can be generated for each tumor,which combines the 29 functional gene expression signatures(Fges)used to subtype the TME with targetable genomic *** the compartments and pathways within the TME could aid decision-making in patient-specific treatment of cancer,especially in the context of immunotherapies.2 The increasing use of ICIs have shown promising clinical outcomes in several cancer ***,response to treatment is heterogenous and often results in immune-related adverse events.3 Therefore,efforts are focused on the development of prognostic tools to predict response to *** analysis of 468 melanoma patients resulted in grouping of the TME into four major subsets based on manually curated Fges.

关键词： cancer alterations