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Functional Optical Fiber Sensors Detecting Imperceptible Physical/Chemical Changes for Smart Batteries

Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第8期16卷 268-308页

作者： Yiding Li Li Wang youzhi song Wenwei Wang Cheng Lin Xiangming He Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084People’s Republic of China National Engineering Research Center of Electric Vehicles Beijing Institute of Technology(BIT)Beijing 100081People’s Republic of China Shenzhen Automotive Research Institute of BIT(Shenzhen Research Institute of National Engineering Research Center of Electric Vehicles) Shenzhen 518118People’s Republic of China

The battery technology progress has been a contradictory process in which performance improvement and hidden risks coexist.Now the battery is still a“black box”,thus requiring a deep understanding of its internal state.The battery should“sense its internal physical/chemical conditions”,which puts strict requirements on embedded sensing parts.This paper summarizes the application of advanced optical fiber sensors in lithium-ion batteries and energy storage technologies that may be mass deployed,focuses on the insights of advanced optical fiber sensors into the processes of one-dimensional nano-micro-level battery material structural phase transition,electrolyte degradation,electrode-electrolyte interface dynamics to three-dimensional macro-safety evolution.The paper contributes to understanding how to use optical fiber sensors to achieve“real”and“embedded”monitoring.Through the inherent advantages of the advanced optical fiber sensor,it helps clarify the battery internal state and reaction mechanism,aiding in the establishment of more detailed models.These advancements can promote the development of smart batteries,with significant importance lying in essentially promoting the improvement of system consistency.Furthermore,with the help of smart batteries in the future,the importance of consistency can be weakened or even eliminated.The application of advanced optical fiber sensors helps comprehensively improve the battery quality,reliability,and life.

关键词： Smart battery Advanced embedded optical fiber sensor Battery internal physical/chemical state Quality-reliability-life characteristic

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Polyimides as Promising Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries:A Review

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Nano-Micro Letters 2023年第9期15卷 74-102页

作者： Mengyun Zhang Li Wang Hong Xu youzhi song Xiangming He Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084People’s Republic of China

Lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)have helped revolutionize the modern world and are now advancing the alternative energy field.Several technical challenges are associated with LIBs,such as increasing their energy density,improving their safety,and prolonging their lifespan.Pressed by these issues,researchers are striving to find effective solutions and new materials for next-generation LIBs.Polymers play a more and more important role in satisfying the ever-increasing requirements for LIBs.Polyimides(PIs),a special functional polymer,possess unparalleled advantages,such as excellent mechanical strength,extremely high thermal stability,and excellent chemical inertness;they are a promising material for LIBs.Herein,we discuss the current applications of PIs in LIBs,including coatings,separators,binders,solid-state polymer electrolytes,and active storage materials,to improve high-voltage performance,safety,cyclability,flexibility,and sustainability.Existing technical challenges are described,and strategies for solving current issues are proposed.Finally,potential directions for implementing PIs in LIBs are outlined.

关键词： Polyimides Separators Binders Solid-state electrolytes Lithium-ion

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Tailoring Practically Accessible Polymer/Inorganic Composite Electrolytes for All-Solid-State Lithium Metal Batteries:A Review

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Nano-Micro Letters 2023年第3期15卷 266-297页

作者： Hongmei Liang Li Wang Aiping Wang youzhi song Yanzhou Wu Yang Yang Xiangming He Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084People’s Republic of China

Solid-state electrolytes(SSEs)are widely considered the essential components for upcoming rechargeable lithium-ion batteries owing to the potential for great safety and energy density.Among them,polymer solid-state electrolytes(PSEs)are competitive candidates for replacing commercial liquid electrolytes due to their flexibility,shape versatility and easy machinability.Despite the rapid development of PSEs,their practical application still faces obstacles including poor ionic conductivity,narrow electrochemical stable window and inferior mechanical strength.Polymer/inorganic composite electrolytes(PIEs)formed by adding ceramic fillers in PSEs merge the benefits of PSEs and inorganic solid-state electrolytes(ISEs),exhibiting appreciable comprehensive properties due to the abundant interfaces with unique characteristics.Some PIEs are highly compatible with high-voltage cathode and lithium metal anode,which offer desirable access to obtaining lithium metal batteries with high energy density.This review elucidates the current issues and recent advances in PIEs.The performance of PIEs was remarkably influenced by the characteristics of the fillers including type,content,morphology,arrangement and surface groups.We focus on the molecular interaction between different components in the composite environment for designing high-performance PIEs.Finally,the obstacles and opportunities for creating high-performance PIEs are outlined.This review aims to provide some theoretical guidance and direction for the development of PIEs.

关键词： Polymer Inorganic composite electrolytes All-solid-state lithium metal batteries Fillers Ionic conductivity High voltage

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Insight into the Electrochemical Behaviors of NCM811|SiO-Gr Pouch Battery through Thickness Variation

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2023年第5期6卷 211-218页

作者： Xingqin Wang youzhi song Hao Cui Jianhong Liu Hua Huo Li Wang Yunzhi Gao Xiangming He Key Laboratory of Materials for New Energy Conversion and Storage(Ministry of Industry and Information Technology) School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China Risesun Mengguli new energy Science and Technology Co.LTD Beijing 102200China Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2(NCM811)|SiOx-graphite(SiO-Gr.)battery chemistry is of intensive attention because its achievable practical energy density is approaching impressively 300 Wh Kg^(-1).However,it still suffers rapid capacity fades during repeated cycles,both chemical,electrochemical and mechanical irreversibility contribute.A comprehensive understanding behind the fading behavior of the cell chemistry is required before fully realize the benefits of this chemistry.Herein,the in-situ thickness variation is introduced as a diagnostic technique and is performed on 5-55 Ah NCM811|SiO-Gr cells.With the help of Li reference electrode and in-situ X-ray diffraction device,the correspondence between thickness variation and the electrode potential is carefully investigated.Firstly,the NCM811|SiO-Gr cell is characterized with the maximum cell thickness at around 80%state-of-charge(SOC)in the discharge process,rather than at 100%SOC.Secondly,the electrochemical behaviors during rate charge/discharge are diagnosed,and a Li platting signal is resolved from thickness variation profile at 2C.This work confirms that the thickness monitoring is a nondestructive and informative complement to conventional diagnostic techniques for failure analysis of pouch cells.

关键词： diagnostic technique electrochemical behavior NCM811 cathode Si-containing anode thickness variation

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Investigation of hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene propellant breaking characteristics and mechanism impacted by submerged cavitation water jet

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第3期33卷 559-572页

作者： Wenjun Zhou Meng Zhao Bo Liu youzhi Ma youzhi Zhang Xuanjun Wang Zhijian Laboratory Rocket Force University of EngineeringXi’an710025China

A submerged cavitation water jet(SCWJ)is an effective method to recycle solid propellant from obsolete solid engines by the breaking method.Solid propellant's breaking modes and mechanical process under SCWJ impact are unclear.This study aims to understand those impact breaking mechanisms.The hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene(HTPB)propellant was chosen as the research material,and a self-designed test system was used to conduct impact tests at four different working pressures.The high-speed camera characterized crack propagation,and the DIC method calculated strain change during the impact process.Besides,micro and macro fracture morphologies were characterized by scanning electron microscope(SEM)and computed tomography(CT)scanning.The results reveal that the compressive strain concentration region locates right below the nozzle,and the shear strain region distributes symmetrically with the jet axis,which increases to 4% at first 16th ms,the compressive strain rises to 2% and 6% in the axial and transverse direction,respectively.The two tensile cracks formed first at the compression strain concentrate region,and there generate many shear cracks around the tensile cracks,and those shear cracks that develop and aggregate cause the cracks to become wider and cut through the tensile cracks,forming the tensile-shear cracks and the impact parts eventually fail.The HTPB propellant forms a breaking hole shaped conical after impact 10 s.The mass loss increases by 17 times at maximum,with the working pressure increasing by three times.Meanwhile,the damage value of the breaking hole remaining on the surface increases by 7.8 times while 2.9 times in the depth of the breaking hole.The breaking efficiency is closely affected by working pressures.The failure modes of HTPB impacted by SCWJ are classified as tensile crack-dominated and tensile-shear crack-dominated damage mechanisms.

关键词： Submerged cavitation water jet Hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene propellant Breaking characteristics Failure modes

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High-resolution recognition of FOAM modes via an improved EfficientNet V2 based convolutional neural network

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Frontiers of physics 2024年第3期19卷 175-183页

作者： youzhi Shi Zuhai Ma Hongyu Chen Yougang Ke Yu Chen Xinxing Zhou International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology Institute of Microscale OptoelectronicsShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Structures and Quantum Control of Ministry of Education Synergetic Innovation Center for Quantum Effects and ApplicationsSchool of Physics and ElectronicsHunan Normal UniversityChangsha 410081China Key Laboratory of Hunan Province on Information Photonics and Freespace Optical Communications School of Information Science and EngineeringHunan Institute of Science and TechnologyYueyang 414006China

Vortex beam with fractional orbital angular momentum (FOAM) is the excellent candidate for improving the capacity of free-space optical (FSO) communication system due to its infinite modes. Therefore, the recognition of FOAM modes with higher resolution is always of great concern. In this work, through an improved EfficientNetV2 based convolutional neural network (CNN), we experimentally achieve the implementation of the recognition of FOAM modes with a resolution as high as 0.001. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first time this high resolution has been achieved. Under the strong atmospheric turbulence (AT) (C_(n)^(2)=10^(-15)m^(-2/3)), the recognition accuracy of FOAM modes at 0.1 and 0.01 resolution with our model is up to 99.12% and 92.24% for a long transmission distance of 2000 m. Even for the resolution at 0.001, the recognition accuracy can still remain at 78.77%. This work provides an effective method for the recognition of FOAM modes, which may largely improve the channel capacity of the free-space optical communication.

关键词： OAM free-space optical communication deep learning convolutional neural network

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High-speed railway track components inspection framework based on YOLOv8 with high-performance model deployment

High-Speed Railway

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High-Speed Railway 2024年第1期2卷 42-50页

作者： youzhi Tang Yu Qian Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of South CarolinaColumbia 29208USA

Railway inspection poses significant challenges due to the extensive use of various components in vast railway networks,especially in the case of high-speed railways.These networks demand high maintenance but offer only limited inspection windows.In response,this study focuses on developing a high-performance rail inspection system tailored for high-speed railways and railroads with constrained inspection timeframes.This system leverages the latest artificial intelligence advancements,incorporating YOLOv8 for detection.Our research introduces an efficient model inference pipeline based on a producer-consumer model,effectively utilizing parallel processing and concurrent computing to enhance performance.The deployment of this pipeline,implemented using C++,TensorRT,float16 quantization,and oneTBB,represents a significant departure from traditional sequential processing methods.The results are remarkable,showcasing a substantial increase in processing speed:from 38.93 Frames Per Second(FPS)to 281.06 FPS on a desktop system equipped with an Nvidia RTX A6000 GPU and from 19.50 FPS to 200.26 FPS on the Nvidia Jetson AGX Orin edge computing platform.This proposed framework has the potential to meet the real-time inspection requirements of high-speed railways.

关键词： High-speed railway Track inspection Computer vision Deep learning Edge computing Real-time decision making

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The learning curve for transurethral enucleation with bipolar energy for benign prostate hyperplasia:a single-surgeon experience of 494 patients

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2024年第3期26卷 288-294页

作者： Byeongdo song Sang Hun song Seong Jin Jeong Department of Urology Seoul National University Bundang HospitalSeongnam 13620Korea Department of Urology Seoul National University College of MedicineSeoul 03080Korea

This study was performed to investigate the learning curve of transurethral enucleation with bipolar energy(TUEB)for benignprostatic hyperplasia.The study involved 494 consecutive patients who underwent TUEB for benign prostatic hyperplasia fromAugust 2018 to March 2022 by one surgeon(SJJ,Seoul National University Bundang Hospital,Seongnam,Korea).The patientswere followed up at 1 week,1 month,3 months,and 6 months postoperatively.To evaluate the learning curve of TUEB,perioperativeparameters including the enucleation ratio(enucleated tissue weight/transitional zone volume),TUEB efficiency(enucleatedtissue weight/operation time),and enucleation efficiency(enucleated tissue weight/enucleation time)were analyzed.Functionaloutcomes and postoperative complications were also assessed,including the International Prostate Symptom Score(IPSS),IPSSquality-of-life(QoL)score,and uroflowmetry outcomes.The patients’median age was 72(interquartile range[IQR]:66–78)years,and the estimated prostate volume and transitional zone volume were 63.0(IQR:46.0–90.6)ml and 37.1(IQR:24.0–60.0)ml,respectively.The enucleation ratio,TUEB efficiency,and enucleation efficiency were 0.60(IQR:0.46–0.54)g ml−1,0.33(IQR:0.22–0.46)g min−1,and 0.50(IQR:0.35–0.72)g min−1,respectively,plateauing after 70 cases.The functional outcomes,including total IPSS,IPSS QoL score,and uroflowmetry outcomes,significantly improved at 6 months after TUEB(all P<0.05),but without significant differences over the learning curve.Sixty-five(13.2%)patients developed complications after TUEB,21.5%of whom experienced major complications(Clavien–Dindo grade≥3).The rate of major complications declined as the number ofTUEB cases increased(P=0.013).Our results suggest that the efficiency of TUEB stabilized within 70 procedures.

关键词： benign prostate hyperplasia learning curve perioperative efficiency prostate transurethral enucleation with bipolar energy

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Optimizing multi-parameter distributed fiber sensors:a hybrid Rayleigh-Brillouin-Raman System approach

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第3期13卷 393-395页

作者： Kwang Yong song Dept.of Physics Chung-Ang University84 Heukseok-roDongjak-guSeoul 06974Korea

An optimized single-end hybrid Rayleigh,Brillouin,and Raman distributed fiber sensing system has been developed for simultaneous measurement of multiple parameters.This system integrates 3-bit pulse coding for the Raman signal and the Brillouin amplification of the Rayleigh-backscattered signal,discriminating strain,temperature,and vibration using a single sensing fiber.

关键词： fiber Rayleigh signal

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Elasto-inertial microfluidic separation of microspheres with submicron resolution at high-throughput

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第1期10卷 203-216页

作者： Hyunwoo Jeon song Ha Lee Jongho Shin Kicheol song Nari Ahn Jinsoo Park Department of Mechanical Engineering Chonnam National University77 Yongbong-ro Buk-guGwangju 61186Republic of Korea Analytical Engineering Team Samsung Display Co.Ltd.181 Samsung-roTangjeong-myeonAsan-siChungcheongnam-do 31454Republic of Korea

Elasto-inertial microfluidic separation offers many advantages including high throughput and separation resolution.Even though the separation efficiency highly depends on precise control of the flow conditions,no concrete guidelines have been reported yet in elasto-inertial microfluidics.Here,we propose a dimensionless analysis for precise estimation of the microsphere behaviors across the interface of Newtonian and viscoelastic fluids.Reynolds number,modified Weissenberg number,and modified elastic number are used to investigate the balance between inertial and elastic lift forces.Based on the findings,we introduce a new dimensionless number defined as the width of the Newtonian fluid stream divided by microsphere diameter.The proposed dimensionless analysis allows us to predict whether the microspheres migrate across the co-flow interface.The theoretical estimation is found to be in good agreement with the experimental results using 2.1-and 3.2-μm-diameter polystyrene microspheres in a co-flow of water and polyethylene oxide solution.Based on the theoretical estimation,we also realize submicron separation of the microspheres with 2.1 and 2.5μm in diameter at high throughput,high purity(>95%),and high recovery rate(>97%).The applicability of the proposed method was validated by separation of platelets from similar-sized Escherichia coli(E.coli).

关键词： solution. separation estimation

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