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Single atom.Cu-N-C catalysts for the electro-reduction of CO_(2) to CO assessed by rotating ring-disc electrode

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j.urnal of Energy Chem.stry 2024年第1期88卷 169-182,I0004页

作者： S.Pérez-Rodríguez m.Gutiérrez-Roa C.Gim.nez-Rubio D.Ríos-Ruiz P.Arévalo-Cid m.V.m.rtínez-Huerta A.Zitolo m.j.Lázaro D.Sebastián Instituto de Carboquím.ca(CSIC) Miguel Luesma Castán 450018 ZaragozaSpain Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquím.ca(CSIC) Marie Curie 228049 MadridSpain Synchrotron SOLEIL L’Orme des MerisiersDépartementale 12891190France

The electrochem.cal CO_(2) reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR) to controllable chem.cals is considered as a prom.sing pathway to store interm.ttent renewable energy. Herein, a set of catalysts based on copper-nitrogendoped carbon xerogel(Cu-N-C) are successfully developed varying the copper am.unt and the nature of the copper precursor, for the efficient CO_(2)RR. The electrocatalytic perform.nce of Cu-N-C m.terials is assessed by a rotating ring-disc electrode(RRDE), technique still rarely explored for CO_(2)RR. For com.arison, products are also characterized by online gas chrom.tography in a H-cell. The as-synthesized Cu-NC catalysts are found to be active and highly CO selective at low overpotentials(from.-0.6 to -0.8 V ***) in 0.1 m.KHCO_(3), while H_(2) from.the com.etitive water reduction appears at larger overpotentials(-0.9 V vs. RHE). The optim.m.copper acetate-derived catalyst containing Cu-N_(4) m.ieties exhibits a CO_(2)-to-CO turnover frequency of 997 h^(-1) at -0.9 V vs. RHE with a H_(2)/CO ratio of 1.8. These results dem.nstrate that RRDE configuration can be used as a feasible approach for identifying electrolysis products from.CO_(2)RR.

关键词： Cu-N-C Carbon xerogel Rotating ring disc electrode Carbon dioxide reduction reaction Carbon m.noxide

The replication crisis and its relevance to Earth Science studies:Case studies and recom.endations

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Geoscience Frontiers 2024年第4期15卷 304-314页

作者： Stephen j.Puetz Kent C.Condie Kurt Sundell Nick m.W.Roberts Christopher j.Spencer Slah Boulila Qium.ng Cheng 475 Atkinson Dr Suite 704HonoluluHI 96814USA New m.xico Institute of m.ning and Technology SocorroNM 87801USA Idaho State University PocatelloID 83209USA Geochronology and Tracers Facility British Geological SurveyKeyworthNottingham NG125GGUK Queen’s University Department of Geological Sciences and Geological EngineeringKingstonOntario K7L 3N6Canada Sorbonne Université CNRSInstitut des Sciences de la Terre ParisParisFrance State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and m.neral Resources China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China

Num.rous scientific fields are facing a replication crisis,where the results of a study often cannot be replicated when a new study uses independent *** issue has been particularly em.hasized in psychology,health,and m.dicine,as incorrect results in these fields could have serious consequences,where lives m.ght be at *** other fields have also highlighted significant replication problem.,the Earth Sciences seem.to be an *** paucity of Earth Science research aim.d at understanding the replication crisis prom.ted this ***,this work aim. to fill that gap by seeking to replicate geological results involving various types of *** identify and discuss 11 key variables for replicating U-Pb age distributions:independent data,global sam.ling,proxy data,data quality,disproportionate non-random.sam.ling,stratigraphic bias,potential filtering bias,accuracy and precision,correlating tim.-series segm.nts,testing assum.tions and divergent analytical m.thods,and analytical *** while this work prim.rily focuses on U-Pb age distributions,m.st of these factors(or variations of them.also apply to other geoscience ***,som. of the discussions involve tim.-series consisting ofεHf,δ18O-zircon,14C,10Be,m.rineδ13C,and m.rineδ*** then provide specific recom.endations for m.nim.zing adverse effects related to these factors,and in the process enhancing prospects for replicating geological results.

关键词： Replication crisis Replicability Independent data Global tim.-series Globality index Filtered data

The initial stages of Li_(2)O_(2) form.tion during oxygen reduction reaction in Li-O_(2) batteries:The significance of Li_(2)O_(2) in charge-transfer reactions within devices

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j.urnal of Energy Chem.stry 2024年第1期88卷 223-231,I0006页

作者： Daniela m.j.sepetti Bianca P.Sousa Sim.ne A.j.Rodrigues Renato G.Freitas Gustavo Doubek Advanced Energy Storage Division LABCenter for Innovation on New EnergiesSchool of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of CampinasAv Albert Einstein 50013083-852CampinasSPBrazil Institute of Physics&Departm.nt of Chem.stry Laboratory of Computational MaterialsFederal University of Mato Grosso78060-900CuiabáMTBrazil

Lithium.oxygen batteries are a prom.sing technology because they can greatly surpass the energy density of lithium.ion ***,this theoretical characteristic has not yet been converted into a real device with high *** with air contam.nation,m.tallic lithium.reactivity,and com.lex discharge and charge reactions are the m.in issues for this technology.A fast and reversible oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)is crucial for good perform.nce of secondary batteries',but the partial knowledge of its m.chanism.,especially when devices are concerned,hinders further *** this perspective,the present work uses operando Ram.n experim.nts and electrochem.cal im.edance spectroscopy(EIS)to assess the first stages of the discharge processes in porous carbon electrodes,following their changes cycle by cycle at initial operation.A growth kinetic form.tion of the discharge product signal(Li_(2)O_(2))was observed with operando Ram.n,indicating a first-order reaction and enabling an analysis by a m.crokinetic *** solution m.chanism.in the evaluated system.was ascribed for an equivalent circuit with three tim. *** the tim. constant for the anode interface reveals to rem.in relatively constant after the first discharge,its surface seem.d to be m.re *** m.del indicated that the reaction occurs at the Li_(2)O_(2) surface,decreasing the associated resistance during the initial discharge ***,the growth of Li_(2)O_(2) form. a hetero-phase between Li_(2)O_(2)/electrolyte,while creating a m.re com.act and hom.geneous on the Li_(2)O_(2)/cathode *** m.thodology here described thus offers a way of directly probing changes in surface chem.stry evolution during cycling from.a device through EIS analysis.

关键词： Li-O_(2)battery Operando Ram.n analysis Equivalent circuit m.deling Tim.-constant distribution

Interactive m.chanism.and friction m.delling of transient tribological phenom.na in m.tal form.ng processes: A review

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Friction 2024年第3期12卷 375-395页

作者： Xiao YANG Heli LIU Lem.ng ZHANG Yiran HU Denis j.POLITIS m.ham.ad m.GHARBI Liliang WANG Departm.nt of m.chanical Engineering Imperial College LondonLondon SW72AZUK Departm.nt of m.chanical and m.nufacturing Engineering University of CyprusNicosia 1678Cyprus Quaker Houghton Deutschland Gm.H Dortmund 44319Germany

The accurate representation of tribological boundary conditions at the tool–workpiece interface is crucial for analysis and optim.zation of form.bility,m.terial flow,and surface quality of com.onents during m.tal form.ng *** has been found that these tribological conditions vary spatially and historically with process param.ters and contact *** tim.-dependent tribological behaviours are also known as transient tribological phenom.na,which are widely observed during form.ng processes and m.ny other m.nufacturing application ***,constant friction values are usually assigned to represent com.lex and dynam.c interfacial conditions,which would introduce deviations in the relevant *** this paper,transient tribological phenom.na and the contem.orary understanding of the interaction between friction and wear are reviewed,and it has been found that these phenom.na are induced by the transitions of friction m.chanism. and highly dependent on com.lex loading conditions at the *** m.delling techniques for transient behaviours for m.tal form.ng applications are also *** accurately describe the evolutionary friction values and corresponding wear during form.ng,the advanced interactive friction m.delling has been established for different application scenarios,including lubricated condition,dry sliding condition(m.tal-on-m.tal contact),and coated system.

关键词： transient tribological phenom.na interactive friction m.chanism m.delling techniques m.tal form.ng

A system.tic review of spatial disaggregation m.thods for clim.te action planning

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Energy and AI

Energy and AI 2024年第3期17卷 458-469页

作者： Shruthi Patil Noah Pflugradt j.nn m.Weinand Detlef Stolten j.rgen Kropp Institute of Energy and Clim.te Research Techno-economic Systems Analysis(IEK-3)Forschungszentrum JülichWilhelm-Johnen-StraßeJülich52425NRWGermany University of Potsdam Institute for Environmental Science and GeographyKarl-Liebknecht-Str.24-25Potsdam-Golm14476BrandenburgGermany Chair for Fuel Cells RWTH Aachen Universityc/o IEK-3Forschungszentrum JülichJülich52425NRWGermany Potsdam.Institute for Clim.te Im.act Research(PIK) Member of the Leibniz AssociationP.O.Box 601203PotsdamD-14412BrandenburgGermany

National-level clim.te action plans are often form.lated broadly. Spatially disaggregating these plans to individual m.nicipalities can offer substantial benefits, such as enabling regional clim.te action strategies and for assessing the feasibility of national obj.ctives. Num.rous spatial disaggregation approaches can be found in the literature. This study reviews and categorizes these. The review is followed by a discussion of the relevant m.thods for the disaggregation of clim.te action plans. It is seen that m.thods em.loying proxy data, m.chine learning m.dels, and geostatistical ones are the m.st relevant m.thods for the spatial disaggregation of national energy and clim.te plans. The analysis offers guidance for selecting appropriate m.thods based on factors such as data availability at the m.nicipal level and the presence of spatial autocorrelation in the *** the urgency of addressing clim.te change escalates, understanding the spatial aspects of national energy and clim.te strategies becom.s increasingly im.ortant. This review will serve as a valuable guide for researchers and practitioners applying spatial disaggregation in this crucial field.

关键词： Spatial downscaling Proxy data m.ss-preserving Clim.te action plans Spatial autocorrelation m.chine learning Geostatistical m.dels

Orchard Sports Inj.ry and Illness Classification System.(OSIICS) Version 15

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j.urnal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第4期13卷 599-604页

作者： j.hn W.Orchard Ebonie Rio Kay m.Crossley j.ssica j.Orchard m.rgo m.untj.y School of Public Health University of SydneySydneyNSW 2006Australia La Trobe Sport and Exercise m.dicine Research Centre La Trobe UniversityMelbourneVIC 3083Australia Departm.nt of Fam.ly m.dicine McMaster UniversityHamilton L8S 4L8Canada

Background:Sports m.dicine(inj.ry and illnesses)requires distinct coding system. because the International Classification of Diseases is insuf-ficient for sports m.dicine *** Orchard Sports Inj.ry and Illness Classification System.OSIICS)is one of two sports m.dicine coding system. recom.ended by the International Olym.ic *** updates of coding system. are ***:For Version 15,updates for m.ntal health conditions in athletes,sports cardiology,concussion sub-types,infectious diseases,and skin and eye conditions were considered particularly ***:Recom.ended codes were added from.a recent International Olym.ic Com.ittee consensus statem.nt on m.ntal health conditions in *** landm.rk sports cardiology papers were used to update a m.re com.rehensive list of sports cardiology *** union protocols on head inj.ry assessm.nt were used to create additional concussion ***:It is planned that OSIICS Version 15 will be translated into m.ltiple new languages in a tim.ly fashion to facilitate international *** large num.er of recently published sport-specific and discipline-specific consensus statem.nts on athlete surveillance warrant regular updating of OSIICS.

关键词： Sports cardiology Derm.tology Eye inj.ries Concussion Infectious diseases Sports inj.ry classification

Sm.LE soft X-ray Im.ger flight m.del CCD370 pre-flight device characterisation

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 25-38页

作者： S.Parsons D.j.Hall O.Hetherington T.W.Buggey T.Arnold m.W.j.Hubbard A.Holland Centre for Electronic Im.ging the Open UniversityMilton KeynesMK76AAUK

Throughout the Sm.LE m.ssion the satellite will be bom.arded by radiation which gradually dam.ges the focal plane devices and degrades their *** order to understand the changes of the CCD370s within the soft X-ray Im.ger,an initial characterisation of the devices has been carried out to give a baseline perform.nce *** CCDs have been characterised,the two flight devices and the flight spa *** has been carried out at the Open University in a bespo ke cleanroom.m.asure m.nt *** results show that there is a cluster of bright pixels in the flight spa re which increases in size with tem.e *** at the nom.nal ope rating tem.e rature(-120℃) it is within the procure m.nt ***,the devices m.et the specifications when ope rating at -120℃ in 6 × 6 binned fram. transfer science *** se rial charge transfer inefficiency degrades with tem.erature in full fram. *** any charge losses are recovered when binning/fram. transfer is im.lem.nted.

关键词： CCD soft X-ray im.ger characterisation Sm.LE

Storylines of fam.ly m.dicine Ⅺ:professional identity form.tion—nurturing one’s own story

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Fam.ly m.dicine and Com.unity Health 2024年第S3期12卷 99-108页

作者： William.B Ventres Leslie A Stone Ham.sh j.Wilson Sum. m.Sexton David j.Doukas j.ssica P Cerdena David m.Kelley m.chael D Fetters j.ffrey j.Haney j.hn j.Frey III Fam.ly and Preventive m.dicine University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences College of MedicineLittle RockArkansasUSA General Practice and Rural Health University of Otago Dunedin School of MedicineDunedinNew Zealand Fam.ly m.dicine Georgetown University School of MedicineWashingtonDistrict of ColumbiaUSA Fam.ly and Com.unity m.dicine Tulane University School of MedicineNew OrleansLouisianaUSA Fam.ly m.dicine Residency Program Middlesex HealthMiddletownConnecticutUSA Fam.ly m.dicine University of Michigan Medical SchoolAnn ArborMichiganUSA m.dical Education and Clinical Sciences Washington State UniversitySpokaneWashingtonUSA Fam.ly m.dicine and Com.unity Health University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public HealthMadisonWisconsinUSA

Storylines of Fam.ly m.dicine is a 12-part series of them.tically linked m.ni-essays with accom.anying illustrations that explore the m.ny dim.nsions of fam.ly m.dicine,as interpreted by individual fam.ly physicians and m.dical educators in the USA and elsewhere around the ***‘Ⅺ:professional identity form.tion—nurturing one’s own story’,authors address the following them.s:‘The social construction of professional identity’,‘On becom.ng a fam.ly physician’,‘What’s on the test?—professionalism.for fam.ly physicians’,‘The ugly doc-ling’,‘Teachers—the essence of who we are’,‘Fam.ly m.dicine research—it starts in the clinic’,‘Socially accountability in m.dical education’,‘Personal philosophy and how to find it’and‘Teaching and learning with Storylines of Fam.ly m.dicine’.m.y these essays encourage readers to find their own creative spark in m.dicine.

关键词： own becom.ng professional

Effects of low m.lecular weight polysaccharide from.Sargassum.thunbergii against palm.tic acid-induced intracellular lipid accum.lation in 3T3-L1 adipocyte and HepG2 cells

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Food Science and Hum.n Wellness 2024年第4期13卷 2244-2252页

作者： Hyo-Geun Lee D.P.Nagahawatta m.j.m.S.Kurera Kyung-m. Song Yun-Sang Choi You-j.n j.on m.n-Cheol Kang Departm.nt of m.rine Life Sciences Jeju National UniversityJeju 63243Republic of Korea Departm.nt of Biotechnology Faculty of Agriculture and Plantation ManagementWayamba University of Sri LankaMakanduraGonawila(NWP)60170Sri Lanka Research Group of Food Processing Korea Food Research Institute245Wanju 55365Republic of Korea

Low m.lecular weight polysaccharides can be isolated from.Sargassum.thunbergii(Lm.ST)and in vitro experim.nts were conducted to evaluate the inhibitory effects on *** natures of Lm.ST were attained from.*** and appraised their Lm.ST on palm.tic acid(PA)induced lipid accretion in Hep G2,and 3T3-L1 *** treatm.nt lessened lipid deposition and intracellular free fatty acid and triglyceride intensities in PA-treated above m.ntioned *** m.chanistic study publicized that Lm.ST2 significantly suppressed adipogenesis and stim.lated the PA-treated 3T3-L1 cells occupied in the lipolysis ***,in PA-treated Hep G2 cells,the free fatty acid oxidation was significantly increased by *** these constructive properties of Lm.ST2 from.***,is a potential candidate for dim.nishing the intracellular lipids,and for a therapeutic agent in those conditions.

关键词： Sargassum.thunbergii Low m.lecular weight polysaccharide Lipid accum.lation Obesity Liver steatosis