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Parental Knowledge of Pre-Hospital Management of Avulsed Permanent Tooth in Children at Kath

Open Journal of Stomatology 2024年第2期14卷 87-102页

作者： Ama Agyeibea Amuasi Samuel K. Addo solomon obiri-yeboah Department of Child Oral Health & Orthodontics School of Medicine and Dentistry College of Health Sciences Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Sciences School of Medicine and Dentistry College of Health Sciences Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana

BACKGROUND: Permanent tooth avulsion is one of the severe forms of dental traumatic injuries. The immediate action taken at the site of the accident is crucial to the prognosis of the tooth. Replantation is considered as the treatment of choice. OBJECTIVE: The study was undertaken to assess the knowledge of parents who accompany their children to the pediatric dental clinic, KATH on the pre-hospital management of avulsed permanent tooth in children. METHODS: A researcher administered structured questionnaire was used to collect data on the knowledge of pre-hospital management of avulsed permanent tooth from 83 parents who accompanied their wards to the pediatric dental clinic at KATH. RESULTS: A total of 83 parents were involved in the study. 30 (36%) were males while 53 (64%) were females. The majority of the parents (57%) were either university trained or had attended college of education. Only 32 parents (39%) were aware of the possibility of replantation. Majority of the parents chose non-physiologic media as the transport media of choice and only 10% would attempt self-replantation before seeking professional help. 76 parents (92%) had no previous education on pre-hospital management of avulsed tooth. CONCLUSION: The results obtained from this study indicate that parental knowledge on pre-hospital management of avulsed permanent tooth is low hence the need for massive public educational campaigns.

关键词： Parental Knowledge Tooth Avulsion Pre-Hospital Management Permanent Tooth

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Concordance between Clinical and Histopathological Diagnoses at Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital Oral and Maxillofacial Unit

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Surgical Science 2013年第3期4卷 210-212页

作者： Alexander Acheampong Oti Peter Donkor solomon obiri-yeboah Michael Yelibora Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital Kumasi Ghana

Background: Accurate diagnosis of orofacial tumours is important as this determines the treatment options as well as the eventual treatment outcome. Agreement between clinical and histopathological diagnosis becomes important in this regard. Aims: The aim was to determine the level of agreement between clinical and histopathology diagnosis of orofacial lesions. Method: This is a retrospective study of all histopathology reports seen at KATH maxillofacial unit. Thedata collected included, clinical diagnosis and histological diagnosis. Results: A total of 567 histopathology reports were evaluated. The percentage of agreement between clinical and histopathological diagnosis was 62.8%. Conclusion: The agreement between clinical and histopathological diagnosis was high. However clinicians cannot rely on only the clinical diagnosis in managing patients.

关键词： Histopathology Biopsy Concordance Diagnosis

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Salivary Gland Tumours at Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Ghana

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Surgical Science 2013年第2期4卷 135-139页

作者： Alexander Acheampong Oti Peter Donkor solomon obiri-yeboah Osei Afriyie-Owusu Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital Kumasi Ghana

In African studies on salivary gland tumours, there are considerable epidemiological differences in different parts of the continent. There is no study of salivary gland tumours from the second largest hospital in Ghana, Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital. Aim: This study was to look at the prevalence and demographic distribution of salivary gland tumours at the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital (KATH). Method: Histopathologically diagnosed salivary gland tumours of consecutive patients were evaluated. The study duration was from 1999 to 2010 October. Result: The total number of salivary gland tumours were 121. Male to female ratio was 1.75:1. Out of the total of 34 salivary malignancies seen, male to female ratio was 1.8:1. Malignant tumour was 28.1% while 71.9% were benign. Mean age for malignancy was 53.5 years (SD = 9.7) and that for benign was 35.5 years (SD = 8.2). Conclusion: The commonest benign tumour of the parotid was Pleomorphic adenoma (48.3%) which is consistent with most of the African and western reports. Warthin’s tumour prevalence was higher than most of the studies from Africa.

关键词： Salivary Gland Pleomorphic Benign

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Etiology, Prevalence, and Management of Oral and Maxillofacial Soft Tissue Injuries in Children at the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi-Ghana

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Open Journal of Stomatology 2023年第8期13卷 243-255页

作者： Robert Nii Lamy Larmie Ama Agyeibea Amuasi solomon obiri-yeboah Alexander Oti Acheampong Peter Donkor Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital Kumasi Ghana School of Medicine and Dentistry Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana Department of Orthodontics and Child Oral Health KomfoAnokye Teaching Hospital Kumasi Ghana

Background: Maxillofacial injury may vary from simple soft tissue lacerations to complex fractures of the orofacial region. Soft tissue injuries, whether isolated or in combination with other injuries, form part of the frequent traumatic craniofacial injuries seen at the emergency department. The force of impact and the injury type is directly related to the severity of the injury sustained. This study aimed to analyze the etiological factors, prevalence, and management of oral and maxillofacial soft tissue injuries at the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital. Methods: This was a prospective study that involved children presenting with oral and maxillofacial injuries at the Accident and Emergency Department and the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery unit of the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital in Kumasi between the period of April to October 2020 (6 months). Patient selection was by convenience sampling targeting all children with injuries who met the inclusion criteria. Inclusion criteria were children below the age of 18 years whose parents or caregivers consent to participation. Children with maxillofacial injuries as a result of burns were excluded from the study. Results: During the study period a total of 134 children were reviewed with oral and maxillofacial injuries at KATH. Of these, 107 (78.9%) were recorded cases of orofacial soft tissue injuries. There were 63 (58.9%) males and 44 (41.1%) females and the male-to-female ratio was 1.5:1. The age range of patients studied was 8 months – 17 years, with mean age ± SD being 9.5 ± 5.3 years. Road Traffic Crash (50.5%) was the most common etiology of which Motor cycle crash constituted 24.3% and Pedestrian knockdown was 19.6%. Falls (42.1%) were the next most common etiology. The lips (19.8%) and the forehead (18.5%) were the most frequently injured sites on the face whiles the tongue (3.3%) had the most injuries intraorally. Laceration (45.7%) was the most frequent injury reviewed, followed by abrasions (35.8%). Most of th

关键词： Laceration Soft Tissue Injury Etiology Maxillofacial Injury Prevalence Management Children

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Adult Cleft Lip Repair under Local Anaesthesia: The Ghana Experience

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Modern Plastic Surgery 2016年第4期6卷 27-32页

作者： solomon obiri-yeboah Micheal Yeliborah Alexander Oti Acheampong Samuel Kodjo Ansah John H. Grant Peter Donkor Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital Kumasi Ghana University of Alabama at Birmingham Alabama Children’s Hospital Birmingham AL USA

Background: Unlike developed countries where adult primary cleft lip and palate cases are barely nonexistent, developing countries still have a backlog of adults with unrepaired cleft lip and palate. Method: A retrospective review of adult/adolescent cleft lip repair under local anesthesia was performed between 2012 and 2015. Results: Fifty six (56) adolescent and adults were seen comprising 35 females and 21 males. Forty two patients presented with unrepaired unilateral cleft lip of which only 6 were complete;4 were unrepaired bilateral cleft lip and 10 were revisions. The lowest age was 13 years (two patients) and the highest age was 66 years (one patient). The mean weight was 54 kg. The mean anaesthetic time including waiting time was 12.94 minutes and mean operation time was 56.52 minutes. Majority of the patients were discharged same day except for five who needed to stay overnight because of distance from their home. There were no reported early postoperative complications and wound healing was uneventful for all the patients. Conclusion: Cleft lip repair in adults under local anesthesia is safe, effective and less expensive. A modification in technique with minimal dissection and efficiency is essential in such cases.

关键词： Adult Adolescent Cleft Lip Local Anaesthesia

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Usage of Potential Teratogenic Chemical Preparations among Mothers of Children Attending the Multidisciplinary Cleft Clinic at the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Ghana

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Modern Plastic Surgery 2014年第1期4卷 11-15页

作者： Alexander Acheampong Oti Gyikua Plange-Rhule solomon obiri-yeboah Daniel Kwasi Sabbah Peter Donkor Dental School Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital Kumasi Ghana Medical School Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana

Objective: The purpose of this study is to determine the usage of potential teratogenic chemicals among cleft lip and palate mothers attending a multidisciplinary cleft clinic at Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital (KATH). Method: This is a retrospective study based on records of consecutive patients attending the multidisciplinary cleft clinic at KATH. Mothers of children with cleft lip and palate formed the study sample. Information on the use of chemical agents by the mothers either before or during the first three months of pregnancy was collected on to a specially designed form. The study period was from January 2006 to December 2012. Setting: The study was carried out in a multidisciplinary cleft clinic at Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital in Ghana. The clinic is the main referral centre for the northern sector of Ghana for cleft lip and palate care. Results: Chemical preparations usage ranged from 0.2% for tobacco to 25.3% for skin lightening creams. Other agents used include, enema, non-proprietary concoctions and prednisolone tablets. 2.1% of the mothers ingested alcohol during pregnancy. Conclusion: There is a high level of usage of potentially teratogenic chemicals among cleft mothers attending the multidisciplinary cleft lip and palate clinic at the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital in Ghana. Further studies are, however, required to clarify any relationship this may have with the development of orofacial clefts.

关键词： Cleft Lip Palate Chemical Teratogenic

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Maxillofacial Injuries at the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana: A Preliminary Study

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Open Journal of Stomatology 2021年第3期11卷 133-147页

作者： solomon obiri-yeboah Robert Nii Lamy Larmie Nana Tuffour Ampem Gyimah Alexander Oti Acheampong Elijah Asomaoh Peter Donkor School of Medicine and Dentistry Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital Kumasi Ghana

Background: The aetiology and pattern of maxillofacail injuries vary in different parts of the world and even the same country. The purpose of the study was to determine the epidemiology of maxillofacial injuries at a tertiary Hospital in Ghana. Methodology: This is a six-month (January to June 2015) prospective study. Information on age, sex, aetiology, injury type etc. was collected using a specialized design data collection form. Data was analyzed using the SPSS 17th version. Ethical approval was obtained. Result: The total study sample was 111 with a male to female ratio of 2.5:1. Majority (34.2%) were within the ages of 21 to 30 years. Majority of the victims were urban dwellers. Most of the injuries occurred on the highway (42.3%) and in the evening (35.2%). Only a small percentage (5.4%) of the road traffic crashes (RTC) victims were in some form of protection. Twenty-one (18.9%) of the injuries were intentional, of which 18 (85.7%) were assault. The commonest maxillofacial injury was a combination of soft and hard tissues 72 (64.7%). The commonest cause of maxillofacial soft tissue injuries was RTC, 72.8%. Laceration (55.6%) was the most common soft tissue injury recorded. Mandibular fractures constituted the commonest hard tissue injuries. Conclusion: This study has shown that road traffic crashes are the most common cause of injuries to the maxillofacial region. The mandible is the most frequent site of fracture, while the commonest soft tissue injury is laceration. Majority of the victims were young energetic males and adherence to road traffic regulations was very low.

关键词： Maxillofacial Injury Road Traffic Crush Mandibular Le Forte Fracture

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Expectations of Caregivers of Patients with Cleft Lip and Palate Attending the Cleft Clinic of KATH for the First Time

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Surgical Science 2022年第10期13卷 449-459页

作者： Emile Kouakou Tano Priscilla Felicia Tano Paa Ekow Hoyte-Williams Alexander Oti Acheampong Peter Donkor solomon obiri yeboah Department of Surgery Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital Kumasi Ghana School of Medicine and Dentistry Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana

Background: Cleft lip and palate (CLP) is one of the most prevalent congenital malformations affecting the face worldwide, with high prevalence in Asians, Americans, and Caucasians and low in Africans. Orofacial Clefts (OFCs) are among the causes of perinatal death in Ghana. The children often experience difficulties in swallowing, feeding, and speaking. These children often face problems in cognition, education, and communication. Caregivers’ ignorance of treatment, poverty, and noncompliance with follow-up schedules are obstacles to optimal cleft care. Most studies focus on the incidence of cleft, but not much is known about caregivers’ expectations. Methodology: An exploratory qualitative study design was used for this research between October and November 2020. The study site was the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, (KATH), Kumasi, Ghana. The respondents were recruited from the oral health clinic. Included in the study were all CLP caregivers attending the cleft clinic for the first time. Purposive sampling was used to select fifteen caregivers who met the inclusion criteria. Face-to-face interviews with a semi-structured interview guide were used to collect data. The data were analyzed using NVivo software. Three major themes and six sub-themes emerged from the data analysis using thematic analysis. Ethical clearance was obtained for data collection. Results: Most caregivers were expecting their babies to be operated on, and they were certain that the cleft would be repaired at the end of the treatment, but they were unfamiliar with the process and cost of treatment. Less than half of the caregivers reported that they were oblivious to what to expect the first time visiting but had hopes that the healthcare professionals would be able to close the cleft for their babies. Conclusion: The majority of the caregivers expressed fear and disappointment at the diagnosis of their child. Some caregivers were very scared to the level where they had to hide the babies from

关键词： Cleft Lip and Palate Caregivers Congenital Abnormalities Malformation

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Non-Random Distribution of Human Orofacial Clefts in Ghana: Gene-Environment Interactions

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Open Journal of Stomatology 2018年第2期8卷 35-52页

作者： Lord Jephthah Joojo Gowans solomon obiri-yeboah Alexander Acheampong Oti Fareed Kow Nanse Arthur Peter Twumasi Pius Agbenorku Gyikua Plange-Rhule Peter Donkor Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST) Kumasi Ghana Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Dental School KNUST Kumasi Ghana Cleft-Craniofacial Clinic Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital (KATH) Kumasi Ghana Department of Surgery School of Medical Sciences KNUST Kumasi Ghana Department of Child Health School of Medical Sciences KNUST Kumasi Ghana

Human orofacial clefts (OFCs) are congenital anomalies that result from the breakdown of normal mechanisms that regulate the formation of the human face. They could be syndromic or non-syndromic, with a global incidence of 1:700 per live births. Environmental and genetic factors are thought to play various roles in the aetiology of OFCs. This study seeks to establish the diversity, distribution and pattern of inheritance of OFCs as well as environmental and other risk factors associated with OFCs in a Ghanaian population. A family-based, descriptive cross-sectional study that employed an interview-based survey questionnaire was used to obtain information from 467 families with history of OFCs. We employed chi-square statistics to analyse the data and used graphs to interpret the data. All previously reported subphenotypes of OFCs were observed by the present study. Clinically, about 12% of clefts in the study population were syndromic. The most common syndromic forms observed were Pierre Robin Sequence, cleft-with-club foot abnormalities and Van der Woude Syndrome. Only about 5% of clefts in the study cohort were familial. The study also established that lower level of education of parents, poverty, late antenatal care and dietary folate deficiency are major environmental factors associated with clefts in the Ghanaian population. In conclusion, OFCs are non-randomly distributed in Ghana and folate deficiency could likely be a source of genetic mutations and “epimutations” that cause OFCs, since folate is essential for DNA methylation, replication and repair as well as histone modification.

关键词： Orofacial Clefts (OFCs) Folate Deficiency Low Socio-Economic Status Non-Random Distribution Pattern of Inheritance

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Informed Consent under the Ghana Health Service Patients Charter: Practice and Awareness

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2016年第4期4卷 63-67页

作者： Alexander Acheampong Oti Ernest Owusu-Dapaah Chris Adomako-Kwaakye Daniel Kwesi Sabbah solomon obiri-yeboah Ama Amuasi Adu Tutu Amankwa Ebenezer Adjei-Bediako Eva Adu-Boakye Dental School Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana School of Medical Sciences Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana Faculty of Law Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana Family Medicine Directorate Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital Kumasi Ghana

Background: Every human being of adult years and sound mind has a right to determine what shall be done with his/her own body. Patient autonomy and the practice of informed patient consent are now pivotal in medical practice. Aim: To assess patient’s knowledge of Patients’ Rights Charter and whether patients receive adequate information to enable them make an informed consent to a particular treatment. Methodology: Patients who were undergoing elective surgery from selected surgical departments of Komfo Anokye teaching hospital in Kumasi were randomly selected and assisted to answer structured questionnaire without the knowledge of their doctors. The study period was in June to December (2014). Descriptive analysis was done using SPSS (II) of the results. Results: 84.7% (144) had no idea about the Patients’ Rights Charter of the Ghana Health Service. 75% (128) did not know or had not heard of informed patient consent. Of those who knew of the charter, 85% (37) had ever stayed in a developed country. 60% (102) did not know of their diagnosis. 79% (134) said the doctor only asked them to either sign or thumb print the consent document without giving them treatment options or possible complications. Conclusion: Most of respondents undergoing various surgical procedures at the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital were not aware of the existence of the Patients’ Rights Charter of the Ghana Health Service. Again, practitioners did not provide sufficient information to patients for them to make an informed decision about their health.

关键词： Informed Consent Patient Charter Autonomy

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