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Systematic study of the(n,2n)reaction cross section for^(121)Sb and^(123)Sb isotopes

Chinese Physics C 2022年第5期46卷 77-94页

作者： R.K.singh n.L.singh R.D.Chauhan Mayur Mehta S.V.Suryanarayana Rajnikant Makwana B.K.nayak H.naik tarak nath nag K.Katovsky Department of Physics Faculty of Sciencethe M.S.University of BarodaVadodara-390002INDIA Department of Physics Netaji Subhas University of TechnologyDwarkaNew Delhi-110078INDIA Institute for Plasma Research Gandhinagar-382428INDIA nuclear Physics Division Bhabha Atomic Research CentreMumbaiINDIA Radiochemistry Division Bhabha Atomic Research CentreMumbaiINDIA Department of Electrical Power Engineering Brno University of TechnologyBrno-61600Czech Republic

the cross sections of the^(121)Sb(n,2n)^(120)Sb^(m) and ^(123)Sb(n,2n)^(122)Sb reactions were measured at 12.50,15.79 and 18.87 MeV neutron energies relative to the st.n.ard ^(27)Al(n,α)^(24)na monitor reaction using neutron activation and offline γ-ray *** of the samples was performed at the BARC-tIFR Pelletron Linac Facility,Mumbai,*** quasi-monoenergetic neutrons were generated via the ^(7)Li(p,n)*** model calculations were performed by nuclear reaction codes tALYS(ver.1.9)and EMPIRE(ver.3.2.2)using various input parameters and nuclear level density *** cross sections of the ground and the isomeric state as well as the isomeric cross section ratio were studied theoretically from reaction threshold to 26 MeV *** effect of pre-equilibrium emission is also discussed in detail using different theoretical *** present measured cross sections were discussed and compared with the reported experimental data and evaluation data of the JEFF-3.3,EnDF/B-VIII.0,JEnDL/AD-2017 and t.n.L-2019 libraries.A detailed analysis of the uncertainties in the measured cross section data was performed using the covariance analysis ***,a systematic study of the(n,2n)reaction cross section for^(121)Sb and^(123)Sb isotopes was also performed within 14-15 MeV neutron energies using various systematic *** work helps to overcome discrepancies in Sb data and illustrate a better underst.n.ing of pre-equilibrium emission in the(n,2n)reaction channel.

关键词： antimony (n,2n)reaction cross section 7Li(p,n)reaction neutron source neutron activation and offlineγ-ray spectrometry systematic formulae covariance analysis tALYS(ver.1.9)and EMPIRE(ver.3.2.2)codes

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Biomass-derived bifunctional electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction and evolution reaction: A review

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第2期31卷 149-172页

作者： Satpal singh Sekhon Jaeyoung Lee Jin-Soo Park Future Environment and Energy Research Institute Sangmyung UniversityCheonan 31066Republic of Korea Department of Physics Guru Nanak Dev UniversityAmritsar 143005India Ertl Center for Electrochemistry and Catalysis Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology123 Cheomdangwagi-roBuk-guGwangju 61005Republic of Korea Department of Green Chemical Engineering College of EngineeringSangmyung UniversityCheonan 31066Republic of Korea

Oxygen electrode catalysts are import.n. as inter-conversion of O_(2) and H_(2)O is crucial for energy ***,the sluggish kinetics of oxygen reduction and evolution reactions(ORR and OER)are a hindrance to their scalable production,whereas scarce and costly Pt and Ir/Ru-based catalysts with the highest electrocatalytic activity are commercially *** good ORR catalysts are not always efficient for OER and vice versa,so bifunctional catalysts on which OER and ORR occurs on the same electrode are very *** catalysts based on heteroatom-doped carbon nanomaterials,though showed good electrocatalytic activity yet their high cost and complex synthesis is not viable for scalable *** overcome these drawbacks,biomass-derived heteroatom-doped porous carbons have recently emerged as low-cost,earth-abundant,renewable and sustainable environment-friendly materials for bifunctional oxygen *** t.n.ble morphology,mesoporous structure and high concentration of catalytic active sites of these materials due to heteroatom(n)-doping could further enhance their ORR and OER activity,along with tolerance to methanol crossover and good ***,biomassderived heteroatom-doped porous carbons with large surface area,rich edge defects,numerous micropores and thin 2 D nanoarchitecture could be suitable as efficient bifunctional oxygen *** the present article,synthesis,n-doping,ORR/OER mechanism and electrocatalytic performance of biomassderived bifunctional catalysts has been *** selected biomass(chit.n.eggs,euonymus japonicas,tobacco,lysine and plant residue)except wood,act as both C and n precursor,result.n. in n selfdoping of porous carbons that avoids the use of toxic chemicals,thus making the synthesis a facile and environment-friendly green *** synthetic strategy could be further optimized to develop future biomass-based n self-doped porous carbons as metal-free high performance bifunctional oxy

关键词： Bifunctional catalysts Biomass ORR OER n-doping Porous carbons

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Influence of slope position and aspect on the vegetation attributes and treewater relations in forests of the central Himalayas

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Journal of Mountain Science 2023年第9期20卷 2592-2602页

作者： Vidit tYAGI Surendra P.singh Ripu Daman singh Surabhi GUMBER Rajesh tHADAnI Rajiv PAnDEY Dolphin(PG)Institute of Bio-medical and natural Sciences Dehra Dun 248007India Central Himalayan Environment Association(CHEA) Dehradun 248007India Department of Forestry and Environmental Science DSB CampusKumaun UniversityNainital 263001India Centre for Ecology Development and Research(CEDAR) A-17 Mayfair GardensNew Delhi 110016India Indian Council of Forestry Research and Education(ICFRE) Dehra Dun 248007India

While the need for underst.n.ing the effects of topographical factors on forest structure and function is well recognized,comprehensive studies are *** study evaluates the effect of slope aspect and slope position on water relations and forest attributes across six forest types occurring between 400 m and 2600 m altitude in the Central Himalaya(27°-38°n).We found that predawn tree water pot.n.ial and soil water pot.n.ial were generally higher on moist.n.rth slope aspect(-0.78±0.05 MPa and-3.34±0.18 MPa,respectively)than dry south slope aspect(-0.82±0.18 MPa and-3.77±0.18 MPa,respectively).Across six different forests,these values were higher at hill base(-0.71±0.06 MPa and-2.77±0.19 MPa,tree predawn water pot.n.ial and soil water pot.n.ial,respectively)than other topographical *** favorable effect of north aspect and hill base was also observed in maintaining soil water and tree water pot.n.ial during the dry *** attributes,such as species richness,unique species and plant density were also generally higher on north slope and hill base than southern aspect and lowest at hill *** forest types,the hill base provided shelter to 46 unique species,compared to 16-18 at the other positions,thus emphasizing its import.n.e as refugia for species to survive climate change induced *** favorable conditions of hill base position not only contribute to increase in alpha diversity,but also to ext.n.ed species distributional range.

关键词： Hill base Himalaya Refugia Unique species Water relation

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Effect of Counter-Gradient in the Computation of turbulent Fluxes of Heat and Moisture in a Regional Model

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 1993年第1期10卷 85-94页

作者： S. S. Vaidya V. n. Lykossov S. S. singh Indian Institute of tropical Meteorology Pune 411008 IndiaDepartment of Numerical Mathematics Soviet Academy of Science 29 Ryleev Street MoscowIndian Institute of Tropical Meteorology Pune 411008 India

the counter-gradient terms in the computations of turbulent fluxes of heat and moisture have been included in the PBL parameterization of a regional model for monsoon prediction. Results show that inclusion of counter... 详细信息

关键词： Effect of Counter-Gradient in the Computation of turbulent Fluxes of Heat and Moisture in a Regional Model

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Evaluat.n. Fertilization Effects on Soil Physical Properties Using a Soil Quality Index in an Int.n.ive Rice-Wheat Cropping System

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Pedosphere 2016年第6期26卷 887-894页

作者： Bappa DAS Debashis CHAKRABORtY Vinod Kumar singh Mukhtar AHMED Amit Kumar singh Arijit BARMAn Division of Agricultural Physics Indian Agricultural Research InstituteNew Delhi 110012(India) Project Directorate for Farming Systems Research ModipuramMeerut 250110(India) Division of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry Indian Agricultural Research InstituteNew Delhi 110012(India)

Soil quality assessment has been suggested as an effective tool for evaluat.n. sustainability of soil and crop management *** objective of this study was to develop a sensitive soil quality index(SQI) based on bulk density(BD),water-holding capacity(WHC),water-stable aggregates(WSA),aggregate mean weight diameter(AMWD),total organic C(tOC) and C input to evaluate the import.n. rice-wheat cropping system on an Inceptisol in India.A long-term experiment has been conducted for 18 years at the Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Indian Institute of Farming Systems Research,Modipuram,*** treatments selected for this study were comprised of a no-fertilizer control and n,P and K fertilizers(nPK) combined with Zn and S fertilizers(nPK+ Zn+S),farmyard manure(nPK+FYM),green gram residues(nPK+GR) and cereal residues(nPK+CR),laid out in a randomized complete block design with three *** samples were collected and analyzed for BD,WHC,WSA and *** analysis revealed that both rice and wheat yields signi?cantly increased with the increases in AMWD,tOC and C input,but decreased with the increase in *** SQI values were then generated based on regression analysis of BD,WSA,AMWD,tOC and C input with rice and wheat yields for the 0–15 and 15–30 cm soil layers,*** analyses between crop yields and SQI values showed a quadratic type of relation with the coeffcient of determination(R^2) varying from 0.78 to *** regard to soil sustainability,applying crop residues to both rice and wheat could maintain soil quality for a longer period,whereas the highest yields of both the crops were recorded in the nPK+Zn+S *** regression equations developed in this study could be used to monitor soil quality in a subhumid tropical rice-wheat cropping system.

关键词： bulk density C input integrated nutrient management total organic C water-holding capacity water-stable aggregates

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Influence of breakup on elastic and α-production channels in the ^6Li＋^116Sn reaction

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Chinese Physics C 2017年第10期41卷 72-78页

作者： D.Patel S.Mukherjee n.Deshmukh J.Lubian 王建松 t.Correa B.K.nayak 杨彦云马维虎 D.C.Biswas Y.K.Gupta S.Santra E.t.Mirgule L.S.Danu n.L.singh A.Saxena CAS Key Laboratory of High Precision nuclear Spectroscopy and Center for nuclear Matter Science Institute of Modern Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China Department of Physics Faculty of Science The M. S. University of Baroda Vadodara-390002 India InFn Laboratori nazionali del Sud Catania Italy Instituto de Flsica Universidade Federal Fluminense Av. Litoranea s/n GragoatA Niteroi R.J. 24210-340 Brazil Instituto de AplicaCAo Fernando Rodrigues da Silveira Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro R. Santa Alexandrina 288 Rio Comprido Rio de Janeiro R J 20261-232 Brazil nuclear Physics Division Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Mumbai-400085 India

the effects of breakup reactions on elastic and α-production channels for the ^6Li＋^116Sn system have been investigated at energies below and near the Coulomb barrier. the angular distributions of α-particle production differential cross sections have been obtained at several projectile energies between 22 and 40 MeV. the measured breakup α-particle differential cross sections and elastic scattering angular distributions have been compared with the predictions of cont.n.um-discretized coupled channels（CDCC） calculations. the influence of breakup coupling has also been investigated by extract.n. dynamic polarization pot.n.ials（DPP） from the CDCC calculations. From the predictions of CDCC calculations the relative import.n.e of the nuclear, Coulomb, and total breakup contributions have also been investigated. the nuclear breakup couplings are observed to play an import.n. role in comparison to the Coulomb breakup for the direct breakup mechanisms associated in the reaction of ~6Li projectile with ^（116）Sn target.n.clei. the influence of strong nuclear breakup coupling exhibits suppression in the Coulomb-nuclear interference peak. the direct breakup cross sections from the CDCC calculations under-predict the measured α-particle differential cross sections at all energies. this suggests that the measured α particles may also have contributions from other possible breakup reaction channels.

关键词： α-elastic scattering -production channels breakup coupling effects dynamic polarization pot.n.ials

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Generation of VLF Mode Instability by Generalized Distribution Function in the Presence of Parallel AC Electric Field in Uranus

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Plasma Science and technology 2010年第4期12卷 421-425页

作者： R.S.PAnDEY M.singh Pramod KUMAR K.M.singh S.KUMAR Department of Applied Physics Amity School of Science and TechnologyAmity University Noida UP Department of Physics J. L. N. College Chakradharpur Ranchi University Ranch Department of Physics Veer Kunwar Singh University Department of Physics Nalanda college Biharsharif Nalanda MU Bodh Gaya Bihar

VLF （very low frequency） mode instability with parallel AC electric field was studied for generalized loss-cone distribution with an index j, which is reducible to bi-Maxwellian, loss- cone and delta function for j = 0, 1 and co. the particle trajectories and dispersion relation are obtained through a kinetic approach and method of characteristic solutions. the calculations are compared with the observations of low frequency waves of Voyager 2. the growth rate of plasma parameters suited to magnetosphere of Uranus is obtained. It is inferred that the magnitude as well as frequency of AC （alternat.n. current） field increases the growth rate and widen the band width significantly. In addition to temperature anisotropy, particles in plasma having generalized loss-cone distribution provide an additional source of energy.

关键词： generation of VLF mode instability in Uranus

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Implications of multipurpose tree leaf application on wheat productivity in dry tropics

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Journal of Forestry Research 2013年第4期24卷 777-782页

作者： Rajani Srivastava K.P.singh Department of Bot.n. Banaras Hindu University

Leaves of multipurpose tree species （those providing more than one function or product of human use） can serve as sources of fer- tilizer for nutrient supply, especially nitrogen （n）. In this study chopped leaves of tropical tree species （5 n-fixing species, 5 non-n-fixing species and combinations of 5 n-fixing with a non-n-fixing species） were in- corporated in soil to evaluate its effects on wheat biological productivity （including grain yield, GyIELD） under dryland conditions. High quality leaves of n-fixing tree species （e.g. Dalbergia sissoo, Cassia fistula and Prosopis cineraria） had lower carbon/nitrogen （C/n）, lignin/nitrogen （L^o/n）, polyphenol/nitrogen （PPt.n. and lignin＋polyphenol /nitrogen （L~＋PpL/n） ratios than low quality leaves of non-n-fixing species. Com- bination treatments had intermediate values of different parameters, Application of high quality leaves caused greater increases in wheat productivity and yield than other species.

关键词： multipurpose tree leaves chemical quality index grain yield,n-fixing species non-n fixing species Dryland agriculture

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thermo-mechanical and tribological properties of SU-8/h-Bn composite with Sn150/perfluoropolyether filler

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Friction 2020年第1期8卷 151-163页

作者： Anand singh RAtHAUR Jit.n.ra KKAtIYAR Vinay Kumar PAtEL Department of Mechanical Engineering Govind Ballabh Pant Institute of Engineering and Technology GhurdauriPauri GarhwalUttarakhand 246194India Department of Mechanical Engineering SRM Institute of Science and TechnologyKattankulathur CampusChennaiTamil Nadu 603203India

In this study, SU-8 and its composites are fabricated by blending 10 wt.% hexagonal boron nitride(h-Bn) fillers with/without lubricants, such as 10 wt.% base oil(Sn150) and 20 wt.% perfluoropolyether(PFPE). the thickness of SU-8 and its composites coat.n. is fabricated in the range ~100–105 μm. Further, SU-8 and its composites are characterized by a 3D optical profilometer, atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, a thermal gravimetric analyzer, a goniometer, a hardness tester, and an optical microscope. Under a tribology test performed at different.n.rmal loads of 2, 4, and 6 n and at a const.n. sliding speed of 0.28 m/s, the reduction in the initial and steady-state coefficient of friction is obtained to be ~0.08 and ~0.098, respectively, in comparison to SU-8(~0.42 and ~0.75), and the wear resist.n.e is enhanced by more than 103 times that of pure SU-8. Moreover, the thermal stability is improved by ~80–120 ℃, and the hardness and elastic modulus by ~3 and ~2 times that of pure SU-8, respectively. the SU-8 composite reinforced with 10 wt.% h-Bn and 20 wt.% PFPE demonstrated the best thermo-mechanical and tribological properties with a nano-textured surface of high hydrophobicity.

关键词： SU‐8 boron nitride perfluoropolyether(PFPE) base oil(Sn 150) in‐situ lubrication

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Crop productivity,soil health,and energy dynamics of Indian Himalayan int.n.ified organic maize-based systems

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2021年第2期9卷 260-270页

作者： Raghavendra singh Subhash Babu R.K.Avasthe Gulab singh Yadav Anup Das K.P.Mohapatra Amit Kumar Vinod K.singh Puran Chandra ICAR-national Organic Farming Research Institute GangtokSikkim737102India Division of Agronomy ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research InstituteNew Delhi110012India ICAR Research Complex for nEH Region Tripura CentreLembucherraTripura799210India ICAR-national Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources New Delhi110012India

the sustainability of prevailing maize-fallow system in rainfed ecosystems of the Eastern Himalayan region(EHR)of India is oft.n.questioned due to poor economic return and negative impact on soil ***,the six cropping systems,maize-fallow(M-F),maize t cowpea-rapeseed(M t C-Rs),maize t cowpea-buckwheat(M t C-Bw),maize t cowpea-barley(M t CeB),maize t cowpea-garden pea(M t C-GP)and maize t cowpeaerajmash(M t C-R)in the main plot and three soil moisture conservation measures,no-mulch(nM),maize stover mulch(MSM)and maize stover t weed biomass mulch(MSM t WBM)in sub-plot were evaluated for four consecutive years(2014-18)at a Research Farm in fixed plot *** indicated that cowpea co-culture with maize and inclusion of winter crop increased maize yield by 6.2e23.5%over *** the systems,the M t C-GP recorded the highest crop *** residual effect of MSM t WBM increased maize grain yield by 19.1%over *** of maize t cowpea-winter crops significantly improved the available n(3.2e12.9%),P(3.6 e12.7%),K(1.9e26.3%),organic carbon(9.2e16.8%),microbial biomass carbon-MBC(15.2e43.9%)and dehydrogenases-DHA(17.2e42.3%)in soil at 0e15 cm depth as compared to *** M t C-GP also recorded maximum net return(US$2460 ha1),benefit:cost(B:C)ratio(2.86)and energy use efficiency(7.9%).the MSM t WBM recorded higher net return(US$1680 ha1)and B:C ratio(2.46)over ***,cowpea t maize-garden pea(M t C-GP)along with the application of MSM t WBM is a sustainable production practice to int.n.ify the organically managed maize-fallow system in rainfed regions of the EHR of India and other similar ecosystems.

关键词： Crop int.n.ification Energy productivity Gross return Soil health Water productivity

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