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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2022年第11期10卷 35-49页

作者： simon pierre djroh Kouamelan Serge Kouamelan Yacouba Ouattara Serge Pacome Dégine Gnoleba Applied Geophysics Research Team Laboratory Mineral and Energy Resources (LGRME) Faculty of Earth Science and Mineral Resources Félix Houphou&#235 t Boigny University Abidjan C&#244 te d’Ivoire Ministry of Mines and Geology Yamoussoukro C&#244 te d’Ivoire

This study proposes an alternative approach to the investigation of high flow hydrogeological fractures within the basement in the Dabakala region of north-central Côte d’Ivoire. The used approach consists of exploring the subsurface by measuring electrical resistivity contrasts along the main shear direction within crystallophyllian rocks. Electrical resistivity profiling and vertical electrical sounding techniques, coupled with boreholes monitoring, have identified fractured aquifers whose best flow rates are around 96 and 116 m3/h. These aquifers mostly hosted in granodiorite have an average strength of 10 meters and are located at depth of around 100 meters. They are associated with open fractures created by tangential shear stresses that have affected the Dabakala volcano-sedimentary trench formations. The search for fractured aquifers along the main shear direction offers great perspective for obtaining high flow rates.

关键词： Shear Fractured Aquifer High Flow Rate Côte d’Ivoire

Tectonics and Sulphide Mineralization in the Boundiali Birimian Formations by Means of Geophysical Data

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2022年第10期10卷 32-45页

作者： simon pierre djroh Loukou Nicolas Kouamé Serge Pacôme Déguine Gnoleba Yapo Abolé Serge Innocent Oboue Boko Célestin Sombo Applied Geophysics Research Team Laboratory Mineral and Energy Resources (LGRME) Faculty of Earth Science and Mineral Re-sources Félix Houphou&#235 t Boigny University Abidjan C&#244 te d’Ivoire Applied Geophysics Research Team Laboratory Mineral and Energy Resources (LGRME) Faculty of Earth Science and Mineral Re-sources Félix Houphou&#235 t Boigny University Abidjan C&#244 te d’Ivoiree Ministry of Mines and Geology Yamoussoukro C&#244 te d’Ivoire School of Earth Sciences Zhejiang University Hangzhou China

This study focused on the interpretation of geophysical data collected from the Sissedougou prospect which is located at the southern end of the Korhogo-M’Benguebirimian trench. The geophysical surveys were carried out on two grids with two magnetometers and an induced polarisation unit composed of a transmitter and a receiver. The magnetic data allowed on one side the mapping of basic, intrusive and volcanic formations, weakly magnetic rocks produced by meta-sediments to be showed, and on the other hand to identify the continuity of the shear corridor observed southward and northward of the prospect. Induced polarisation data revealed the signature of sulphide and disseminated mineralization. The synthesis of the obtained results showed that deep NE-SW, NNE-SSW and N-S oriented fractures promoted the late rise of sulphide fluids. The setting of sulphide and gold mineralization in the southern part of the Boundiali trench is therefore controlled by ductile and brittle shearing.

关键词： Geophysics Shear Zone Gold Sulphite Birimian Côte d’Ivoire

Magnetic Facies and Polymetallic Sulphides Deposit in the Mafic and Ultramafic Intrusions of Samapleu (Western Côte d’Ivoire)

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Open Journal of Geology 2022年第10期12卷 811-827页

作者： simon pierre djroh Gnamba Emmanuel Franck Gouedji Ehui Beh Jean Constantin Aka Boko Célestin Sombo Christian Picard Marc-Antoine Audet Bouaké Bakayoko Applied Geophysics Research Team Laboratory of Geology Mineral and Energy Resources (LGRME) Faculty of Earth Science and Mineral Resources Félix Houphouet Boigny University Abidjan C&ocirc te d’Ivoire Geology and Mining Sciences University of Man Man C&ocirc te d’Ivoire University of Franche-Comté (UMR 6249) 16 Route de Gray Besan&ccedil on France Sama Nickel-CI Sarl 2 Plateaux Vallons Abidjan C&ocirc te d’Ivoire

Mafic and ultramafic intrusions observed in the Archean formations of the Sipilou region exhibit occurrences of polymetallic sulphide. Mapping, petrographic and geochemical studies have defined magnetic facies associated with the various geological units. The results of this work reveal that cupronickel sulphides, olivines and pyroxenes as well as spinels are related to ultrabasic formations where strong magnetic facies prevail. Iron sulphides and magnetite are linked to quartzo-feldspathic and jotunite-enderbite formations, which are characterised by moderate magnetic facies. The latter are thought to be derived from anatexite remobilisation within Archean granulites, which have weak magnetic facies.

关键词： Magnetic Facies Mapping Petrography Geochemistry Sulphides Côte d’Ivoire

Production of Yam Tubers Using Seed Tubers from Vitroplants Regenerated from Aerial Stems in the Yam Species Dioscorea alata (L.) and Dioscorea cayenensis-rotundata (L. & P.) in Côte d’Ivoire

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2024年第3期15卷 184-194页

作者： Koffi Honoré Kouamé Kouakou Marius Konan Kouadio Ignace Kouassi Kouablan Edmond Koffi Assanvo simon-pierre N’Guetta Department of des Science and Technology University Alassane Ouattara of Bouaké Bouaké C&#244te d’Ivoire Plant Production Research Unit Department of Natural Sciences University Nangui Abrogoua Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire Central Biotechnology Laboratory National Center for Agronomic Research (NCAR) Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire Genetics Laboratory of Bioscience Research Unit University Félix Houphou&#235t Boigny (UFHB) Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire

The aim of this study is to produce large quantities of yam tubers in the field from seed tubers derived from vitroplants regenerated from aerial stem cuttings and farmers’ tuber seeds. Seed tubers from ten yam cultivars, including five from Dioscorea alata (cDa083, cDa053, cDa115, cDa150 and cDa266) and five from Dioscorea cayenensis-rotundata (cDr015, cDr027, cDr150, cDr206 and cDr148) with distinct agro-morphological characteristics, were used as material. A completely randomized block design with 3 replications was used. In each block, all cultivars and seed types were represented. When put into cultivation, the tubers produced by the vitroplants all germinated and gave 100% healthy plants, compared with 86% to 100% healthy plants for the seed tubers produced by the farmers. Yields per hectare ranged from 10 to 25 tonnes for seed tubers produced by in vitro plants, and from 4 to 9 tons for seed tubers produced by farmers. Seed tubers from vitroplants can therefore be recommended to farmers as a solution to the problem of seed tuber unavailability.

关键词： Yams Vitroplants Seed Tubers Yields

Total Fat, Fatty Acid Composition, Tocopherol and Tocotrienol Profiles in Fermented Beans of Ten Controlled Pollinated Cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) Hybrids from Cameroon

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2024年第5期15卷 359-373页

作者： Martin Paul Arnaud Mbida simon Perrez Akoa Ronelle Fabiola Mbia Manga Ndjaga Jude Martine Louise Ondobo Onomo pierre Effa Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Science University of Yaounde I Yaounde Cameroon Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Department of Biological Science Higher Teacher&#8217s Training College University of Yaounde I Yaounde Cameroon Department of Food Science and Technology Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary Medecine University of Buea Buea Cameroon National Technology Development Committee Ministry of Scientific Research and Innovation Administrative Center Yaounde Cameroon Department of Agriculture and Agropastoral Higher Technical Teacher&#8217s Training College University of Ebolowa Ebolowa Cameroon

This study aimed to discriminate ten Cameroonian cocoa hybrids according to their total fat, fatty acid composition, tocopherol and tocotrienol profiles. Six cocoa clones from the gene banks of the Cameroon Cocoa Development Corporation were used to create hybrids. The determination of fatty acid composition was carried out by using a gas chromatography (GC) apparatus coupled by a flame ion detector (FID). Tocopherol and tocotrienol analysis was performed by upper high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC). Information on the impact of the genotype on the cocoa fat composition was provided. The major fatty acids (FA) in fermented samples are stearic (34.57%), palmitic (26.13%), oleic (34.13%) and linoleic (3.16%) acids. (35.05% to 35.6%). SCA12 × ICS40, SCA12 × SNK13, SNK13 × T79/501 have the least hard cocoa butters. Tocopherols analysis showed a predominance of γ-tocopherols (94.64 ± 1.51 to 292.16 ± 3.17 µg∙g−1), whereas only a small amount of β and δ-tocopherol (from 0.46 to 2.78 µg∙g−1 and 0.12 to 5.82 respectively) was observed. No γ-tocotrienol was found in fermented samples. A differentiation in terms of total fat and tocopherol content was observed amongst hybrids with the same mother-clone, suggesting an impact of pollen on these compounds.

关键词： Cocoa Hybrids Lipid Composition UHPLC GC-FID

Mobility of Major and Trace Elements during the Bauxitization Processes in Ngaoundal Area (Adamawa Cameroon): Implication on Mining Perspectives

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Open Journal of Geology 2024年第1期14卷 81-100页

作者： André Sini Harouna Boukari Ondoa Augustin Désiré Balla Djetenbe Beral Salomon Wangmené Awé simon Djakba Basga Jean pierre Nguetnkam Department of Mining Engineering School of Geology and Mining Engineering University of Ngaoundere Ngaoundere Cameroon Department of Mining Engineering and Environment School of Mining Industry and Geology University of Abdou-Moumouni Niamey Niger Department of Earth Sciences Faculty of Science University of Ngaoundere Ngaoundere Cameroon Department of Mining Engineering Saint Jerome Polytechnic Saint Jerome Catholic University Institute of Douala Douala Cameroon Institute of Agricultural Research for Development (IRAD) Garoua Cameroon

This study was focused to assess major and trace elements in bauxitic duricrusts from Ngaoundal and its surroundings in order to establish their mining interest. To this end, fieldworks, mineralogical and geochemical analyses were carried out. Four facies of duricrust were identified and characterized from the summit to the top of the slope of the Ngaoundal mountain: scoriaceous, pisolitic, nodular and massive. Mineralogical and geochemical analyses performed on 16 samples, revealed a significant concentration of Al2O3 mainly in the scoriaceous facies (over 45% in grade), moderate in Fe2O3 (averaging 23.69%) and SiO2 (averaging 21.7%). Trace elements were generally low, excluding Cr (421 ppm on average), Zr (327 ppm on average and V (213 ppm on average). In addition, the limited quantities of alkalis (Na2O, K2O) and alkaline earths metals (MgO, CaO) coupled with the very high values of Chemical Index of Alteration (CIA) and Mineralogical Index of Alteration (MIA), (more than 99%) attest to the intense weathering of the studied materials. Allitization and monosiallitization constituted the crystallochemical phenomena that have led to the development of bauxitic minerals. More than 90% of gibbsite in scoriaceous facies, 52.21% - 76.01% of kaolinite in pisolitic facies and more than 40% of hematite in nodular facies were quantified. The relationships between the constitutive components indicated their interdependency during the bauxitization phenomenon. The mineralogical and geochemical properties highlighted the mining interest of the studied duricrusts to be valorized.

关键词： Duricrust Bauxitization Phenomenon Mineralogical and Geochemical Characterization Major and Trace Elements Mining Potential

Ethics of Human Resources Management in the Cameroonian Health System, Medical Nomadism and the Ineffectiveness of the Fight against High Blood Pressure

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Health 2024年第1期16卷 9-21页

作者： Jean Ndibi Abanda Anicet Onana Akoa Désiré Tchoffo Ulrich Dama pierre Yassa Yoniene Faculty of Health Sciences University of Lisala (CIREP-UNILIS) Lisala Democratic Republic of the Congo National Order of Medical and Sanitary Professions Yaounde Cameroon School of Health Sciences Catholic University of Central Africa Yaounde Cameroon World Health Organization Maroua Cameroon Faculty of Medicine University Simon Kimbangu Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo

Context/objectives: The fight against Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) is a long-term undertaking, which requires available, motivated and well-managed human resources (HR). The administrative management of skills on both qualitative and quantitative levels is one of the essential functions of a health system. To better implement policies of fight against High Blood Pressure (HBP) and other chronic diseases, it is important to establish strategies to retain health personnel. This loyalty requires favorable working conditions and consideration of the contribution-reward couple. Good working conditions are likely to reduce the phenomenon of medical nomadism;conversely, poor HR management can contribute to their exodus towards exotic “green pastures”, thus leading to an additional crisis in the Cameroonian health system. The fight against HBP is a complex, multifaceted and multifactorial reality that requires appropriate management model for all types of resources mainly HR. The main objective of this research is to show the impact of poor management of human resources in Cameroon health system on medical nomadism and the ineffectiveness of the fight against High Blood Pressure. Method: A cross-sectional descriptive survey among five hundred (500) health facilities in the center region of Cameroon has been conducted. A stratified probabilistic technique has been used, and the number of health facilities to be surveyed has been determined using the “sample size estimation table” of Depelteau. The physical questionnaires have been printed and then distributed to data collectors. After data collection, the latter were grouped during processing in Excel sheets. The Chi-square test was used for data with a qualitative value and that of Kolmogorov-Sminorf for data with a quantitative value to assess the normality and reliability of data. The Crochach’s Alpha reliability test allowed us to have a summary of the means and variances and then to search for intragroup cor

关键词： Ethics Human Resources Management Cameroonian Health System Medical Nomadism Ineffectiveness High Blood Pressure

Mass Screening Using Antigenic and Molecular Diagnostic Tests of COVID-19 in Bangui at the Beginning of the Second Wave in July 2021

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Journal of Tuberculosis Research 2024年第1期12卷 1-12页

作者： Clotaire Donatien Rafaï Marie-Roseline Darnycka Belizaire pierre Somse Wilfrid Sylvain Nambei Ernest Lango-Yaya Oscar Senzongo Luc Salva Hereidebona Ulrich Jeffrey Kotemossoua Rabbi Mermoz Senekian simon Pounguinza Christian-Diamant Mossoro-Kpinde Alain Le Faou Jean De Dieu Longo François-Xavier Mbopi-Keou Gérard Grésenguet Boniface Koffi National Laboratory of Clinical Biology and Public Health Bangui Central African Republic Faculty of Health Sciences University of Bangui Bangui Central African Republic World Health Organization Bangui Central African Republic Ministry of Health and Population Bangui Central African Republic Faculty of Medicine Maieutic and Health Sciences University of Lorraine Pole Brabois Santé Nancy France Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaounde I Yaounde Cameroun

Objective: COVID-19 surveillance was established as early as March 2020 in the Central African Republic (CAR), after the WHO statement relating to the identification of several cases outside China. However, given the non-performing molecular biology technical platform in many developing countries in sub-Saharan Africa, the second wave promised to be surprising and formidable. In this context, a mass survey was launched in Bangui to determine the prevalence of COVID-19. Patients and Methods: From March 18 to April 2, 2021, a mass screening campaign took place in tourist places, companies and the main hospital infrastructures. Nasopharyngeal swab samples were collected from participants with and without symptoms of Influenza-like illness (ILI) and stored in VTM tubes. The Ag (COVID-19) and RT-PCR tests were carried out in Bangui at the LNBCSP. The sequencing of RT-PCR SARS-CoV-2 positives was carried out at the INRB. Results: We included 1480 participants of whom 33 (2.23%) were SARS-COV-2 positive, of whom 24 were male and 9 female. This sex difference was statistically significant (p = 0.012) as the sex ratio M/F was 1.09. Sampling sites located in the 1st arrondissement were the most prolific (p = 0.006) and were sequenced. In addition to the analysis of the 33 samples from the predefined sites under study, 17 control sequences from the provinces generated during the same period are added. We detected 2 Variants Of Concern (VOC) including the predominant B.1.620 (43.86%) followed by B.1.1.7 or Alpha (5.10%). Conclusion: The study showed the importance of surveillance and the availability of means of diagnosis of COVID-19. The identified risk factors were sex and sampling site. This study has shown the importance of setting up sentinel sites for COVID-19 surveillance in all regions of the country and the appropriate use of the anti-COVID-19 vaccine.

关键词： COVID-19 Variants Central African Republic

Molten Salt-Shielded Synthesis(MS^(3))of MXenes in Air

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2023年第2期6卷 159-164页

作者： Jinjin Chen Qianqian Jin Youbing Li Hui Shao Pengcheng Liu Ying Liu pierre-Louis Taberna Qing Huang Zifeng Lin Patrice simon College of Materials Science and Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China Materials Science and Engineering Research Center Guangxi University of Science and TechnologyLiuzhou 545006China Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesNingbo 315201China Qianwan Institute of CNiTECH Zhongchuangyi RoadHangzhou Bay DistrictNingbo 315336China CIRIMAT Universit´e de ToulouseCNRSToulouse 31400France R´eseau sur le Stockage Electrochimique de l’Energie(RS2E)FR CNRS no 3459 Engineering Research Center of Alternative Energy Materials&Devices Ministry of EducationChina

MXenes are two-dimensional transition metal carbides and/or nitrides with unique physiochemical properties and have attracted extensive interest in numerous ***,current MXene synthesis methods are limited by hazardous synthesis conditions,high production costs,or difficulty in largescale ***,a general,safe,cost-effective,and scalable synthesis method for MXenes is ***,we report the fast synthesis of MXenes in the open air using a molten salt-shielded synthesis(MS^(3))method,which uses Lewis-acid salts as etchants and a low-melting-point eutectic salt mixture as the reaction medium and shield to prevent MXene oxidation at high *** and nitride MXenes,including Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x),Ti_(2)CT_(x),Ti_(3)CNT_(x),and Ti_(4)N_(3)T_(x),were successfully synthesized using the MS^(3) *** also present the flexibility of the MS^(3) method by scaling the etching process to large batches of 20 and 60 g of Ti_(3)AlC_(2) MAX precursor in one *** used as negative electrodes,the prepared MS^(3)-MXenes delivered excellent electrochemical properties for high-rate Li-ion storage.

关键词： carbides lithium-ion storage molten salt synthesis MXene nitrides

Factors of Adherence to Concurrent Tuberculosis Treatment and Antiretroviral Therapy among HIV-TB Co-Infected Individuals in the East Region, Cameroon in the COVID-19 Era: A Retrospective Cohort Study

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Health 2024年第2期16卷 131-147页

作者： François Anicet Onana Akoa Ulrich Dama Jean Ndibi Abanda Alphonse Tedonge Asobochia Melkior Fobasso Dzeuta Pearl Nsom Mbu Yokyu Zachary Pangwoh pierre Yassa Yoniene Faculty of Health Sciences University of Lisala (CIREP-UNILIS) Lisala Democratic Republic of the Congo Faculty of Health Sciences Catholic University of Central Africa Yaoundé Cameroon Faculty of Health Sciences University of Bamenda Bamenda Cameroon Faculty of Public Health Texila American University Guyana South America Faculty of Medicine University Simon Kimbangu Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo

Context/Objectives: Tuberculosis (TB) and HIV co-infection is a serious health problem in Cameroon. The problems associated with poor adherence to treatment are on the increase worldwide. This problem can be observed in all situations where patients are required to administer their own medication, whatever the type of illness. The general objective of this study was to assess the factors affecting adherence to treatment among HIV-TB co-infected patients in health facilities in the East Region in the COVID context. Method: A retrospective cohort study before and during COVID-19 was conducted in HIV care units in 13 health districts in the East Region of Cameroon. Data were collected using a questionnaire recorded in the Kobo Collect android application, analyzed using SPSS version 25 software and plotted using Excel. Results: The pre-COVID-19 cohort compared to the during-COVID-19 cohort had a 1.90 risk of not adhering to treatment (OR: 1.90, CI {1.90 - 3.37}) and the difference was statistically significant at the 5% level (p-value = 0.029). Frequency of adherence was 65.4% (140/214). Adherence before COVID-19 was 56.9% whereas during COVID-19, it was 74.3%. Conclusion: The implementation of targeted interventions in the COVID-19 context, using evidence-based data and integrating the individual needs of HIV-TB co-infected patients, improved adherence to concurrent anti-tuberculosis treatment and antiretroviral therapy during the COVID-19 Era.

关键词： Factors of Adherence Tuberculosis Treatment Antiretroviral Therapy HIV-TB Co-Infection East Region Cameroon