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Microbial Biomass C,n and P in Disturbed Dry tropical Forest Soils,India

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Pedosphere 2010年第6期20卷 780-788页

作者： J.S.singh D.P.singh A.K.KASHYAP Department of Environmental Science Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University Department of Bot.n. Banaras Hindu University

Variations in microbial biomass C (MB-C),n (MB-n) and P (MB-P) along a gradient of different dominant vegeta- tion covers (natural forest,mixed deciduous forest,disturbed savanna and grassland ecosystems) in dry tropical soils of Vindhyan Plateau,India were studied from January 2005 to December *** water holding capacity,organic C,total n,total P and soil moisture cont.n. were comparatively higher in forest soils than in the savanna and grassland *** different study sites the mean annual MB-C,MB-n and MB-P at 0-15 cm soil depth varied from 312.05 ± 4.22 to 653.40 ± 3.17,32.16 ± 6.25 to 75.66 ± 7.21 and 18.94 ± 2.94 to 30.83 ± 23.08 μg g ?1 dry soil,*** all the investigated sites,the maximum MB-C,MB-n and MB-P occurred during the dry period (summer season) and the minimum in wet period (rainy season).In the present study,soil MB-C,MB-n and MB-P were higher at the forest sites compared to savanna and grassland *** differences in MB-C,MB-n and MB-P were significant (P ng sites and *** MB-C (P n (P nd MB-P (P tively correlated with organic C,while the relationship between soil moisture and MB-C,MB-n and MB-P (P nd P tively) was *** decreasing order of MB-C,MB-n and MB-P along study ecosystems was natural forest > mixed deciduous forest > savanna > *** results suggested that deforestation and land use practices (conversion of forest into savanna and grassland) caused the alterations in soil properties,which as a consequence,led to reduction in soil nutrients and MB-C,MB-n and MB-P in the soil of disturbed sites (grassland and savanna) compared to undisturbed forest ecosystems.

关键词： deciduous forest grassland savanna soil moisture vegetation

Surface ozone scenario and air quality in the north-central part of India

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2017年第9期29卷 72-79页

作者： Renuka Saini Ajay t.n.ja Pradyumn singh Department of Chemistry Dr.Bhim Rao Ambedkar UniversityAgra 282002India

tropospheric pollut.n.s including surface ozone（O3）, nitrogen dioxide（nO2）, carbon monoxide（CO） and meteorological parameters were measured at a traffic junction（78°2′ E and 27°11′ n） in Agra, India from January 2012 to December 2012. temporal analysis of pollut.n.s suggests that annual average mixing ratios of tropospheric pollut.n.s were： O3— 22.97 ± 23.36 ppbV,nO2— 19.84 ± 16.71 ppb V and CO — 0.91 ± 0.86 ppm V, with seasonal variations of O3 having maximum mixing ratio during summer season（32.41 ± 19.31 ppbV）, whereas lowest was found in post-monsoon season（8.74 ± 3.8 ppbV）. O3 precursors： nO2 and CO, showed inverse relationship with O3. Seasonal variation and high O3 episodes during summer are associated with meteorological parameters such as high solar radiation, atmospheric temperature and transboundary transport. the interdependence of these variables showed a link between the daytime mixing ratios of O3 with the nighttime level of nO2. the mixing ratios of CO and nO2 showed tight correlations, which confirms the influence of vehicular emissions combined with other anthropogenic activities due to office/working hours, shallowing, and widening of boundary layer. FLEXtRA backward trajectories for the O3 episode days clearly indicate the transport from the nW and W to S/SE and SW direction at Agra in different seasons.

关键词： Surface ozone Ozone precursors Diurnal and seasonal variation PCA Ozone transport

Fabrication of core-shell PLGA/PLA-pnIPAM nanocomposites for improved entrapment and release kinetics of antihypert.n.ive drugs

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Particuology 2018年第5期16卷 169-176页

作者： t.n.shree Basu Bonamali Pal Satnam singh School of Chemistry and Biochemistry Thapar lnstitute of Engineering and TechnologyPatiala 147004Punjablndia

Polylactic acid (PLA)and poly(lactic-co-glycolic)acid (PLGA)are two commonly applied biodegrad- able polymers for the preparation of nanocomposites used in drug-delivery ***,these polymers lack desirable attributes such as resist.n.e to aggregation during long-term storage due to *** improve their efficacy,in this work,PLA and PLGA were encapsulated within a shell of poly(n-isopropylacrylamide)(pnIPAM)using a single emulsion technique followed by an aqueous free radical precipitation polymerisation process,yielding core-shell PLA/PLGA-pnIPAM nanocomposites. the nanocomposites were cbaracterised using zeta pot.n.ial,dynamic light scattering,and transmission electron microscopy analyses and were further applied as a delivery system for ramipril,an antihypert.n.ive *** drug-loaded PLGA-pnIPAM core-shell nanoparticles exhibited a higher drug cont.n. (91%)and entrapment efficiency (78%)than their PLA *** in vitro release study of the formulations at pH 7.3in phosphate-buffered saline indicated that PLGA was more efficient than PLA with a sustained release of 86% of ramipril from the polymer matrix within ***,to determine the release kinetics,the data were fitted to Korsmeyer-Peppas and Higuchi models;the release of ramipril from the polymer matrix followed zero-order rate kinetics and an anomalous (non-Fickian)diffusion mechanism.

关键词： Poly(lactic-co-glycolic)acid Polylactic acid Poly(n-isopropylacrylamide) Antihypert.n.ive drug Entrapment efficiency Drug release

Organo-petrographic and geochemical characteristics of Gurha lignite deposits,Rajasthan,India:Insights into the palaeovegetation,palaeoenvironment and hydrocarbon source rock pot.n.ial

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Geoscience Frontiers 2020年第3期11卷 965-988页

作者： Runcie Paul Mathews Bhagwan Dsingh Vikram Partap singh Alpana singh Hukam singh Mahesh Shivanna Suryendu Dutta Vinod A.Mendhe Rimpy Chetia DSt-Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeosciences Lucknow226007India Department of Earth Sciences Indian Institute of Technology BombayMumbai400076India CSIR-Central Institute of Mining and Fuel Research Dhanbad826015India

the sedimentary sequence containing lignite deposits in Gurha quarry of the Bikaner-nagaur Basin(Rajasthan)has been *** samples from lignite and allied shale horizons were evaluated for petrographical,palynological,palynofacies and organic geochemical inferences,to depict the source flora and to reconstruct the palaeodepositional conditions prevailed during the *** assessment for the hydrocarbon generation pot.n.ial of these deposits has also been *** results revealed the dominance of huminite macerals and phytoclasts organic matter(OM) indicat.n. the exist.n.e of forested vegetation in the vicinity of the depositional site.A relatively high terrigenous/aquatic ratio(tAR) and the carbon preference index(CPI) are also suggest.n. the contribution of higher plants in the peat ***,the n-alkane distributions,maximizing at.n.C17 and n-C29,showed inputs from the algal communities along with the higher plant derived organic *** palynomorphs of the families Onagraceae,Meliaceae,Arecaceae,Rhizophoraceae,Rubiaceae,Ct.n.lophonaceae, *** with oleanene and ursane types of triterpenoids suggest the contribution from angiosperms source ***,the presence of Araucareaceae and Podocarpaceae pollen grains shows the exist.n.e of gymnosperms ***,the presence of tetracyclic diterpanes;demethylated entbeyerane,sandaracopimarane,pimarane,and Kaurane type of compounds confirms the contribution of *** variation in the values of the coefficient of non-equality(H:0.68%-7.56%),the st.n.ard deviation(8:0.04%-0.16%) and the coefficient of variability(V:16.10%-46.47%),also shows the heterogeneity in the source organic *** various petrographical indices,palynological entities,and geochemical parameters indicate that the peatforming vegetation was accumulated under a mixed environment and fluctuat.n. hydrological *** interpretation of palynofacies data on APP(Amorphous organ

关键词： Palynofacies Biomarkers Rock-Eval Palaeocene deposits Bikaner-nagaur Basin

the role of t.n.ca vaginalis flap in staged repair of hypospadias

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Asian Journal of Urology 2017年第2期4卷 107-110页

作者： Yogender S.Kadian Mahavir singh Kamal n.Rattan Department of Paediatric Surgery Pt B D Sharma Post Graduate Institute of Medical SciencesRohtakHaryanaIndia Department of Surgery Pt B D Sharma Post Graduate Institute of Medical SciencesRohtakHaryanaIndia

Objective:the surgical repair of hypospadias is done in two stages in a select group of patients with severe *** first stage(Ⅰ)procedure consists of correction of penile shaft curvature and second stage(Ⅱ)repair involves the creation of a *** neourethra needs a cover of an intermediate layer in order to have good functional and cosmetic *** the various local flaps,t.n.ca vaginalis flap is a good option for the use as an intermediate ***:We have managed 22 patients of chordee with hypospadias by staged *** Stage I,chordee correction was done by dividing the urethral plate and covering the penile shaft with dorsal prepucial *** Stage Ⅱ,a neourethra was created and covered with t.n.ca vaginalis flap either through the same incision(14/22)or via a subcut.n.ous t.n.el(8/22).An indwelling catheter was kept for 10 to 12 ***:Eighteen(81.8%)patients had successful functional and cosmetic *** patients(9.1%)had urethrocut.n.ous fistula of which one healed on subsequent dilatation while the other one(4.5%)needed *** fistula formation rate was 4.5%.In two patients,the external urinary meatus could be made upto subglanular or coronal ***:Staged repair of chordee with hypospadias is valuable in selected group of patients and t.n.ca vaginalis flap is an excellent intermediate layer to cover the *** preoperative counseling is particularly essential in patients where the external urinary meatus can be created at coronal or subglanular level.

关键词： Hypospadias Chordee neourethra t.n.ca vaginalis flap

Estimation of optimum sample size allocation:An illustration with body mass index for evaluat.n. the effect of a dietetic supplement

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International Journal of Biomathematics 2019年第8期12卷 75-86页

作者： Carlos n.Bouza-Herrera Sira M.Allende-Alonso Gajendra K.Vishwakarma neha singh Departamento de Matemdtica Aplicada Universidad de La Habana Cuba Department of Mathematics and Comput.n. Indian Institute of technology Dhanbad India

In many medical researches,it is needed to determine the optimal sample size allocation in a heterogeneous *** paper proposes the algorithm for optimal sample size *** consider the optimal allocation problem as an optimization problem and the solution is obtained by using Bisection,Secant,Regula-Falsi and other numerical *** performance of the algorithm for different.n.merical methods are analyzed and evaluated in terms of comput.n. time,number of iterations and gain in accuracy using *** efficacy of algorithm is evaluated for the response in terms of body mass index(BMI)to the dietetic supplement with diabetes mellitus,HIV/AIDS and cancer post-operatory recovery patients.

关键词： Optimal sample allocation Body Mass Index diabetes HIV/AIDS cancer

Analysis of isoquinoline alkaloids from Mahonia leschenaultia and Mahonia napaulensis roots using UHPLC-Orbitrap-MSn and UHPLC-QqQ LIt-MS/MS

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2017年第2期7卷 77-86页

作者： Awantika singh Vikas Bajpai Sunil Kumar Ajay Kumar singh Rawat Brijesh Kumar Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility Division CSIR-Central Drug Research InstituteLucknow 226031India Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research New Delhi 110001India Pharmacognosy and Et.n.pharmacology Division CSIR-National Botanical Research InstituteLucknow 226001India

Mahonia leschenaultia（ML） and Mahonia napaulensis（Mn） are less known and unexplored medicinal plants of the family Berberidaceae. they are used by the todas of nilgiris in their religious and medical practices but chemically less identified. Hence, we decided to do ext.n.ive phytochemical analysis to explore the pot.n.ial of these plant extracts. An ultrahigh performance electrospray t.n.em mass spectrometry（UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS）method was successfully developed for qualitative analysis of the bioactive components in Mahonia species using Orbitrap Velos Pro mass spectrometer. Sixteen compounds were identified by comparison of their ret.n.ion times and mass spectra（MS） with authentic st.n.ards and reported literature. Multi-stage mass spectra（MS（2-8）） for the identification of protoberberine and aporphine alkaloids showed the sequential expulsion of all the substituents attached with their basic skelet.n.followed by CO loss. Eight of the identified compounds（berberine, jatrorrhizine, palmat.n., magnoflorine, isocorydine, glaucine, tetrahydropalmat.n. and tetrahydroberberine） were simult.n.ously determined by another UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS method under the multiple reactions monitoring（MRM） mode quantitatively using triple quadrupole linear ion trap mass spectrometer. the analytical method was validated for 8 bioactive compounds with overall recovery in the range98.5%-103.6%（RSD≤2.2%）, precise（RSD≤2.07%） and linear（r≥0.9995） over the concentration range of 0.5-1000 ng/mL and successfully applied in ML and Mn roots, which suggests the suitability of the proposed approach for the rout.n. analysis of Mahonia species and their quality control.

关键词： Orbitrap-MS QqQLIt-MS Mahonia leschenaultia Mahonia napaulensis Isoquinoline alkaloids

Characterization of chickpea germplasm conserved in the Indian national Genebank and development of a core set using qualitative and quantitative trait data

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the Crop Journal 2016年第5期4卷 417-424页

作者： Sunil Archak Rishi K.tyagi P.n.Harer L.B.Mahase neeta singh Om P.Dahiya M.Abdul nizar Mohar singh Vrushali tilekar Vikas Kumar Manoranjan Dutta narendra P.singh Kailash C.Bansal ICAR-national Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources Pulses Improvement Project Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth ICAR-national Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources Regional Station ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulse Research

Chickpea is the third most import.n. pulse crop as a source of dietary protein. Ever-increasing demand in Asian countries calls for breeding superior desi-type varieties, in turn necessitat.n. the availability of characterized germplasm to breeders. the Indian national Genebank,located at the national Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, new Delhi, conserves 14,651 accessions of chickpea. the entire set was characterized in a single large-scale *** variation was observed for eight quantitative and 12 qualitative agro-morphological traits. Allelic richness procedure was employed to assemble a core set comprising 1103 accessions, 70.0% of which were of Indian origin. Comparable values of total variation explained by the first three principal components in the entire collection(51.1%) and the core(52.4%)together with conservation of nine pairwise r values among quantitative traits in the core collection and a coincidence rate around 99.7% indicated that the chickpea core was indeed an excellent representation of the entire chickpea collection in the national Genebank. the chickpea core exhibited greater diversity than the entire collection in agro-morphological traits, as assessed by higher variance and Shannon–Weaver diversity indices, indicat.n. that the chickpea core maximized the phenotypic diversity available in the Indian chickpea germplasm. the chickpea core, comprising mainly indigenous desi genotypes, is expected to be an excellent resource for chickpea breeders. Information on the chickpea core can be accessed at http://***/pgrportal.

关键词： Cicer ariet.n.m Chickpea germplasm Indian national Genebank Agro-morphological variation Chickpea core

Soil Carbon and nitrogen in Response to Perennial Bioenergy Grass, Cover Crop and nitrogen Fertilization

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Pedosphere 2017年第2期27卷 223-235页

作者： Upendra M. SAInJU Hari P. singh Bharat P. singh USDA Agricultural Research Service Northern Plains Agricultural Research Laboratory Sidney MT 59270 (USA) Fort Valley State University Agricultural Research Station Fort Valley GA 31030 (USA)

Cover crop and nitrogen （n） fertilization may maintain soil organic matter under bioenergy perennial grass where removal of aboveground biomass for feedstock to produce cellulosic ethanol can reduce soil quality. We evaluated the effects of cover crops and n fertilization rates on soil organic carbon （C）（SOC）, total n （Stn）, ammonium n （nH4-n）, and nitrate n （nO3-n） cont.n.s at the 0-5, 5-15, and 15-30 cm depths under perennial bioenergy grass from 2010 to 2014 in the southeastern USA. treatments included unbalanced combinations of perennial bioenergy grass, energy cane （Saccharum spont.n.um L.） or elephant grass （Pennisetum pur- pureum Schumazh.）, cover crop, crimson clover （trifolium incarnatum L.）, and n fertilization rates （0, 100, and 200 kg n ha-l）. Cover crop biomass and C and n cont.n.s were greater in the treatment of energy cane with cover crop and 100 kg n ha-1 than in the treatment of energy cane and elephant grass. the SOC and Stn cont.n.s at 0-5 and 5-15 cm were 9%-20% greater in the treatments of elephant grass with cover crop and with or without 100 kg n ha-1 than in most of the other treatments. the soil nO3-n cont.n. at 0--5 cm was 31%-45% greater in the treatment of energy cane with cover crop and 100 kg n ha-1 than in most of the other treatments. the SOC sequestration increased from 0.1 to 1.0 Mg C ha-1 year-1 and the Stn sequestration from 0.03 to 0.11 Mg n ha-1 year-1 from 2010 to 2014 for various treatments and depths. In contrast, the soil nH4-n and nO3-n cont.n.s varied among treatments, depths, and years. Soil C and n storages can be enriched and residual nO3-n cont.n. can be reduced by using elephant grass with cover crop and with or without.n.fertilization at a moderate rate.

关键词： C and n storages C sequestration feedstock management practices n cycling nitrate soil organic matter