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The power of chromosome-scale, haplotype-resolved genomes

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Molecular Plant 2022年第3期15卷 393-395页

作者： patrick P.Edger Department of Horticulture Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824USA Genetics and Genome Sciences Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824USA

The assembly of chromosome-scale and haplotype-resolved reference genomes is now more easily attainable,largely due to various improvements in both assembly algorithms and long-read sequencing technologies(see recent review by Michael and VanBuren,2020).Due to these technological advancements,there has been a shift away from using highly inbred accessions,in some instances double haploids,to instead assembling the genomes of important reference *** example,a haplotype-resolved genome was recently assembled for an important cultivated garden strawberry(Fragaria x ananassa)cultivar Royal Royce.

关键词： cultivar resolved instead

From Hai Yao, Yang Yao to Xi Yao: Sinification of Material Medical from the West

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Chinese Medicine and Culture 2023年第4期6卷 319-329页

作者： patrick Chiu Hong Kong Society for the History of Pharmacy Hong Kong 999077China International Center for Drug Control Policy Studies Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China

In ancient China, Daoist philosophers developed the concepts of qi(energy), Wu Xing(five elements), and yin(feminine, dark, negative) and yang(masculine, bright, positive) opposite forces between 200 and 600 BCE. Based on these philosophies, Zhen Jiu(acupuncture), Ben Cao(materia medica), and the practice of Qi Gong(energy optimization movements) evolved as the three interrelated therapeutic regimens of Chinese medicine(Note 1). Since the time of Zhang Qian, who discovered China's western regions in the 1st century BCE, Hai Yao(the exotic elements of materia medica from the maritime Silk Road countries), had been transmitted from the ancient land and maritime routes of the Silk Road to China in the past two millennia(Note 2). Since the late 17th century, the English East India Company, later called the British East India Company, introduced Yang Yao(opium) to the Manchu Qing Empire to balance a growing trade deficit for tea export from China to the British Empire. After the First Opium War ended in 1842, enterprising expatriate chemists and druggists in the treaty ports imported Xi Yao(modern medicines from the Western world) for sale to the merchant navy and the local market. From the second half of the 19th century onwards, both Hai Yao and Xi Yao have become a fully integrated part of modern China's armamentarium for the Chinese medicine and Western hospitals and retail pharmacy sectors. This paper articulates the journey of adoption of exotic elements of materia medica from the ancient land and sea routes of the Silk Road, including the western regions and the rest of the world in the past two millennia. Opium traders, ship surgeons, medical and pharmaceutical missionaries, enterprising traders, and policymakers together transformed Ben Cao into Xi Yao during the late Manchu Qing dynasty and the early Nationalist Era.

关键词： Hai Yao Materia Medica Opium Cures Xi Yao Yang Yao

Poincaréand Logarithmic Sobolev Inequalities for Nearly Radial Measures

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2022年第8期38卷 1377-1398页

作者： patrick CATTIAUX Arnaud GUILLIN Li Ming WU Institut de Mathématiques de Toulouse CNRS UMR 5219UniversitéPaul Sabatier118 Route de NarbonneF-31062 Toulouse Cedex 09 Laboratoire de Mathématiques Blaise Pascal CNRS UMR 6620UniversitéClermont-AuvergneAvenue des LandaisF-63177 Aubiere

Poincaréinequality has been studied by Bobkov for radial measures,but few are known about the logarithmic Sobolev inequality in the radial *** try to fill this gap here using different methods:Bobkov's argument and super-Poincaréinequalities,direct approach via L_(1)-logarithmic Sobolev *** also give various examples where the obtained bounds are quite *** bounds obtained by Lee–Vempala in the log-concave bounded case are refined for radial measures.

关键词： Radial measure log-concave measure Poincaréinequality logarithmic Sobolev inequality super-Poincaréinequality

Smooth free-cycle dynamic soaring in unspecified shear wind via quadratic programming

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2022年第7期35卷 19-29页

作者： Haichao HONG Benedikt GRüTER patrick PIPREK Florian HOLZAPFEL Institute of Flight System Dynamics Technical University of MunichGarching D-85748Germany

Harvesting wind energy is promising for extending long-endurance flights,which can be greatly facilitated by a flight technique called dynamic *** presented study is concerned with generating model-based trajectories with smooth control histories for dynamic soaring maneuvers exploiting wind *** desired smoothness is achieved by introducing a trigonometric series parameterization for the controls,which are formulated with respect to the normalized ***,the periodicity of the trigonometric functions is leveraged to facilitate the connection of cycles and streamline the problem *** relying on a specified wind profile,a freefinal-time quadratic programming-based control strategy is developed for the online correction of the flight trajectory,which requires only the instant wind *** and online numerical studies show the trade-off to achieve the smoothness and demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method in a varying wind field.

关键词： Dynamic soaring Optimal control Quadratic programming Trajectory generation Trigonometric series

Trip and mode choice decisions to out-patient health care facilities:A longitudinal analysis

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Journal of Management Science and Engineering 2022年第2期7卷 173-196页

作者： patrick McCarthy School of Economics Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlanta30332USA Center for Economics Financeand ManagementHunan University Changsha410082China

This paper analyzes the impact of health indicators on an individual's trip and mode choices to out-patient care *** study's focus is an out-patient trip to a health care facility,and the source of data is the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study(CHARLS)for 2011.2013 and *** on a random utility framework,the study finds that making a rip to ureat an ilness or for a check-up increases the likelihood of an out-patient trip by 52 and 31 probability points,***-patient visits for which in-surance is not relevant,When the individual pays most of the out:of-pocket costs and when the facility is a public facility are also important *** and other per-sonal health factors have some but much more modest effects on one's trip *** analysis also identifies differential modal impacts of health indicators.A series of robustness tests generally confirm the results and identify areas for further *** a no-trip option,the biannual sunvey and infrequent out-patient trip-making mitigate endogeneity *** analysis has broad health policy and transportation implications for an ageing population whose share is increasing.

关键词： Health indicators Healthpolicy Out-patient Tripchoice Modechoice Ageing Longitudinal Random utility model China CHARLS

Rapid Evaluation and Response to Impacts on Critical End-Use Loads Following Natural Hazard-Driven Power Outages:A Modular and Responsive Geospatial Technology

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2022年第3期13卷 415-434页

作者： patrick D.Royer Wei Du Kevin Schneider Energy and Environment Pacific Northwest National LaboratoryRichlandWA99352USA

The disparate nature of data for electric power utilities complicates the emergency recovery and response *** reduced efficiency of response to natural hazards and disasters can extend the time that electrical service is not available for critical end-use loads,and in extreme events,leave the public without power for extended *** article presents a methodology for the development of a semantic data model for power systems and the integration of electrical grid topology,population,and electric distribution line reliability indices into a unified,cloud-based,serverless framework that supports power system operations in response to extreme *** iterative and pragmatic approach to working with large and disparate datasets of different formats and types resulted in improved application runtime and efficiency,which is important to consider in real time decision-making processes during hurricanes and similar catastrophic *** technology was developed initially for Puerto Rico,following extreme hurricane and earthquake events in 2017 and 2020,but is applicable to utilities around the *** the highly abstract and modular design approach,this technology is equally applicable to any geographic region and similar natural hazard *** addition to a review of the requirements,development,and deployment of this framework,technical aspects related to application performance and response time are highlighted.

关键词： Electrical grid Hurricane response Puerto Rico Resilience and geospatial technology Software applications

Local and range-wide distribution of song types suggest Ovenbirds(Seiurus aurocapilla)have song neighborhoods but not macro-dialects

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Avian Research 2023年第2期14卷 191-199页

作者： patrick M.Jagielski Jennifer R.Foote Department of Biology Algoma UniversitySault Ste.MarieONCanada

The song systems of oscine passerines(songbirds)are complex and *** songs are used for both mate attraction and territory defense and are therefore important signals for survival and reproduction,comprehensive knowledge of within and among species song structure and distribution is informative for understanding the evolution of song repertoires and vocal *** this study,we explored variation in the song structure of the Ovenbird(Seiurus aurocapilla),a widespread warbler(Family Parulidae)found in North American *** analyzed recordings from the 2021 breeding season to assess song type variation at a local(n=158 birds;Sault ***,ON)and breeding range scale(n=512 birds;eBird).We characterized the local song types and tested whether Ovenbirds share song types with their neighbors more often than expected by *** then characterized song types of Ovenbirds across the breeding range to determine whether any geographic pattern of song clustering exists(i.e.,macro-dialects).We found 10 distinct song types and some evidence for song type clustering at the local study site(i.e.,song neighborhoods).We found 7 of those 10 song types throughout the breeding range and identified an additional 24 types that were not recorded in our local *** found no evidence for song dialects across the Ovenbird breeding *** study contributes to our understanding of Ovenbird song while simultaneously adding to our understanding of geographic structuring of warbler *** work contributes to delineating a more comprehensive understanding of factors affecting dialect development for this diverse group of songbirds.

关键词： Dialects eBird Geographic variation Ovenbird Parulidae Seiurus aurocapilla Song type

High-Throughput Field Plant Phenotyping:A Self-Supervised Sequential CNN Method to Segment Overlapping Plants

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Plant Phenomics 2023年第2期5卷 285-294页

作者： Xingche Guo Yumou Qiu Dan Nettleton patrick S.Schnable Department of Statistics Iowa State UniversityAmesIAUSA Plant Sciences Institute Iowa State UniversityAmesIAUSA Department of Agronomy Iowa State UniversityAmesIAUSA

High-throughput plant phenotyping—the use of imaging and remote sensing to record plant growth dynamics—is becoming more widely *** first step in this process is typically plant segmentation,which requires a well-labeled training dataset to enable accurate segmentation of overlapping ***,preparing such training data is both time and labor *** solve this problem,we propose a plant image processing pipeline using a self-supervised sequential convolutional neural network method for in-field phenotyping *** first step uses plant pixels from greenhouse images to segment nonoverlapping in-field plants in an early growth stage and then applies the segmentation results from those early-stage images as training data for the separation of plants at later growth *** proposed pipeline is efficient and self-supervising in the sense that no human-labeled data are *** then combine this approach with functional principal components analysis to reveal the relationship between the growth dynamics of plants and *** show that the proposed pipeline can accurately separate the pixels of foreground plants and estimate their heights when foreground and background plants overlap and can thus be used to efficiently assess the impact of treatments and genotypes on plant growth in a field environment by computer vision *** approach should be useful for answering important scientific questions in the area of high-throughput phenotyping.

关键词： computer preparing Plant

A novel cationic collector for silicon removal from collophane using reverse flotation under acidic conditions

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2023年第6期30卷 1038-1047页

作者： Zhongxian Wu Dongping Tao Youjun Tao Man Jiang patrick Zhang School of Resources and Environmental Engineering Shandong University of TechnologyZibo 255049China Key Laboratory of Coal Processing and Efficient Utilization of Ministry of Education China University of Mining&TechnologyXuzhou 221116China School of Chemical Engineering and Technology China University of Mining&TechnologyXuzhou 221116China Florida Industrial and Phosphate Research Institute Florida Polytechnic UniversityFlorida 33830USA

We analyzed a novel cationic collector using chemical plant byproducts,such as cetyltrimethylammonium bromide(CTAB)and dibutyl phthalate(DBP).Our aim is to establish a highly effective and economical process for the removal of quartz from collophane.A microflotation test with a 25 mg·L^(−1)collector at pH value of 6-10 demonstrates a considerable difference in the floatability of pure quartz and *** tests for a collophane sample subjected to the first reverse flotation for magnesium removal demonstrates that a rough flotation process(using a 0.4 kg·t−1 new collector at pH=6)results in a collophane concentrate with 29.33wt%P_(2)O_(5)grade and 12.66wt%SiO2 at a 79.69wt%P_(2)O_(5)recovery,providing desirable *** studies using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,zeta potential,and contact angle measurements show that the adsorption capacity of the new collector for quartz is higher than that for *** synergistic effect of DBP increases the difference in hydrophobicity between quartz and *** maximum defoaming rate of the novel cationic collector reaches 142.8 mL·min−*** is considerably higher than that of a conventional cationic collector.

关键词： cationic collector collophane defoaming quartz reverse flotation