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Review:Investigation of Partially Pre⁃mixed Charge Ignitions(PPCI)Engine Mode

Journal of Harbin Institute of technology(new Series) 2023年第3期30卷 85-94页

作者： Habtamu Deresso Venkata Ramayya Ancha Ramesh Babu nallamothu Balkeshwar singh Bisrat Yoseph Department of Mechanical Engineering Adama Science and Technology UniversityAdama 1888Ethiopia Department of Mechanical Engineering Jimma University Institute of TechnologyJimma 378Ethiopia Departments of Mechanical Engineering Defense College of EngineeringBishoftu 1014Ethiopia

this paper embraces the key points of unpolluted internally combusted engine *** objective is focused on the recent effort to improve compression ignition(CI)and spark ignition(SI)engine to have fuel⁃efficient and minimized pollut.n. *** are many advanced internal combustion engines to overcome the challenges of conventional compression ignition engines of the high level of particulate matter(PM)and oxides of nitrogen *** of the latest options on which many researchers work recently is low⁃temperature combustion which studies the engine advancement and emission at the same *** review focuses on the released emissions,incinerations and performances features of partially premixed charge ignition with different fuel blends like n⁃but.n.l⁃gasoline,gasoline⁃diesel,alcohol⁃diesel,and nG⁃diesel effect on partially premixed charge ignition(PPCI)engine ***,PPCI is a single or a dual fuel strategy in that a pre⁃mixed low or high reactive fuel(L/HRF)is directly injected into the *** is one of the best low⁃temperature combustion(LtC)strategies by which emissions are minimized while thermal efficiency is *** recent PPCI of various fuels and their effect are ***,the initial pilot injection can ext.n. the operat.n. load that is a problem in diesel engine;gasoline fuel displayed fewer soot releases when compared with diesel oil in all working *** additional inspiring outcome for this combustion approach can be directly controlled by using the start of injection timing(SOI),which is impossible with most other LtC *** diesel PPCI can overcome the nOx⁃PM tradeoff but.n.eds more EGR *** problem of diesel engine PPCI is associated with its comparatively higher boiling point and relatively lower volatility,which made use of advanced injection with a great.n.mber of fuel ***,diesel fuel is not the best candidate with the LRF to the PPCI engine setup.

关键词： CDC emission low⁃temperature combustion performance PPCI

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Searching systematics for nonfactorizable contributions to B- and■ hadronic decays

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Chinese Physics C 2022年第7期 49-57页

作者： Maninder Kaur Supreet Pal singh R.C.Verma Department of Physics Punjabi University

the two-body weak decays ■and■ are examined using isospin analysis to study nonfactorizable contributions. After determining strong interaction phases and obtaining factorizable contributions from spectator-quark diagrams for nc=3, we determine nonfactorizable isospin amplitudes from the experimental data for these modes. Our results support the universality of the ratio of nonfactorizable isospin reduced amplitudes for these decays within experimental errors. to demonstrate that these systematics are not coincidental, we also plot our results w. r. t. this ratio.

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texture Evolution and Ultrafine Grain Formation in Cross-Cryo-Rolled Zircaloy-2

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2015年第7期28卷 837-846页

作者： Sunkulp Goel R.Jayaganthan I.V.singh D.Srivastava G.K.Dey n.Saibaba Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Centre of Nanotechnology Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Materials Science Division Bhabha Atomic Research Center nuclear Fuel Complex Limited

the texture and mechanical properties of cross-rolled zircaloy-2 at 77 and 300 K were *** at 77 K was performed to impart different thickness reductions of 25% and 50%,while at 300 K with 25%,50%,75% and 85% reductions to the *** analysis of deformed sample showed that.n.ar-basal orientation is not deformed completely after 50% rolling *** activation of prismatic silp,{1122} contraction twin and {1012} ext.n.ion twin were evident from the deformed microstructure at 77 *** propensity for activation of basal slip〈a〉 at77 K was also *** deformation of the sample at 300 K occurs by prismatic,basal 〈a〉 and pyramidal 〈c＋a〉slips,which were predicted by pole *** annealing,the t.n.ile strengths（735 and 710 MPa） are almost the same for 50% cryo-cross-rolled and room-temperature cross-rolled zircaloy-2 with almost 2.7% difference in their *** analysis of the deformed samples was made to estimate the stored strain energy and dislocation *** of deformed sample at 673 K for 30 min results in recrystallization,which leads to the formation of ultrafine grains.

关键词： Cross-rolling EBSD tEM Ultrafine grains texture

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Microstructural analysis and hot corrosion behavior of HVOF-sprayed ni–22Cr–10Al–1Y and ni–22Cr–10Al–1Y–SiC(n) coat.n.s on AStM-SA213-t22 steel

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2020年第3期27卷 401-416页

作者： Gurmail singh niraj Bala Vikas Chawla Department of Mechanical Engineering IKGPTUJalandhar 144603PunjabIndia Department of Aerospace Engineering Chandigarh UniversityGharuan 140413PunjabIndia Department of Mechanical Engineering BBSBECFatehgarh Sahib 140407PunjabIndia

the present paper deals with the investigation of microstructure and high-temperature hot corrosion behavior of high-velocity oxy fuel(HVOF)-produced coat.n.s. two powder coat.n. compositions, namely, ni22Cr10Al1Y alloy powder and ni22Cr10Al1Y(80 wt%;microsized)–silicon carbide(SiC)(20 wt%;nano(n)) powder, were deposited on a t-22 boiler tube steel. the hot corrosion behavior of bare and coated steels was tested at 900°C for 50 cycles in na2SO4–60 wt%V2O5 molt.n.salt environment. the kinetics of corrosion was established with weight change measurements after each cycle. the microporosity and microhardness of the as-coated samples have been reported. the X-ray diffraction,field emission-scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive spectroscopy, and X-ray mapping characterization techniques have been utilized for structural analysis of the as-coated and hot-corroded samples. the results showed that both coat.n.s were deposited with a porosity less than2%. Both coated samples revealed the development of harder surfaces than the substrate. During hot corrosion test.n., the bare t22 steel showed an accelerated corrosion in comparison with its coated counterparts. the HVOF-sprayed coat.n.s were befitted effectively by maintaining their adherence during test.n.. the ni22Cr10Al1Y–20 wt%SiC(n) composite coat.n. was more effective than the ni–22Cr–10Al–1Y coat.n. against corrosion in the high-temperature fluxing process.

关键词： high-velocity oxy fuel thermal spray hot corrosion oxide scale nano-structured coat.n.

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Dermal toxicity of Paraphenylenediamine

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 1992年第4期5卷 321-324页

作者： A.K.MAtHUR B.n.GUPtA S.singh A.singh S.nARAnG Industrial toxicology Research Centre P.B. 80 Mahatama Gandhi MargIndustrial Toxicology Research Centre P.B. 80 Mahatama Gandhi MargIndustrial Toxicology Research Centre P.B. 80 Mahatama Gandhi MargIndustrial Toxicology Research Centre P.B. 80 Mahatama Gandhi MargIndustrial Toxicology Research Centre P.B. 80 Mahatama Gandhi Marg Lucknow 226001 IndiaLucknow 226001 IndiaLucknow 226001 IndiaLucknow 226001 IndiaLucknow 226001 India

the guinea pigs were dermally exposed to paraphenylenediamine (PPD) and in presence of an oxidising agent hydrogen peroxide for 15 and 30 d to assess their effects on some enzymes, lipid peroxidation and histamine cont.n.s in the skin. the activities of acid and alkaline phosphatases, β-glucuronidase, gamma glutamyl transpeptidase, histidase and tyrosinase were enhanced after application of either PPD or PPD plus hydrogen peroxide. the lipid peroxidation and histamine cont.n.s also showed marked elevation following exposure to the chemicals.

关键词： PPD Dermal toxicity of Paraphenylenediamine

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A Limited Area Model for Monsoon Prediction

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 1990年第1期7卷 111-126页

作者： S.S.singh S.S Vaidya E.n.Rajagopal Indian Instituteof tropical Meteorology Pune-411005 IndiaIndian Instituteof Tropical Meteorology Pune-411005 IndiaIndian Instituteof Tropical Meteorology Pune-411005 India

A six level regional primitive equation model has been formulated and tested for monsoon prediction. the model uses dynamic normal mode initialization scheme for obtaining initial balance. the physical processes included are: the large scale condensation, the Kuo type of cumulus convection, the surface friction, the sensible heat supply and evaporation over the sea. the actual smooth orography is included. the model has been integrated for 48 hrs using input of 7 July and 8 August 1979 when the domain of integration was dominated by an int.n.e monsoon depression. In order to investigate the model simulation of formative stage of the depression, the model was also integrated using input of 4 July ***, the envelope orography has been constructed and included in the model for investigat.n. its effects on the monsoon prediction. Results of the model forecast are presented and discussed.

关键词： GMt mode

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Additive manufacturing of t.n.st.n.t.n.st.n.based alloys,and t.n.st.n.matrix composites

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t.n.sten 2023年第1期5卷 1-31页

作者： Shuai-Hang Pan Gong-Cheng Yao Yi-nan Cui Fan-Shi Meng Chuan Luo tian-Qi Zheng Gurminder singh Department of Mechanical Engineering University of UtahSalt Lake CityUT 84112USA University of California-Los Angeles Los AngelesCA 90095USA Department of Engineering Mechanics Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China University of Grenoble Alpes CNRSGrenoble INPSIMaP38000 GrenobleFrance Department of Civil and Systems Engineering Johns Hopkins University3400 N.Charles StreetBaltimoreMD 21218USA Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering University College DublinDublin 4Ireland Department of Mechanical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology BombayMumbai 400076India

t.n.st.n.W) materials are gaining more and more att.n.ion due to the ext.n.ed applications of metallic systems in the extreme *** W’s unique characteristics like room-temperature brittleness,additive manufacturing(AM)techniques could give them a higher design flexibility and *** the growing focus and thriving development of W-faced AM techniques,since the mechanical performance of additively manufactured W parts is still unsatisfactory,a critical review to further explore the possibilities of combining W and AM processes is urgently *** this review,we systematically explain the fundamentals of AM processes for W *** the traditional classification,we further discuss the widely used AM processes including wire arc additive manufacturing(WAAM),electron beam melt.n.(EBM),laser powder bed fusion(LPBF),laser direct energy deposition(laser DED),and other modified yet emergent AM ***,since additively manufacturing W materials is processing parameter-sensitive,we illustrated the effects of various import.n. processing parameters on the AM process control and final parts’ *** this detailed underst.n.ing,various categories of AM-compatible W materials(i.e.,pure W,W alloys,and W composites) were presented,and their general mechanical performance,dist.n.t role(particularly the role of different alloying elements and added secondary-phase particles in W),and application-oriented benefits have been *** clarifying the current status,main challenges,and triumphant successes for additively manufacturing W materials,we further provide a concise prospect into the development of additively manufactured(AMed) W materials by integrat.n. pot.n.ial fabrication,measurement,alloy design,and application’s *** summary,this critical review investigates the fundamental and practical problems crucially limit.n. the applications of AMed W materials,and the comprehensive discussion concentr

关键词： t.n.sten Additive manufacturing Alloy design Composite design Cracking Mechanical properties

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Comparative analysis of nε-carboxymethyl-lysine and inflammatory markers in diabetic and non-diabetic coronary artery disease patients

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World Journal of Diabetes 2023年第12期14卷 1754-1765页

作者： Dharmsheel Shrivastav Desh Deepak singh Rashid Mir Pratishtha Mehra Vimal Mehta Pradeep Kumar Dabla Amity Institute of Biotechnology Amity UniversityJaipur 303002RajasthanIndia Department of Biochemistry Govind Ballabh Pant Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and ResearchDelhi 110002India Department of Medical Lab technology Faculty of Applied Medical SciencesUniversity of TabukTabuk 71491India Department of Cardiology Govind Ballabh Pant Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and ResearchDelhi 110002India

BACKGROUnD Coronary artery disease(CAD)is a major cause of death worldwide,and India contributes to about one-fifth of total CAD *** development of CAD has been linked to the accumulation of nε-carboxymethyl-lysine(CML)in heart muscle,which correlates with *** to assess the impact of CML and inflammatory markers on the biochemical and cardiovascular characteristics of CAD patients with and without *** We enrolled 200 consecutive CAD patients who were undergoing coronary angiography and categorized them into two groups based on their serum glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c)levels(group I:HbA1c≥6.5;group II:HbA1cnalyzed the levels of lipoproteins,plasma HbA1c levels,CML,interleukin-6(IL-6),tumor necrosis factor alpha(tnF-α),and nitric *** Group I (81 males and 19 females) patients had a mean age of 54.2 ± 10.2 years, with a mean diabetes duration of4.9 ± 2.2 years. Group II (89 males and 11 females) patients had a mean age of 53.2 ± 10.3 years. Group I had moresevere CAD, with a higher percentage of patients with single vessel disease and greater st.n.sis severity in the left.n.erior descending coronary artery compared to group II. Group I also exhibited a larger left atrium *** I patients exhibited significantly higher levels of CML, tnF-α, and IL-6 and lower levels of nitric oxide ascompared with group II patients. Additionally, CML showed a significant positive correlation with IL-6 (r = 0.596,P = 0.001) and tnF-α (r = 0.337, P = 0.001) and a negative correlation with nitric oxide (r=-4.16, P = 0.001). Oddsratio analysis revealed that patients with CML in the third quartile (264.43-364.31 ng/mL) were significantlyassociated with diabetic CAD at unadjusted and adjusted levels with covariates.

关键词： Coronary artery disease Diabetes nε-carboxymethyl-lysine Inflammatory markers Interleukin-6 tumor necrosis factor alpha nitric oxide

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Site-Specific nitrogen Management in Dry Direct-Seeded Rice Using Chlorophyll Meter and Leaf Colour Chart

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Pedosphere 2015年第1期25卷 72-81页

作者： Ali Mohamed ALI Harmit singh tHInD Sandeep SHARMA YADVInDER-singh Department of Soil Science Punjab Agricultural University Department of Soil Fertility and Microbiology Desert Research Centre

the need to maintain high rice yields and improve fertilizer nitrogen(n)-use efficiency has fueled the use of tools such as leaf colour chart(LCC) and chlorophyll meter(SPAD meter) in managing fertilizer n based on colour of the leaf. Field experiments were conducted during 2011 to 2013 at Ludhiana, India to assess the need for basal n application and to establish critical threshold values of leaf greenness as measured by LCC and SPAD meter for formulat.n. strategies for in-season management of fertilizer n in dry direct-seeded rice(DDSR). Avoiding application of n at sowing did not adversely affect rice grain yield, indicat.n. that basal n application in DDSR was not.n.cessary and might lead to reduced n-use efficiency. Monitoring n uptake rate during the growing season of DDSR suggested that.n.uptake rate peaked at the two growth stages: maximum tillering(42 to 56 days after sowing(DAS))and panicle initiation stages(70 to 84 DAS). Using the Cate-nelson procedure, critical LCC and SPAD meter values for fertilizer n application worked out to be 4 and 37, respectively. Real-time fertilizer n management strategy based on applying 30 kg n ha-1whenever SPAD meter or LCC readings fell below the critical values maintained optimum rice yields along with higher n-use efficiency than that observed by following blanket recommendation for fertilizer n in the region. the fixed-time variable-dose strategy consisted of applying prescriptive doses of 20 kg n ha-1at 14 DAS and 30 kg n ha-1at 28 DAS and corrective doses of 30, 40 or 50 kg n ha-1at 49 and 70 DAS depending upon LCC shade to be ≥ 4, 4–3.5, or nd SPAD meter readings to be ≥ 40, 40–35, ortively. this strategy also resulted in optimal rice yield along with higher n-use efficiency as compared to the blanket recommendation. this study revealed that in DDSR, fertilizer n could be managed more efficiently using the tools of LCC and SPAD meter than the current blanket recommendation.

关键词：氮肥管理直播水稻叶绿素计颜色表 SPAD n利用效率水稻产量使用工具

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有FACtS装置的电力系统在市场环境下的最优调度

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电力系统自动化 2001年第4期25卷 20-24,44页

作者： S.n.singh A.K.David 香港理工大学电机工程系中国香港

随着电力工业重构的不断深入 ,转运业务需求的增加要求系统提供更高的输送能力。FACtS技术的应用能够提高系统的输电能力、降低网损、改善系统的稳定性、降低电能成本 ,促使电能交易顺利完成。依据有功性能指标 ,文中提出了 FACtS装置... 详细信息

随着电力工业重构的不断深入 ,转运业务需求的增加要求系统提供更高的输送能力。FACtS技术的应用能够提高系统的输电能力、降低网损、改善系统的稳定性、降低电能成本 ,促使电能交易顺利完成。依据有功性能指标 ,文中提出了 FACtS装置的优化配置方法 ,并通过解最优潮流问题得到 FACtS装置的可控参数值 ,同时讨论了 FACtS装置对系统实时电价的影响。用IEEE— 1 4节点算例验证了所提算法的有效性。

关键词：电力系统最优调度 FACtS装置市场环境

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