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Optimization of bio-oil production parameters from the pyrolysis of elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum) using response surface methodology

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Clean Energy 2024年第5期8卷 241-251页

作者： Sunday C.Ikpeseni Samuel O.Sada Ufuoma J.Efetobor Henry O.Orugba Mathias Ekpu Hilary I.Owamah Jeremiah L.Chukwuneke solomon oyebisi Uche P.Onochie Department of Mechanical Engineering Delta State UniversityP.M.B.1AbrakaNigeria Department of Mechanical Engineering Delta State PolytechnicP.M.B.3Otefe-OgharaNigeria Department of Chemical Engineering Delta State UniversityP.M.B.1AbrakaNigeria Department of Civil Engineering Delta State UniversityP.M.B.1AbrakaNigeria Department of Mechanical Engineering Nnamdi Azikiwe UniversityP.M.B.2025AwkaNigeria Department of Civil Engineering Covenant UniversityP.M.B.1023OttaNigeria Department of Civil Engineering The University of the South PacificP.M.B.9072SuvaFiji Department of Mechanical Engineering Delta State University of Science and TechnologyP.M.B.5OzoroNigeria

The need to increase bio-oil yield from biomass and enhance its fuel properties has driven research into optimizing the pyrolysis *** study investigated the influence of three key process parameters—temperature,heating rate,and nitrogen flow rate—on the pyrolysis of elephant grass(Pennisetum purpureum)in a fixed-bed *** surface methodology was used to study the im-pact of the aforementioned variables on bio-oil yield to improve its production *** analysis of the biomass revealed 79.24 wt%volatile matter,14.22 wt%fixed carbon,and 5.86%ash,with ultimate analysis showing 45.44%carbon,5.59%hydrogen,and 40.95%*** high volatile matter content and favourable carbon and hydrogen percentages indicate that elephant grass is a vi-able energy source due to its potential for high bio-oil yield and energy *** resulting bio-oil exhibited a higher heating value of 20.9 MJ/kg,indicating its suitability for various heating applications.A second-order regression model was developed for bio-oil yield,with optimal conditions identified as a temperature of 550°C,a heating rate of 17°C/min,and a nitrogen flow rate of 6 ml/*** study achieved an optimal bio-oil yield of 59.03 wt%,and the model’s high R²value of 0.8683 from analysis of variance analysis confirmed its predictive *** research highlights elephant grass as a sustainable feedstock for bio-oil production,offering valuable insights into optimizing pyrolysis conditions to enhance bio-oil yield,thus advancing biofuel technology.

关键词： renewable energy biomass sustainable feedstock regression model fixed-bed reactor

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Quality of Accounting Information and Internal Audit Characteristics in Nigeria

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Journal of Modern Accounting and Auditing 2017年第8期13卷 333-344页

作者： oyebisi Ogundana Stephen Ojeka Michael Ojua Chukwu Nwaze Bells University of Technology Ota Nigeria Covenant University Ota Nigeria

The basic goal of accounting is to provide quality accounting information that will aid reliable decision-making. The quality level of this accounting information comes from the company＇s governance practices, thereby emphasizing the importance of corporate governance in companies. Recently, following the financial crises resulting in accounting scandals, attention has been moving towards internal audit function as an important factor in the structure of corporate governance. This paper therefore examined the extent of the relationship between internal audit function and the quality of accounting information of companies. The study adopted the survey research design. The research instrument employed was questionnaire which was administered to internal auditors of the ＂Big Four＂. Linear regression analysis was employed in the analysis of the data collected with the use of Statistical Packages for Social Sciences （SPSS）. The results revealed that there is a significant relationship between the internal audit characteristics and the quality of accounting information. It was recommended that in order to provide credibility to the financial statement, there should be a law in place mandating attachment of internal auditors report to the financial statement.

关键词： accounting quality accouming report corporate governance fraud internal auditing

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