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Sources of transcription variation in Plasmodium falciparum

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2022年第10期49卷 965-974页

作者： Lindsey B.Turnbull katrina A.Button-simons Nestor Agbayani Michael T.Ferdig Department of Pediatrics Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIN 46202USA Department of Biological Sciences Eck Institute for Global HealthUniversity of Notre DameNotre DameIN 46556USA rush School of Medicine ChicagoIL 60612USA

Variation in transcript abundance can contribute to both short-term environmental response and long-term evolutionary adaptation.Most studies are designed to assess differences in mean transcription levels and do not consider other potentially important and confounding sources of transcriptional variation.Detailed quantification of variation sources will improve our ability to detect and identify the mechanisms that contribute to genome-wide transcription changes that underpin adaptive responses.To quantify innate levels of expression variation,we measured m rNA levels for more than 5000 genes in the malaria parasite,Plasmodium falciparum,among clones derived from two parasite strains across biologically and experimentally replicated batches.Using a mixed effects model,we partitioned the total variation among four sources—between strain,within strain,environmental batch effects,and stochastic noise.We found 646 genes with significant variation attributable to at least one of these sources.These genes were categorized by their predominant variation source and further examined using gene ontology enrichment analysis to associate function with each source of variation.Genes with environmental batch effect and within strain transcript variation may contribute to phenotypic plasticity,while genes with between strain variation may contribute to adaptive responses and processes that lead to parasite strain-specific survival under varied conditions.

关键词： Expression variation Malaria Transcription Cloning Microarray

The origin of genetic risk for nasopharyngeal carcinoma:a commentary on Is nasopharyngeal cancer really a “Cantonese cancer”?

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Chinese Journal of Cancer 2010年第5期29卷 527-537页

作者： Malcolm J. simons simons Haplomics Limited

Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma (NPC) occurs with highest incidence in Southeastern China among Cantonese-speaking Chinese, giving rise to the common name of 'Cantonese cancer'. Chinese in the province of Guangdong have the

关键词：鼻咽癌广东省评论危险遗传中国东南中部地区风险

The prevalence and prevention of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in China

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Chinese Journal of Cancer 2011年第2期30卷 114-119页

作者： Malcolm J. simons Department of Experimental research Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou simons Haplomics Limited

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) has remarkable epidemiological features, including regional, racial, and familial aggregations. The aim of this review is to describe the epidemiological characteristics of NPC and to propose possible causes for the high incidence patterns in southern China. Since the etiology of NPC is not completely understood, approaches to primary prevention of NPC remain under consideration. This situation highlights the need to conduct secondary prevention, including improving rates of early detection, early diagnosis, and early treatment in NPC patients. Since the 1970's, high-risk populations in southern China have been screened extensively for early detection of NPC using anti-Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) serum biomarkers. This review summarizes several large screening studies that have been conducted in the high-incidence areas of China. Screening markers, high-risk age range for screening, time intervals for blood re-examination, and the effectiveness of these screening studies will be discussed. Conduction of prospective randomized controlled screening trials in southern China can be expected to maximize the cost-effectiveness of early NPC detection screening.

关键词：中国南部鼻咽癌预防全国人民代表大会流行病学特点筛选标记早期治疗随机对照试验

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma as a paradigm of cancer genetics

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Chinese Journal of Cancer 2011年第2期30卷 79-84页

作者： Malcolm J. simons Department of Experimental research Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center simons Haplomics Limited

The unusual incidence patterns for nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC) in China,Northeast India,Arctic Inuit,Peninsular and island Southeast Asia,Polynesian Islanders,and North Africans indicate a role for NPC risk genes in Chinese,Chinese-related,and not-obviously Chinese-related populations.renewed interest in NPC genetic risk has been stimulated by a hypothesis that NPC population patterns originated in Bai-Yue /pre-Austronesian-speaking aborigines and were dispersed during the last glacial maximum by Sundaland submersion.Five articles in this issue of the Chinese Journal of Cancer,first presented at a meeting on genetic aspects of NPC [National Cancer Center of Singapore(NCCS),February 20-21,2010],are directed towards incidence patterns,to early detection of affected individuals within risk populations,and to the application of genetic technology advances to understanding the nature of high risk.Turnbull presents a general framework for understanding population migrations that underlie NPC and similar complex diseases,including other viral cancers.Trejaut et al.apply genetic markers to detail migration from East Asia through Taiwan to the populating of Island Polynesia.Migration dispersal in a westward direction took mongoloid peoples to modern day Northeast India adjacent to Western China(Xinjiang).NPC incidence in mongoloid Nagas ranks amongst the highest in the world,whereas elsewhere in India NPC is uncommon.Cao et al.detail incidence patterns in Southeast China that have occurred over recent decades.Finally,Ji et al.describe the utility of Epstein-Barr virus serostatus in early NPC detection.While genetic risk factors still remain largely unknown,human leukocyte antigen(HLA) genes have been a focus of attention since the discovery of an HLA association with NPC in 1973 and,two years later,that NPC susceptibility in highest-risk Cantonese involved the co-occurrence of multi-HLA locus combinations of HLA genes as chromosome combinations,or haplotypes(e.g.HLA-A2-B46),whereas in relatively lower-risk non-Cantonese

关键词：鼻咽癌遗传学癌症人类白细胞抗原全国人民代表大会遗传亲缘关系风险监测中国西部

THE DONkEY OF ANSAN:A rHINO IN MESOPOTAMIA?NOTES ON THEC ONSTrUCTION OF MEANING IN A BILINGUAL PrOVErB

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Journal of Ancient Civilizations 2022年第1期37卷 1-31,143页

作者： Frank simons Trinity College Dublin

1.A bilingual proverb about exotic animals Among the less well-attested collections of proverbs from the Old Babylonian period,one bilingual example stands out as particularly interesting.1The collection is preserved ... 详细信息

关键词： tablets collection bilingual

Early microrecanalization of vas deferens following biodegradable graft implantation in bilaterally vasectomized rats

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2009年第3期11卷 373-378页

作者： Christopher M. simons Barry r. De Young Thomas S. Griffith Timothy L. ratliff Erin Jones Surya k. Mallapragada Moshe Wald Department of Urology University of Iowa Iowa City IA 52242-1089 USA Department of Pathology University of Iowa Iowa City IA 52242-1089 USA Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Iowa State University Ames IA USA

We evaluated a biodegradable graft for reconstruction of rat vasa deferentia with long obstructed or missing segments. A total of 47 Sprague-Dawley rats underwent bilateral vasectomy and were divided into groups according to length of the vas deferens affected （0.5, 1, 1.5 cm）. After 8 weeks, poly-（D,L-lactide）（PDLA） grafts were used to reconnect the vas deferens, Grafts and adjoining vasa deferentia were excised 8 and 12 weeks later and evaluated microscopically. At 8 weeks, microscopic changes included a robust inflammatory response around the grafts. All grafts were still intact but in the early stages of degradation. No microtubules, indicative of vas deferens recanalization, were identified. One specimen showed evidence of healing and neovascularization at the interface zone between the vas deferens and the graft. At 12 weeks, grafts were further degraded but still present. Microscopic evaluation showed decreased inflammation. Seven specimens showed neovascularization at the interface zone; two of these showed distinct epithelialized vas deferens microcanals at the graft edges. One specimen showed a microcanal spanning the entire 0.5-cm graft. A time period of 8 weeks is not ample enough for vas deferens regeneration in the setting of a biodegradable PDLA graft; however, early evidence of re-growth was seen at 12 weeks. A longer healing time should permit further biodegradation of the graft, as well as re-growth and possible eventual reconnection of the vas deferens, allowing passage of sperm. These findings suggest a potential role for biodegradable grafts in the reconstruction ofvas deferens with long obstructed segments.

关键词： graft infertility male vas deferens

Is aggressive intravenous fluid resuscitation beneficial in acute pancreatitis? A meta-analysis of randomized control trials and cohort studies

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第10期26卷 1098-1106页

作者： Mohamed M Gad C.roberto simons-Linares Internal Medicine Department Medicine InstituteCleveland ClinicClevelandOH 44195United States Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department Digestive Disease InstituteCleveland ClinicClevelandOH 44195United States

BACkGrOUND There is conflincting evidence on the intravenous fluid(IVF)strategy for acute pancreatitis(AP).We perform a metaanalysis of the available evidence.AIM To investigate if aggressive IVF therapy in AP patients is beneficial to decrease mortality and improve outcomes.METHODS Metaanalysis of available randomized controlled trials and cohort studies comparing aggressive IVF vs non-aggressive IVF resuscitation.rESULTS There was no significant difference in mortality between the aggressive(n=1229)and non-aggressive IVF(n=1397)patients.Patients receiving aggressive IVF therapy had higher risk for acute kidney injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome.There also was no significant difference in the overall incidence of systemic inflammatory response syndrome,persistent organ failure,pancreatic necrosis when comparing both study groups.CONCLUSION Early aggressive IVF therapy did not improve mortality.Moreover,aggressive IVF therapy could potentially increase the risk for acute kidney injury and pulmonary edema leading to respiratory failure and mechanical ventilation.Studies are needed to investigate which subset of AP patients could benefit from aggressive IVF therapy.

关键词： Acute pancreatitis Intravenous fluid resuscitation Aggressive fluid resuscitation

Determination of eighty-two pesticides and application to screening pesticides in cannabis growing facilities

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2021年第6期33卷 11-16页

作者： Caley B Craven Afsoon Pajand Birjandi Brigette simons Ping Jiang Xing-Fang Li Department of Chemistry Faculty of ScienceUniversity of AlbertaEdmonton T6G 2G3ABCanada Molecular Science Corp 120 Adelaide Street WestSuite 2500Toronto M5H 1T1ONCanada Division of Analytical and Environmental Toxicology Department of Laboratory Medicine and PathologyFaculty of Medicine and DentistryUniversity of AlbertaEdmonton T6G 2G3ABCanada

Determination of pesticides in cannabis facilities is increasingly important as medicinal and recreational uses of cannabis products expand rapidly. We report a method involving wipe sampling, liquid chromatography separation, and tandem mass spectrometry, which enables determination of 82 pesticides out of the 96 regulated by Health Canada. To demonstrate an application of the method, we sampled and measured pesticides in two cannabis growing facilities, representing a non-certified and a certified site. We detected 41 pesticides in surface wipe samples at the non-certified site and 6 at the certified site. This study provides the first evidence showing pesticide occurrence on common surfaces in cannabis growing facilities and points to a need for routine monitoring and strict control of pesticide use in cannabis facilities.

关键词： USA Determination of eighty-two pesticides and application to screening pesticides in cannabis growing facilities

recurrent ectopic pancreatitis of the jejunum and mesentery over a 30-year period

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2011年第2期10卷 218-220页

作者： John CT Wong Charlotte robinson Edward C Jones Alison Harris Charles Zwirewich robert Wakefield richard k simons Eric M Yoshida Department of Medicine Department of Medicine 2775 Laurel StreetUniversity of British Columbia VancouverBritish ColumbiaCanadaV5Z 1M9 Department of radiology Department of Medicine 2775 Laurel StreetUniversity of British Columbia VancouverBritish ColumbiaCanadaV5Z 1M9 Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Department of Medicine 2775 Laurel StreetUniversity of British Columbia VancouverBritish ColumbiaCanadaV5Z 1M9 Department of Surgery Department of Medicine 2775 Laurel StreetUniversity of British Columbia VancouverBritish ColumbiaCanadaV5Z 1M9 Division of Gastroenterology Department of Medicine 2775 Laurel StreetUniversity of British Columbia VancouverBritish ColumbiaCanadaV5Z 1M9

BACkGrOUND:Ectopic pancreas is defined as pancreatic tissue found outside its usual anatomical position,with no ductal or vascular communication with the native pancreas. We describe a case of ectopic pancreas of the small bowel and mesentery causing recurrent episodes of pancreatitis, initially suspected on computed tomography(CT)and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography(MrCP),and confirmed on histological review of the resection. METHODS:A 67-year-old woman presented with clinical symptoms and biochemical evidence of pancreatitis.She had similar episodes over the past 30 years with unrevealing investigations,and was concluded to have idiopathic pancreatitis. She underwent CT and MrCP,with findings suggestive of ectopic pancreas,a diagnosis confirmed on histology of the resection. rESULTS:MrCP identified a mass in the proximal small bowel mesentery isointense to the native pancreas,with a small duct draining into a proximal jejunal loop.The resected specimen consisted of normal parenchyma with lobulated acinar tissue with scattered islets of Langerhans,an occasional ductular structure,and admixed areas of adipose tissue.The patient remained asymptomatic with normal biochemistry six months post-operatively. CONCLUSION:In an individual with abdominal pain,elevated serum amylase/lipase,but imaging findings of a normal native pancreas,ectopic pancreatitis should be considered,and can be evaluated by CT and MrCP.

关键词： ectopic pancreas gastrointestinal tract endoscopic ultrasound computed tomography magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography