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Cortico-centric effects of general anesthetics on cerebrocortical evoked potentials

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2015年第6期31卷 697-704页

作者： Logan J.Voss James W.sleigh Anaesthesia Department Waikato District Health Board University of Auckland Waikato Clinical School

Despite their ubiquitous use for rendering patients unconscious for surgery, our understanding of how general anesthetics cause hypnosis remains rudimentary at best. Recent years have seen increased interest in ＂top-down＂ cortico-centric theories of anesthetic action. The aim of this study was to explore this by investigating direct cortical effects of anesthetics on cerebrocortical evoked potentials in isolated mouse brain slices. Evoked potentials were elicited in cortical layer IV by electrical stimulation of the underlying white matter. The effects of three anesthetics （ketamine, etomidate, and isoflurane） on the amplitude, latency, and slope of short-latency evoked potentials were quantified. The N2/P3/N4 potentials - which represent the early cortical response - were enhanced by etomidate （increased P3-N4 slope, P 〈0.01）, maintained by ketamine, and reduced by isoflurane （lower N2/P3 amplitude, P 〈0.01）. These effects closely resemble those seen in vivo for the same drugs and point to a cortical mechanism independent of effects on subcortical structures such as the thalamus.

关键词： anesthesia evoked potentials corticalslice thalamus

Multiple effects of sediment transport and geomorphic processes within flood events:Modelling and understanding

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2015年第4期30卷 371-381页

作者： Mingfu Guan Nigel G.Wright P.Andrew sleigh University of Leeds

Flood events can induce considerable sediment transport which in turn influences flow *** study investigates the multiple effects of sediment transport in floods through modelling a series of hydraulic scenarios,including small-scale experimental cases and a full-scale glacial outburst flood.A non-uniform,layer-based morphodynamic model is presented which is composed of a combination of three modules:a hydrodynamic model governed by the two-dimensional shallow water equations involving sediment effects;a sediment transport model controlling the mass conservation of sediment;and a bed deformation model for updating the bed *** model is solved by a second-order Godunov-type numerical *** the modelling of the selected sediment-laden flow events,the interactions of flow and sediment transport and geomorphic processes within flood events are *** is found that the inclusion of sediment transport increases peak flow discharge,water level and water depth in dam-break flows over a flat *** a partial dam breach,sediment material has a blockage effect on the flood *** comparison with the 'sudden collapse' of a dam,a gradual dam breach significantly delays the arrival time of peak flow,and the flow hydrograph is changed *** bed erosion and deposition occur within the rapid outburst flood,which scours the river channel *** is noted that the flood propagation is accelerated after the incorporation of sediment transport,and the water level in most areas of the channel is reduced.

关键词： Sediment transport Morphodynamic model Dam-break Outburst flood

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基于希尔伯特黄熵的麻醉深度估计

中国生物医学工程学报 2008年第5期27卷 689-694页

作者：李小俚崔素媛 sleigh J W 燕山大学电气工程学院网络控制和生物信息中心秦皇岛066004 Department of Anesthesia Waikato HospitalAuckland UniversityNew Zealand

麻醉深度监测是外科手术中必不可少的步骤之一。目前已经提出多种监测麻醉深度的脑电信号分析方法,尤其熵方法得到了广泛的关注。提出一种新的麻醉深度监测方法-希尔伯特黄熵,先用经验模态分解—希尔伯特黄变换处理脑电信号获取希尔伯... 详细信息

麻醉深度监测是外科手术中必不可少的步骤之一。目前已经提出多种监测麻醉深度的脑电信号分析方法,尤其熵方法得到了广泛的关注。提出一种新的麻醉深度监测方法-希尔伯特黄熵,先用经验模态分解—希尔伯特黄变换处理脑电信号获取希尔伯特黄边际谱,再根据香农熵定义得到希尔伯特黄熵。对19个接受吸入药物七氟醚麻醉的病人脑电信号的希尔伯特黄熵和时频均衡谱熵进行计算、测试和比较,结果表明:希尔伯特黄熵能够更准确的区分麻醉和清醒状态,更适合于麻醉深度监测。

关键词：麻醉深度经验模态分解希尔伯特黄变换熵脑电信号

Physical and Numerical Modelling Applied to a Major New Port Development and Impacts of Its Deep Navigational Channel

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Journal of Shipping and Ocean Engineering 2012年第3期2卷 125-139页

作者： Md Akhtaruzzaman Sarke~ Alec sleigh Royal Haskoning Rightwell House Bretton Peterborough PE3 8DW United Kingdom

This paper describes the use of a numerical and physical modelling study in the design of large breakwaters for a new port and dry dock complex on the southern coast of Oman. The numerical modelling was carried out to optimise the entrance channel layout with respect to wave penetration into the port and to refine design conditions for the sizing of the primary armour on the breakwaters. Wave conditions inside and outside of the port have been assessed using the 2-dimensional numerical wave penetration model MIKE21 EMS （Elliptic Mild-Slope）. As part of the design process, 3D physical modelling studies were also undertaken at Delft Hydraulics in the Netherlands to confirm the stability of the armour on the trunk and roundhead of the breakwaters and to verify the influence of the deep approach channel on stability. The opportunity was taken to extend the physical model tests to assess the influence of the deep channel on wave penetration through the port entrance. The paper focuses on the influence of the deep channel on wave conditions in the entrance to the port and compares the results from the numerical and physical modelling.

关键词： Numerical and physical modeling wave propagation wave penetration breakwaters design port planning.

Cyclone and Tsunami Hazards in the Arabian Sea-A Numerical Modelling Case Study by Royal HaskoningDHV

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Journal of Shipping and Ocean Engineering 2015年第5期5卷 242-254页

作者： M. A. Sarker A. J. sleigh Royal HaskoningDHV Rightwell House Bretton Peterborough PE3 8DW United Kingdom Royal HaskoningDHV Stanley Hall Edmund Street Liverpool L3 9NG United Kingdom

Significant loss of life and damage to properties, ecosystems and marine facilities occur due to various natural hazards such as cyclones and tsunamis. Royal HaskoningDHV has developed regional hydrodynamic and wave models covering the Northern Arabian Sea to address these issues. Cyclone modelling was carried out on 11 major cyclones since 1945 and the tsunami modelling on an earthquake along the Makran Fault Line in 1945. Sample results from these modelling studies are presented in this paper. The methodology described in this article for modelling cyclones and tsunamis in the Arabian Sea could be applied to simulate these natural hazards at other sites around the world.

关键词： Numerical modelling cyclone tsunami extreme waves storm surge port development Arabian Sea.

Preliminary Assessment of Operational Downtime of Sea Ports and Berthing Facilities through Numerical Modelling

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Journal of Shipping and Ocean Engineering 2014年第5期4卷 117-128页

作者： Md Akhtaruzzaman Sarker Giang Vu Luong Alec John sleigh Rivers Deltas & Coasts Business Line Royal Haskoning DHV Peterborough PE3 8DW United Kingdom

Downtime due to adverse wave conditions for vessels at berth is an important commercial aspect in the planning and development of a sea port or a berthing terminal. This paper describes a practical technique for preliminary assessment of operational downtime at a proposed bulk terminal. Time-series wind and wave data at an offshore location was purchased. Numerical modelling was then carried out using the MIKE21 SW （spectral wave） model developed by DHI （Deutsches Hydrographisches Institut） to transform these offshore waves into inshore in order to derive wave conditions at the berth. Both wind-waves and swell-waves were considered. Waves affecting the head and beam of a vessel were considered separately for a wide range of vessel sizes with DT （displacement tonnage） ranging from 5,000 tons to 〉 200,000 tons. The limiting wave height H5% was used. Operational downtime was also calculated using significant wave height, Hs as a criterion with limits ofHs = 1.0 m for beam seas and Hs = 1.5 m for head seas. The methodology and lessons learnt from the study can be applied for the development of any sea port worldwide.

关键词： Numerical modelling wave propagation wave transformation downtime port planning bulk terminal.

成年人肺结核病的非生物危险因素病例对照研究

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中华流行病学杂志 2005年第2期26卷 92-96页

作者：王国杰 Adrian sleigh 周刚 Sukhan Jackson 刘禧礼河南省疾病预防控制中心郑州450003 National Center for Epidemiology and Population Health the Australian National University School of Economics the University of Queensland

目的　探讨影响成年人患肺结核病的非生物危险因素。方法　采用 1∶2配比病例对照研究 ,选取 15 8例 2 5～ 6 0岁的涂阳肺结核病患者作为病例组 ,每个病例选取 2名与其住所相邻、同性别、同年龄组的正常人作为对照 ;制定统一的调查表进... 详细信息

目的　探讨影响成年人患肺结核病的非生物危险因素。方法　采用 1∶2配比病例对照研究 ,选取 15 8例 2 5～ 6 0岁的涂阳肺结核病患者作为病例组 ,每个病例选取 2名与其住所相邻、同性别、同年龄组的正常人作为对照 ;制定统一的调查表进行入户调查 ;采用单因素和多因素条件logistic回归进行统计分析。结果　单因素分析有统计学意义 (P <0 .0 5 )的变量有婚姻状况、文化程度、个体经营、吸烟、外出打工史、家庭年收入、家庭收入在社区的水平、家庭财产 ;多因素分析进入模型的有统计学意义 (P <0 .0 5 )的变量为婚姻状况、个体经营、吸烟、家庭财产、外出打工史 ,其OR值分别为2 .82 6、2 .35 0、1.5 36、0 .70 7、2 .0 96。结论　单身、吸烟、个体经营、有外出打工史是肺结核病的危险因素 ,家庭经济条件好是肺结核病的保护因素 ;在结核病控制工作实践中 ,采取相应的针对性措施有助于结核病的疫情控制。

关键词：肺结核病危险因素吸烟成年人病例对照研究结核病控制 OR值生物家庭经济条件针对性

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中国物流:基础设施建设启动

中国物流与采购 2007年第23期 76-77页

作者： Jamie Bolton Andrew sleigh 吴志惠（编译）埃森哲公司物流管理专员不详

中国政府完全有理由自豪的是她的经济成就。然而在同一时间，北京也在担心经济增长带来的不平衡性：第～，中国的沿海和内陆地区在收入和生活水平上存在明显的差距，更进一步的差距表现在城市和农村之间。第二，中国的经济增长主要依靠... 详细信息

中国政府完全有理由自豪的是她的经济成就。然而在同一时间，北京也在担心经济增长带来的不平衡性：第～，中国的沿海和内陆地区在收入和生活水平上存在明显的差距，更进一步的差距表现在城市和农村之间。第二，中国的经济增长主要依靠投资和出口。出口所占国内生产总值的比例超过36％，而巴西和印度则分别为22．7％和21．1％。

关键词：中国物流基础设施建设经济增长带国内生产总值经济成就中国政府生活水平内陆地区

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外出打工者肺结核病危险因素分析

中国公共卫生 2006年第2期22卷 211-212页

作者：王国杰 Adrian sleigh Sukhan Jackson 刘禧礼河南省疾病预防控制中心结核病控制所郑州450003 澳大利亚国立大学流行病学与人群健康国家中心澳大利亚昆土兰大学经济学院

目的分析外出打工者肺结核病危险因素。方法采用病例对照研究，选取51名近3年具有外出打工史的25～60岁的涂阳肺结核病人为病例组，同时从病例住所左右邻居中选取57名年龄在25～60岁之间、近3年有外出打工史的健康人作对照；制定统一... 详细信息

目的分析外出打工者肺结核病危险因素。方法采用病例对照研究，选取51名近3年具有外出打工史的25～60岁的涂阳肺结核病人为病例组，同时从病例住所左右邻居中选取57名年龄在25～60岁之间、近3年有外出打工史的健康人作对照；制定统一的调查表进行入户调查；采用非条件Logistic回归进行分析。结果单因素分析显示，有统计学意义（P〈0．05）的因素有工作场所条件不舒适、每天工作时间较长（〉8h）、每周无休息日、不能按时吃饭，以及婚姻史中的单身、不良嗜好中的吸烟2个因素。其OR值分别为4．80，4．56。3．96。3．94，4．53，2．72；多因索分析进入模型的因素（P〈0．05）有工作场所条件不舒适、每天工作时间较长（〉8h）、每周无休息日以及婚姻史中的单身，其OR值分别为3．82．4．45，3．30，5．61。结论工作场所条件不舒适、每天工作时间超过8h、每周没有休息日是外出打工者肺结核病的危险因素；改善打工者的工作环境、维护打工者的合法休息时间，有助于保障外出打工者的身体健康及结核病疫情的控制。

关键词：结核病流行病学外出打工危险因素