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seasonal Inhomogeneity of soot Particles over the Central Indo-Gangetic Plains,India:Influence of Meteorology

Journal of Meteorological r.s.arch 2015年第6期29卷 935-949页

作者： singh B.P. TIWArI s. HOPKE Philip K. singh r.s. BIsHT D.s. srIVAsTAVA A.K. singh r.K. DUMKA U.C. singh A.K. rAI B.N. srIVAsTAVA Manoj K. Department of Geophysics Banaras Hindu University Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology(New Delhi Branch) Clar.s.n University Department of Chemical Engineering Banaras Hindu University Aryabhatta r.s.arch Institute of Observational sciences Department of Physics Banaras Hindu University

Black carbon（BC） particles play a unique and important role in earth’s climate *** was measured（in-situ） in the central part of the Indo-Gangetic Plains（IGP） at Varanasi,which is a highly populated and polluted region due to its topography and extensive emission *** annual mean BC mass concentration was 8.92 ± 7.0 μg m-3,with 34%of samples exceeding the average ***,BC was highest during the post-monsoon and winter periods（approximately 18 μg m-3） and lower in the premonsoon/monsoon seasons（approximately 6 μg m-3）.The highest frequency（approximately 46%） observed for BC mass was in the interval from 5 to 10 μg ***,during the post-monsoon season,the most common values（approximately 23%） were between 20 and 25 μg *** nighttime concentrations of BC were approximately twice as much as the daytime values because of lower boundary layer heights at *** Angstrom exponent was significantly positively correlated（0.55） with ground-level BC concentrations,indicating the impact of BC on the columnar aer.s.l *** estimated mean absorption Angstrom exponent was 1.02 ± 0.08 μg m-3,indicating that the major.s.urce of BC was from fossil fuel *** negative correlations between BC mass and meteorological parameters indicate a pronounced effect of atmospheric dynamics on the BC mass in this *** highest mean BC mass concentration（18.1 ± 6.9 μg m-3） as a function of wind speed was under calm wind conditions（38%of the time）.

关键词： black carbon Indo-Gangetic Plains absorption Angstr(o|¨)m exponent biomass fossil fuel

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Fuzzy reliability and Availability of system under a Calendar-based Inspection Involving Multiple Failur.s.and Its Application to Wind Turbine system

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Journal of systems science and systems Engineering 2024年第2期33卷 187-206页

作者： Mintu Kumar Himani Pant s.B.singh Department of Mathematics statistics and Computer.s.ience G.B.Pant University of AgricultureTechnologyPantnagarUttarakhandIndia

Uncertainty is an important factor that needs to be considered while analyzing the performance of any engineering *** order to quantify uncertainty,fuzzy set theory is frequently used by most of r.s.archers,including energy system *** to the classical reliability theory,component lifetimes have cr.s. parameters,but due to uncertainty and inaccuracy in data,it is sometimes very difficult to determine the exact values of these parameters in real-world *** overcome this difficulty in the current r.s.arch,failure and repair rates were taken as triangular fuzzy numbers to determine the fuzzy availability of a system undergoing calendar-based periodic inspection subject to multiple failure modes(FMs).It was assumed that each component in the system had an exponential failure rate and repair rate with fuzzy *** FMs were explicitly taken into account when a functional state of the system was *** FM had a random failure *** the occurrence of any failure,a random time was selected for the relevant corrective repair *** proposed r.s.arch was studied for one of the major.s.urces of green energy,namely a wind turbine system wherein all the derived propositions have been implemented on it.

关键词： Fuzzy reliability fuzzy availability wind turbine system multiple failure modes triangular fuzzy number

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snow and regolith albedo variations using Cr.s. data at McMurdo crater,Mars

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第2期8卷 338-355页

作者： sehajpal singh Deepak singh Centre of studies in r.s.urces Engineering Indian Institute of Technology BombayMumbaiIndia

The cryosphere component provides the most reliable and insightful indications of any planet’s climate *** data from the Compact reconnaissance Imaging spectrometer for Mars(Cr.s.),we develop a novel approach to determining the broadband Visible and Near Infrared(VNIr)albedo of the Martian *** study focuses on albedo changes in the McMurdo crater,part of Mars’s south polar layer *** compare seasonal and interannual variations of the McMurdo surface albedo before,during,and after the Global Dust storm(GDs)of Martian Year(MY)*** the seasons progr.s.ed from spring to summer,the mean albedo in MY 32 and 34 plunged by over 40%,by about 35%in MY 33,and by slightly more than 30%in MY *** interannually,however,mean albedo values within both seasons(spring and summer)exhibited no significant differences in those same ***,interannual albedo difference maps reveal albedo variation of more than±0.3 in certain regions of the *** only snow-covered pixels,interannual albedo differences suggest that Mars dust had a pervasive impact on Mars’s *** in maximum and minimum albedo values as high as 0.5 were observed,depending upon differences in the dust levels in Martian snow/*** maximum and the minimum snow albedo values were lowest in MY 34,indicating the effect of the intense dust storm event that *** average snow albedo decreased from 0.45 in MY 32 to 0.40 in MY 33 and to 0.33 in MY 34,and then r.s. back to 0.40 in MY *** trajectory suggests a temporary deposition of dust,partially reversed after the GDs by self-cleaning mechanisms(local aeolian process and CO_(2)sublimation/deposition cycle).

关键词： Mars Martian ice albedo dust storm Mars surface Martian climate

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Acoustical properties of a 3D printed honeycomb structure filled with nanofillers:Experimental analysis and optimization for emerging applications

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第5期35卷 248-258页

作者： Jeyanthi subramanian Vinoth kumar.s.lvaraj rohan singh Ilangovan s Nar.s. Kakur ruban Whenish school of Mechanical Engineering Vellore Institute of TechnologyChennai600127Tamil NaduIndia Department of Mechanical Engineering SRM Institute of Science and TechnologyRamapuramChennai600089India Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials science University of Southern CaliforniaLos Angeles90089USA Advanced Materials r.s.arch Centre Technology Innovation InstituteAbu Dhabi9639UAE Center for Biomaterials Cellular and Molecular TheranosticsVellore Institute of TechnologyVellore632014Tamil NaduIndia

The novelty of this r.s.arch lies in the successful fabrication of a 3D-printed honeycomb structure filled with nanofillers for acoustic properties,utilizing an impedance tube setup in accordance with AsTM standard E *** Creality Ender-3,a 3D printer,was used for printing the honeycomb structur.s.and polylactic acid(PLA)material was employed for their *** organic,inorganic,and polymeric compounds within the composites were identified using fourier transformation infrared(FTIr)*** structure and homogeneity of the samples were examined using a field emission scanning electron micr.s.ope(FEsEM).To determine the sound absorption coefficient of the 3D printed honeycomb structure,numerous samples were systematically developed using central composite design(CCD)and analysed using r.s.onse surface methodology(rsM).The rsM mathematical model was established to predict the optimum values of each factor and noise reduction coefficient(NrC).The optimum values for an NrC of 0.377 were found to be 1.116 wt% carbon black,1.025 wt% aluminium powder,and 3.151 mm distance between parallel ***,the r.s.lts demonstrate that a 3Dprinted honeycomb structure filled with nanofillers is an excellent material that can be utilized in various fields,including defence and aviation,where lightweight and acoustic properties are of great importance.

关键词： 3D printing Honeycomb structure Acoustics Field emission scanning electron micr.s.ope r.s.onse surface methodology

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Experimental Investigation of Thermal Performance of Novel Finned radiators for Automotive Cooling system

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Journal of Thermal science 2024年第5期33卷 1726-1743页

作者： singh Hardeep TING David s-K rEADEr Graham EsHTIAGHI Nicky ICHIYANAGI Mitsuhisa sUZUKI Takashi Turbulence&Energy Laboratory University of WindsorWindsor N9B 3P4Canada Chemical and Environmental Engineering School of EngineeringRMIT UniversityMelbourneVictoria 3001Australia Department of Engineering and Applied sciences Sophia UniversityTokyo 102-8554Japan

This r.s.arch investigates innovative fin-type radiators for automobile engine cooling ***-channel and helical radiators,along with straight type,were analyzed for heat transfer character.s.ics under various *** uniqueness of this study is evident in the design of microchannel and helical *** helical radiators,the inner rod featur.s.4/8 helical-shaped water galleries,while the outer tube frame with embedded fins remains *** contr.s.,the microchannel radiators have compact trapezoidal-shaped water galleries with separate fin ***,the novelty of the r.s.arch is enhanced by the utilization of 3D printing technology in the manufacturing *** constant fin height analysis at varied water and air flow rate,Microchannel Water Air radiator with fin height 10.5 mm(MCWAr10.5)depicted a higher heat transfer rate amongst the *** compar.s.n to straight Water Air radiator with fin height 9.5 mm(sWAr9.5),the heat transfer rate is 30.3%and 1.3 times ***,in constant fin surface area analysis,microchannel radiator(MCWAr3.2)illustrates lower heat dissipation than Helical radiator(HWAr138)but higher than HWAr134 and straight radiator.s.Ar6).The examination of pumping loss indicated that the Micro-channel radiator outperformed helical radiators due to its lower pr.s.ure *** average pr.s.ure loss for Micro-channel radiators was 0.74 kPa,making it 1.2 times higher than that of a straight radiator(0.62 kPa),indicating a better trade-off.

关键词： heat exchangers multi-channel helical heat exchanger heat transfer 3D printing

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Transfer Learning-Based Class Imbalance-Aware shoulder Implant Classification from X-ray Images

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2024年第2期21卷 892-912页

作者： Marut Jindal Birmohan singh Department of Computer.s.ience and Engineering Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering and TechnologySangrur148106PunjabIndia

Total shoulder arthroplasty is a standard r.s.orative procedure practiced by orthopedists to diagnose shoulder arthritis in which a pr.s.hesis replaces the whole joint or a part of the *** is often challenging for doctors to identify the exact model and manufacturer of the pr.s.hesis when it is *** paper proposes a transfer learning-based class imbalance-aware pr.s.hesis detection method to detect the implant’s manufacturer automatically from shoulder X-ray *** framework of the method proposes a novel training approach and a new set of batch-normalization,dropout,and fully convolutional layers in the head *** employs cyclical learning rates and weighting-based loss calculation *** modifications aid in faster convergence,avoid local-minima stagnation,and remove the training bias caused by imbalanced *** proposed method is evaluated using seven well-known pre-trained models of VGGNet,r.s.et,and DenseNet *** is performed on a shoulder implant benchmark dataset consisting of 597 shoulder X-ray *** proposed method improves the classification performance of all pre-trained models by 10–12%.The DenseNet-201-based variant has achieved the highest classification accuracy of 89.5%,which is 10%higher than existing ***,to validate and generalize the proposed method,the existing baseline dataset is supplemented to six classes,including samples of two more implant *** r.s.lts have shown average accuracy of 86.7%for the extended dataset and show the preeminence of the proposed method.

关键词： Biomedical engineering Artificial intelligence Total shoulder arthroplasty Pr.s.hesis identification Biomedical image classification

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Thermodynamic properties and phase diagram of quark matter within non-extensive Polyakov chiral sU(3)quark mean field model

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第5期48卷 60-71页

作者： Dhananjay singh Arvind Kumar Department of Physics Dr.B R Ambedkar National Institute of Technology JalandharJalandhar–144008PunjabIndia

In the pr.s.nt study,we applied Tsallis non-extensive statistics to investigate the thermodynamic properties and phase diagram of quark matter in the Polyakov chiral sU(3)quark mean field *** this model,the properties of the quark matter were modified through the scalar fieldsσ,ζ,δ,χ,vector fieldsω,ρ,ϕ,and Polyakov fieldsΦandΦ¯at finite temperature and chemical ***-extensive effects were introduced through a dimensionless parameter q,and the r.s.lts were compared to those of the extensive case(q→1).In the non-extensive case,the exponential in the Fermi-Dirac(FD)function was modified to a q-exponential *** influence of the q parameter on the thermodynamic properties,pr.s.ure,energy,and entropy density,as well as trace anomaly,was *** speed of sound and specific heat with non-extensive effects were also ***,the effect of non-extensivity on the deconfinement phase transition as well as the chiral phase transition of u,d,and s quar.s.was *** found that the critical end point(CEP),which defines the point in the(T−μ)phase diagram where the order of the phase transition changes,shifts to a lower value of temperature,TCEP,and a higher value of chemical potential,μCEP,as the non-extensivity is increased,that is,q>1.

关键词： quark matter quark mean field model QCD phase diagram non-extensive statistics

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Early Paleozoic basement diorite of arc-magmatism from Kutch basin, Western India

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Acta Geochimica 2024年第2期43卷 296-307页

作者： Piyush Gupta sandeep singh shakti singh rathore Argha Narayan sarkar Geochronology Laboratory KDMIPEOil and Natural Gas Corporation Ltd.9Kaulagarh RoadDehradun 248195India Department of Earth sciences Indian Institute of TechnologyRoorkee 247667India

In this study,we report for theﬁrst time an Early Palaeozoic basement diorite from the drilled well Nirona-A in the Banni Half-Graben of the Kutch basin,western *** 40Ar–39Ar dates provided a plateau age of 441.84±2.66 Ma and another pseudo plateau of 441.28±5.82 to 388.08±16.65 Ma for the basement *** ages constrain the basement formation age to the Late Ordovician-Early silurian *** obtained basement ages are correlatable with the later part of Cambro-Ordovician alkaline magmatism that has been reported from the Huqf area in Central Oman,whereas their lithological and petrographic correlativity with base-ment diorites occurring in the Dinsi Body of Nagar Parkar igneous complex in Pakistan can also be *** geochemical studies characterized the diorite with enrich-ment of LILE(rb,Ba,and K)and LrEE(La,Ce,Nd),strong depletion of HFsE(Nb,sr,P,and Ti),along with weakly negative Eu *** geochemical signatur.s.indicate their petrogenetic afﬁliation with mantle-derived magmas,as well as their tectonic setting to be arc-related,having post-collisional continental-arc type afﬁ****440 Ma basement of Kutch,therefore,appears to rep-r.s.nt the later thermal event associated with the reworked Neoproterozoic subduction-related suite from Greater India’s northwest edge,which has implications for Gond-wana assembly in the northwest Indian subcontinent.

关键词： Kutch basin 40Ar–39Ar ages Early palaeozoic basement Continental-arc magmatism Calc-alkaline magmatism

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Investigation of coupling effect on the evolution of richtmyer-Meshkov instability at double heavy square bubbles

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science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第1期67卷 52-70页

作者： satyvir singh Dhouha Taib Jalleli Applied and Computational Mathematics RWTH Aachen UniversityAachen 52056Germany Department of Mathematics Graphic Era Deemed to be UniversityDehradun 244712India Mathematics Department University College in DarbJazan UniversityAbu As Sadad 89653Saudi Arabia

This study investigates numerically the coupling effect on the evolution of richtmyer-Meshkov instability at double heavy square *** scenarios are considered,each with varying initial separations s/L(where L demotes the side length of the square)ranging from 0.125 to *** are filled with sF6gas,and are enclosed by *** simulations of shock-induced multispecies flow are performed by solving the two-dimensional compr.s.ible Euler equations with a higher-order explicit modal discontinuous Galerkin *** simulations demonstrate that the flow morphology r.s.lting from the coupling effect is highly dependent on the separation between two *** the separation is large,the squar.s.experience a weaker coupling effect and evolve ***,as the separation reduces,the coupling effect manifests earlier in the interaction and becomes more *** a r.s.lt,this phenomenon greatly intensifies the motion of inner upstream/downstream vortex rings towar.s.the symmetry axis,leading to the emergence of multiple jets such as the twisted downward,upward,and coupled jets.A thorough exploration of the coupling effect of double squar.s.is conducted by analyzing the vorticity ***,a significant quantity of vorticity is produced along the squar.s.interface for.s.aller ***,these coupling effects r.s.lt in various interface featur.s.upstream/downstream movement,and height/width evolution),and temporal variations of various spatially integrated ***,the analysis of the flow structure also considers the interaction between two more flow parameters,the Mach and Atwood numbers,in order to evaluate the coupling effects.

关键词： rM instability shock wave double square bubbles coupling effect

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Investigating the Evolution of Amati Parameters with redshift

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r.s.arch in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第1期24卷 188-200页

作者： Meghendra singh Darshan singh Kanhaiya Lal Pandey Dinkar Verma shashikant Gupta Delhi Metro rail Corporation Limited New Delhi 110001India GD Goenka University Gurugram 122103India Department of Physics Mata Raj Kaur Institute of Engineering and TechnologyRewari 123401India Department of Physics School of Advanced SciencesVellore Institute of TechnologyVellore 632014India

Gamma-ray bursts(Gr.s. are among the brightest objects in the Universe and, hence, can be observed up to a very high redshift. Properly calibrated empirical correlations between intensity and spectral correlations of Gr.s.can be used to estimate the cosmological parameters. However, the possibility of the evolution of Gr.s.with redshift is a long-standing puzzle. In this work, we used 162 long-duration Gr.s.to determine whether Gr.s.below and above a certain redshift have different properties. The Gr.s.are split into two groups, and we fit the Amati relation for each group separately. Our findings demonstrate that estimations of the Amati parameters for the two groups are substantially dissimilar. We perform simulations to investigate whether the selection effects could cause the difference. Our analysis shows that the differences may be either intrinsic or due to systematic errors in the data, and the selection effects are not their true origin. However, in-depth analysis with a new data set compr.s.d of 119 long Gr.s.shows that intrinsic scatter may partly be r.s.onsible for.s.ch effects.

关键词： Cosmology gamma rays:general (cosmology:)large-scale structure of universe galaxies:high-redshift

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