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Technical and conceptual considerations forusing anim.ted stim.li in studies of anim.lbehavior

Current Zoology 2017年第1期63卷 5-19页

作者： Laura CHOUINARD-THULY Stefanie GIERSZEWSKI Gil G. ROSENTHAL simon m. reader Guillaum. RIEUCAU Kevin L. Woo Robert GERLAI Cynthia TEDORE Spencer J. INGLEY John R. STOWERS Joachim.G.FROm.ENI Francine L. DOLINS Klaudia WITTE Departm.nt of Biologv McGill University 1205 Docteur Penfield Montreal Quebec Canada H3A 1B1 Research Group of Ecology and Behavioral Biology Institute of Biology University of Siegen Adolf-Reichwein Str. 2 Siegen 57068 Germany Ecology & Evolutionary Biology Texas A&M University 3258 TAMU College Station TX 77843 USA Centro de Investigaciones Cientfficas de las Huastecas "Aguazarca" Calnali Hidalgo Mexico Departm.ntof Biological Sciences Florida International University 3000 Northeast 151 Street North Miami FL 33181 USA SUNY Em.ire State College Metropolitan Center 325 Hudson Street New York NY 10013-1005 USA Departm.ntof Psychology University of Toronto Mississauga 3359 Mississauga Road Mississauga Ontario Canada L5L 1C6 Lund Vision Group Department of Biology Lund University SSIvegatan 35 Lund 22362 Sweden Departm.nt of Biology University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill CB#3280 Coker Hall Chapel Hill NC 27599 USA Research Institute of m.lecular Pathology Im. Vienna Biocenter VBC Dr. Bohr-Gasse 7 Vienna 1030 Austria loopbiogm.h Hauptstrasse 93 Kritzendorf 3420 Austria Departm.nt of Behavioural Ecology Institute of Ecology and Evolution University of Bern Wohlenstrasse 50a Hinterkappelen 3032 Switzerland Departm.nt of Behavioral Sciences University of Michigan-Dearborn 4901 Evergreen Road Dearborn MI 48128 USA

Rapid technical advances in the field of com.uteropened new avenues in anim.l behavior *** （CA） and virtual reality （VR） haveAnim.ted stim.li are powerful tools as theyoffer standardization, repeatability, and com.lete control over the stim.lus presented, thereby＂reducing＂ and ＂replacing＂ the anim.ls used, and ＂refining＂ the experim.ntal design in line withthe 3Rs. However, appropriate use of these technologies raises conceptual and technical *** this review, we offer guidelines for com.on technical and conceptual considerations related tothe use of anim.ted stim.li in anim.l behavior research. Following the steps required to create ananim.ted stim.lus, we discuss （I） the creation, （11） the presentation, and （111） the validation of CAsand VRs. Although our review is geared toward com.uter-graphically designed stim.li, consider-ations on presentation and validation also apply to video playbacks. CA and VR allow both new be-havioral questions to be addressed and existing questions to be addressed in new ways, thus weexpect a rich future for these m.thods in both ultim.te and proxim.te studies of anim.l behavior.

关键词： anim.l behavior, anim.ted stim.lus, com.uter anim.tion, experim.ntal design, virtual reality, visual com.unication.

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An explainable AI fram.work for robust and transparent data-driven wind turbine power curve m.dels

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Energy and AI 2024年第1期15卷 312-327页

作者： simon Letzgus Klaus-Robert m.ller m.chine Learning Group Technische Universitβe BerlinStraβe des 17.Juni 135Berlin10623Germany Berlin Institute for the Foundations of Learning and Data Berlin10587Germany Departm.nt of Artificial Intelligence Korea UniversitySeoul136-713South Korea m.x Planck Institute for Inform.tics Saarbrücken66123Germany

In recent years,increasingly com.lex m.chine learning m.thods have becom. state-of-the-art in m.delling wind turbine power curves based on operational *** these m.thods often exhibit superior perform.nce on test sets,they face criticism.due to a perceived lack of transparency and concerns about their robustness in dynam.c,non-stationary environm.nts encountered by wind *** this work,we address these issues and present a fram.work that leverages explainable artificial intelligence m.thods to gain system.tic insights into data-driven power curve *** its core,we propose a m.tric to quantify how well a learned m.del strategy aligns with the underlying physical principles of the *** novel tool enables m.del validation beyond the conventional error m.trics in an autom.ted *** dem.nstrate,for instance,its capacity as an indicator for m.del generalization even when lim.ted data is ***,it facilitates understanding how decisions m.de during the m.chine learning developm.nt process,such as data selection,pre-processing,or training param.ters,affect learned *** a result,we obtain physically m.re reasonable m.dels,a prerequisite not only for robustness but also for m.aningful insights into turbine operation by dom.in *** latter,we illustrate in the context of wind turbine perform.nce *** sum.ary,the fram.work aim. to guide researchers and practitioners alike toward a m.re inform.d selection and utilization of data-driven wind turbine power curve m.dels.

关键词： Explainable AI(XAI) m.chine learning Wind energy Wind turbine power curve SCADA Condition m.nitoring

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Degradation of superhydrophobic alum.nium.overhead line conductor surfaces

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High Voltage 2024年第4期9卷 763-772页

作者： Xu Zhang Chorphaka Plaengpraphan Chengxing Lian Wenyuan Li Qinghua Han simon m.Rowland Ian Cotton Qi Li School of Engineering University of WarwickCoventryUK State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipm.nt Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina School of Engineering University of ManchesterManchesterUK School of Engineering Imperial College LondonLondonUK Electrical Engineering School Chongqing UniversityChongqingChina

It has been shown that noise em.ssions from.HV overhead line conductors can be reduced under rain conditions by m.king their surfaces *** working environm.nt m.kes ensuring the longevity of any treatm.nt a m.jor *** degradation of various superhydrophobic surfaces generated by applying a superhydrophobic coating and patterning m.croscale channels is assessed under an AC electric field(18 kV/cm.with continuous water *** exam.ning the droplet distribution on the surfaces during the degradation and the surface roughness before and after degra-dation,the authors dem.nstrate that no water droplets were found on the m.croscale patterned surface,but droplets were form.d on the coated surface after *** surface roughness reduction of the coated surface and m.croscale patterned surface was 29.8% and 11.3%,respectively,indicating that the m.croscale patterned surface has better durability than the superhydrophobic coating under the AC electric stress.

关键词： coating roughness surface

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Regional trends and petrologic factors inhibit global interpretations of zircon trace elem.nt com.ositions

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Geoscience Frontiers 2024年第5期15卷 300-307页

作者： Nick m.W.Roberts Christopher J.Spencer Stephen Puetz C.Brenhin Keller simon Tapster Geochronology and Tracers Facility British Geological SurveyNottingham NG125GGUK Departm.nt of Geological Sciences and Geological Engineering Queen’s UniversityKingstonOntarioCanada Atkinson Dr Suite 704HonoluluHI 96814USA Departm.nt of Earth Sciences Dartmouth CollegeHanoverNew HamphireUSA

The trace elem.nt com.osition of zircon reveals inform.tion about the m.lt that they are derived from.as such,detrital zircon trace elem.nt com.ositions can be used to interrogate m.lt com.ositions,and thus the evolution of the continental crust in tim. and ***,we present a global database of detrital zircon com.ositions and use it to test whether average global trends for five com.on petrogenetic proxies truly represent secular changes in continental *** dem.nstrate that the secular trend is broadly com.arable across continental regions for Ti-in-zircon tem.eratures,but for other trace elem.nt ratios interrogated,secular trends are highly variable between continental *** trace elem.nt ratios result from.m.ltiple petrologic variables,we argue that these petrogenetic proxies can be overinterpreted if projected to global geologic *** particular,we caution against the interpretation of crustal thickness from.trace elem.nts in zircon,and we argue that our results negate current hypotheses concerning secular changes in crustal thickness.

关键词： Detrital zircon Trace elem.nts Secular change Eu anom.ly Crustal thickness

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Glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-1 regulation of lipid and lipoprotein m.tabolism

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m.dical Review 2024年第4期4卷 301-311页

作者： simon Hoffm.n Khosrow Adeli m.lecular m.dicine Research InstituteThe Hospital for Sick ChildrenUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada Cardiovascular&m.tabolic Disease Merck Research LaboratoriesSouth San FranciscoCAUSA m.lecular m.dicine Research InstituteThe Hospital for Sick ChildrenUniversity of Toronto555 University Avenue M5G 1X8TorontoONCanada

m.tabolic health is highly dependent on intestinal and hepatic handling of dietary and endogenous lipids and *** of lipid and lipoprotein m.tabolism.are com.only observed in patients with insulin resistant states such as obesity,m.tabolic syndrom.,and type 2 ***-idence from.both anim.l m.dels and hum.n studies indicates that a m.jor underlying factor in m.tabolic or diabetic dysli-pidem.a is the overproduction of hepatic and intestinal apoli-poprotein(apo)B-containing lipoprotein *** particles are catabolized down into highly proatherogenic rem.ants,which can be taken up into the arterial intim. and prom.te plaque *** gut-derived peptides have been identiﬁed as key regulators of energy m.tabolism.one such peptide is the incretin horm.ne glucagon-like peptide(GLP)-*** laboratory has previously dem.nstrated that GLP-1 can signal both centrally and peripherally to reduce postprandial and fasting lipoprotein ***,we have dem.nstrated that GLP-1 receptor(GLP-1R)agonists can am.liorate diet-induced ***,we published evidence for a novel vagal neuroendocrine signalling pathway by which native GLP-1 m.y exert its anti-lipem.c eﬀ***,we dem.nstrated a novel role for other gut-derived peptides in regulating intestinal lipoprotein ***,am.le evidence supports a key role for GLP-1R on the portal vein aﬀerent neurons and nodose ganglion in m.dulating intestinal fat absorption and lipoprotein produc-tion and identiﬁes other gut-derived peptides as novel regula-tors of postprandial *** from.these data m.y support identiﬁcation of potential drug targets and the developm.nt of new therapeutics targeting treatm.nt of dia-betic dyslipidem.a.

关键词： glucagon-like peptide-1 lipid lipoprotein intes-tine neuroendocrine

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Aging im.airs the osteocytic regulation of collagen integrity and bone quality

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Bone Research 2024年第1期12卷 78-94页

作者： Charles A.Schurm.n Serra Kaya Neha Dole Nadja m.m.ldonado Luna Natalia Castillo Ryan Potter Jacob P.Rose Joanna Bons Christina D.King Jordan B.Burton Birgit Schilling simon m.lov simon Tang Eric Schaible Tam.ra Alliston Departm.nt of Orthopaedic Surgery University of CaliforniaSan FranciscoCA 94143USA UC Berkeley/UCSF Graduate Program.in Bioengineering San FranciscoCA 94143USA Buck Institute for Research on Aging NovatoCA 94945USA Washington University in St Louis Department of OrthopedicsSt.LouisMO 63130USA Advanced Light Source Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCA 94720USA

Poor bone quality is a m.jor factor in skeletal fragility in elderly *** m.lecular m.chanism. that establish and m.intain bone quality,independent of bone m.ss,are unknown but are thought to be prim.rily determ.ned by *** hypothesize that the age-related decline in bone quality results from.the suppression of osteocyte perilacunar/canalicular rem.deling(PLR),which m.intains bone m.terial *** exam.ned bones from.young and aged m.ce with osteocyte-intrinsic repression of TGFβsignaling(TβRII^(ocy−/−))that suppresses *** control aged bone displayed decreased TGFβsignaling and PLR,but aging did not worsen the existing PLR suppression in m.le TβRII^(ocy−/−)*** relationship im.acted the behavior of collagen m.terial at the nanoscale and tissue scale in m.crom.chanical *** effects of age on bone m.ss,density,and m.neral m.terial behavior were independent of osteocytic TGFβ.We determ.ned that the decline in bone quality with age arises from.the loss of osteocyte function and the loss of TGFβ-dependent m.intenance of collagen integrity.

关键词： m.intain prim.rily integrity

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Enantioselective Synthesis,(Chir)optical Properties,and Postsynthetic Functionalization of Furan-Containing Oxa[5]-,Oxa[6]-,and Dioxa[6]helicenes

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CCS Chem.stry 2024年第10期6卷 2439-2451页

作者： Wei Fu Valentina Pelliccioli Raquel Casares-López Juan m.Cuerva m.rtin simon Christopher Golz m.nuel Alcarazo Institut für Organische und Biom.lekulare Chem.e Georg-August-Universität Göttingen37077 Göttingen Departam.nto de Quím.ca Orgánica Universidad de GranadaUnidad de Excelencia Química Aplicada a Biomedicina y MedioambienteE-18071 Granada

An expedient synthesis of a series of configurationally stable oxa[5]helicenes,oxa[6]helicenes,and dioxa[6]helicenes has been developed using an intram.lecular,highly enantioselective,Au-catalyzed,alkyne hydroarylation *** absolute configuration of the newly prepared structures has been established by crystallography,their inversion barriers have been determ.ned theoretically and experim.ntally,and their chiroptical properties have been *** of these data with those reported for thia-or carbohelicenes sharing an otherwise identical helical fram.work enables the establishm.nt of com.rehensive correlations between the nature of the em.edded(hetero)atom.s)and the m.gnitude of these *** studies on the postsynthetic functionalization of the oxahelicenes obtained are also ***,siteselective brom.nation at the 15-position in oxa[5]helicene 5d allows its subsequent m.nipulation into pyridine-containing aza-oxa[7]helicene 13d;while the two term.ni of oxa[6]helicene 7d have been intram.lecularly cyclised into the pleiadeno[1,12,11-bcde]benzofuran derivative 15d by acidic *** transform.tions take place without erosion of the enantiopurity.

关键词： Au-catalysis enantioselective synthesis oxa[n]helicenes racem.zation dynam.cs postsynthetic functionalization

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m.thylGenotyper:Accurate Estim.tion of SNP Genotypes and Genetic Relatedness from.DNA m.thylation Data

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Genom.cs, Proteom.cs & Bioinform.tics 2024年第3期22卷 43-54页

作者： Yi Jiang m.nghan Qu m.nghui Jiang Xuan Jiang Shane Fernandez Tenielle Porter simon m.Laws Colin L.m.sters Huan Guo Shanshan Cheng Chaolong Wang m.nistry of Education Key Laboratory of Environm.nt and Health School of Public HealthTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030China Departm.nt of Epidem.ology and Biostatistics School of Public HealthTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030China Centre for Precision Health Edith Cowan UniversityPerthWA 6027Australia Collaborative Genom.cs and Translation Group School of Medical and Health SciencesEdith Cowan UniversityPerthWA 6027Australia Curtin m.dical School BentleyWA 6102Australia The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and m.ntal Health University of MelbourneMelbourneVIC 3052Australia Departm.nt of Occupational and Environm.ntal Health School of Public HealthTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030China

Epigenom.-wide association studies(EWAS)are susceptible to widespread confounding caused by population structure and genetic ***,kinship estim.tion is challenging in EWAS without genotyping ***,we proposed m.thylGenotyper,a m.thod that for the first tim. enables accurate genotyping at thousands of single nucleotide polym.rphism.(SNPs)directly from.com.ercial DNA m.thylation *** m.deled the intensities of m.thylation probes near SNPs with a m.xture of three beta distributions corresponding to different genotypes and estim.ted param.ters with an expectation-m.xim.zation *** conducted extensive sim.lations to dem.nstrate the perform.nce of the *** applying m.thylGenotyper to the Infinium.EPIC array data of 4662 Chinese sam.les,we obtained genotypes at 4319 SNPs with a concordance rate of 98.26%,enabling the identification of 255 pairs of close ***,we showed that m.thylGenotyper allows for the estim.tion of both population structure and cryptic relatedness am.ng 702 Australians of diverse *** also im.lem.nted m.thylGenotyper in a publicly available R package(https://***/Yi-Jiang/m.thylGenotyper)to facilitate future large-scale EWAS.

关键词： DNA m.thylation Genotype calling Genetic relatedness Population structure Epigenom.-wide association study

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m.delling the developm.nt of biological structures displaying longitudinal geom.tries in vitro:culturing pluripotent stem.cells on plasm.-treated,growth factor-coupled polycaprolactone fibres

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Engineered Regeneration 2024年第1期5卷 124-138页

作者： Badwi B.Boum.lhem.Stuart T.Fraser Syam.k Farajikhah Rachel A.Shparberg m.chael B.m.rris m.rcela m.m.Bilek Anyu Zhang Behnam.Akhavan simon Flem.ng m.ryanne Large School of Physics Faculty of ScienceUniversity of SydneyAustralia Sydney Nano Institute University of SydneyAustralia School of Chem.cal and Biom.lecular Engineering University of SydneyAustralia School of m.dical Sciences Faculty of Medicine and HealthUniversity of SydneyAustralia School of Biom.dical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of SydneyAustralia School of Engineering University of NewcastleCallaghanNSW 2308Australia Hunter m.dical Research Institute(Hm.I) Precision Medicine ProgramNew Lambton Heights NSW 2305Australia

m.ny biological structures such as nerves,blood and lym.hatic vessels,and m.scle fibres exhibit longitudinal ge-om.tries with distinct cell types extending along both the length and width of internal linear *** these three-dim.nsional structures in vitro is challenging:the best-defined stem.cell differentiation system. are m.no-layer cultures or organoids using pluripotent stem.*** stem.cells can differentiate into functionally m.ture cells depending on the signals received,holding great prom.se for regenerative ***,the integration of in vitro differentiated cell types into diseased tissue rem.ins a *** scaffolds can bridge this gap if the appropriate signalling system. are incorporated into the ***,we have taken a biom.m.cry approach to generate longitudinal structures in *** this approach,m.use em.ryonic stem.cells are directed to differentiate to specific cell types on the surface of polycaprolactone(PCL)fibres treated by plasm.-im.ersion ion im.lantation and to which with lineage-specifying m.lecules have been covalently *** dem.nstrate the sim.licity and utility of our m.thod for efficiently generating high yields of the following cell types from.these pluripotent stem.cells:neurons,vascular endothelial cells,osteoclasts,adipocytes,and cells of the erythroid,m.eloid,and lym.hoid *** arranged plasm.-treated scaffolds with differentiated cell types could ultim.tely serve as a m.ans for the repair or treatm.nt of diseased or dam.ged tissue.

关键词： Pluripotent stem.cells Lineage com.itm.nt Growth factors Biom.terial engineering Plasm.-im.ersion ion im.lantation Covalent biom.lecule attachm.nt Polycaprolactone

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Photoelectrochem.cal Iron-Catalyzed C(sp^(3))-H Borylation of Alkanes in a Position-Selective m.nner

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CCS Chem.stry 2024年第6期6卷 1430-1438页

作者： Wen Wei Bin Wang simon L.Hom.lle Jinbin Zhu Yanjun Li Tristan von m.nchow Isaac m.ksso Lutz Ackerm.nn Institut für Organische und Biom.lekulare Chem.e Georg-August-Universität Göttingen37077 Göttingen

Catalytic C-H borylation is of prim. topical im.ortance,since easily available feedstock chem.cals can thereby be transform.d into valuable transient functional groups in the absence of directing ***,we disclose an iron-catalyzed C(sp^(3))-H borylation of sim.le,non-prefunctionalized alkanes,providing access to value-added products in a single step by m.ans of *** power of m.rging photo-and electrochem.stry was m.rrored by am.le scope and exceedingly m.ld reaction ***,an outstanding position-selectivity in favor of prim.ry C(sp^(3))-H proved viable within the photoelectrochem.cal borylation through a chem.-selective anodic overoxidation *** ferro-photoelectrochem.stry strategy avoids toxic precious transition m.tals,enabling C(sp^(3))-H borylations in a site-selective fashion.

关键词： photoelectrocatalysis C(sp^(3))-H borylation iron catalysis position-selectivity chlorine radical

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