检索结果-南通市图书馆

Artificial versus Natural Reuse of CO2 for DME Production：Are We Any Closer？

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Engineering 2017年第2期3卷 166-170页

作者： Mariano martin Department of Chemical Engineering University of Salamanca Salamanca 37008 Spain

This work uses a mathematical optimization approach to analyze and compare facilities that either capturecarbon dioxide （CO2） artificially or use naturally captured COs in the form of lignocellulosic biomass towardthe production of the same product, dimethyl ether （DME）. In nature, plants capture COs via photosynthesisin order to grow. The design of the first process discussed here is based on a superstructure optimizationapproach in order to select technologies that transform lignocellulosic biomass into DME. Biomass is gas-ified; next, the raw syngas must be purified using reforming, scrubbing, and carbon capture technologiesbefore it can be used to directly produce DME. Alternatively, CO2 can be captured and used to produce DMEvia hydrogenation. hydrogen （h2） is produced by splitting water using solar energy. Facilities based on bothphotovoltaic （PV） solar or concentrated solar power （CSP） technologies have been designed; their monthlyoperation, which is based on solar availability, is determined using a multi-period approach. The currentlevel of technological development gives biomass an advantage as a carbon capture technology, since bothwater consumption and economic parameters are in its favor. however, due to the area required for growingbiomass and the total amount of water consumed （if plant growing is also accounted for）, the decision to use biomass is not a straightforward one.

关键词： Solar energy Photovoltaic Concentrated solar power Biomass Water electrolysis Dimethyl ether

Photoacoustic detection of circulating melanoma cells in late stage patients

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Innovative Optical health Sciences 2020年第6期3卷 47-54页

作者： John A.Viator Marc hazur Andrea Sajewski Ahmad Tarhini martin E.Sanders Robert h.Edgar Department of Engineering Duquesne University 600 Forbes Avenue PittsburghPennsylvania 15282USA Department of Bioengineering University of Pittsburgh 3700 O'Hara Street PittsburghPA 15260USA Moffitt Comprehensive Cancer Center and Research Institute 10920 McKinley Drive TampaFlorida 33612USA Acousys Biodevices Inc 1777 Highland Drive Ann ArborMichigan 48108USA

Melanoma is the deadliest skin cancer and is responsible for over 7000 deaths in the US *** spread of cancer,or metastasis,is responsible for these deaths,as secondary tumors interrupt normal organ *** tumor cells,or those cells that spread throughout the body from the primary tumor,are thought to be responsible for *** developed an optical method,photoacoustic flow cytometry,in order to detect and enumerate circulating melanoma cells(CMCs)from blood samples of *** tested the blood of StageⅣmelanoma patients to show the ability of the photoacoustic flow cytometer to detect these rare cells in *** then tested the system on archived blood samples from StageⅢmelanoma patients with known outcomes to determine if detection of CMCs can predict future *** detected between 0 and 66 CMCs in StageⅣ*** the StageⅢstudy,we found that of those samples with CMCs,two remained disease free and five developed *** those without CMCs,six remained disease free and one developed *** believe that photoacoustic detection of CMCs provides valuable information for the prediction of metastasis and we postulate a system for more accurate prognosis.

关键词： Diagnosis metastasis optoacoustics

Interleukin-6 secretion is limited by self-signaling in endosomes

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Molecular Cell Biology 2019年第2期11卷 144-157页

作者： Danielle R.J.Verboogen Natalia h.Revelo martin ter Beest Geert van den Bogaart Departme nt of Tumor Immuno logy Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences Radboud University Medical Center 6525 GA Nijmegen The Netherlands Department of Molecular Immunology Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute University of Groningen Nijenborgh 7 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands

Cells producing cytokines often express the receptor for the same cytokine, which makes them prone to autocrine signaling. how cytokine release and signaling are regulated in the same cell is not understood? In this study, we demonstrate that signaling by exogenous and self-synthesized inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) within endosomal compartments acts as a cellular brake that limits the synthesis of IL-6. Our data show that IL-6 is internalized by dendritic cells and signals from endosomal compartments containing the IL-6 receptor. Newly synthesized IL-6 also traffics via these endosomal compartments and signals in transit to the plasma membrane. This allows activation of STAT3 which in turn limits toll-like receptor 4 stimulant lipopolysaccharide (LPS) triggered transcription of IL-6. Long-term exposure to LPS removes this brake via inhibition of STAT3 by increased expression of suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 and results in fully fledged IL-6 production. This transient regulation could prevent excessive IL-6 production during early infections.

关键词： membrane trafficking cytokine release exocytosis interleukin-6 endosomal signaling

Weave geometry generation avoiding interferences for mesoscale RVEs

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2019年第12期35卷 2869-2882页

作者： Daniel höwer Shengkai Yu Trenton M.Ricks Brett A.Bednarcyk Evan J.Pineda Bertram Stier Stefanie Reese Jaan-Willem simon Institute of Applied Mechanics RWTH Aachen University52074 AachenGermany NASA Glenn Research Center ClevelandOH 44135USA Collier Research and Development Corporation Newport NewsVA 23606USA

An algorithm which allows the generation of representative volume elements(RVEs) for complex woven and warp-interlaced fiber-reinforced composite topologies while avoiding unphysical tow intersections is presented. This is achieved by extending an existing RVE generation strategy in two significant ways:(1) the local cross section shape of the tow is adjusted depending on the local tow curvature in a way that preserves the cross sectional area of the tow, and(2) the elementary crimp interval is separated into a planar and a transition region. The modifications facilitate the generation of a wide range of elaborate textile topologies without tow intersections, which are present without the proposed modifications unless complex tow to tow contact models are introduced. The mechanical properties of plain weaves were predicted based on the topology generated with the proposed algorithm as well as based on RVEs which were constructed based on actual micrographs, i.e. a "digital twin" of the actual microstructure. A comparison of the predicted mechanical properties based on finite element and Multiscale Generalized Method of Cells techniques shows close agreement. however, some differences exist with respect to experimentally determined material parameters due to the finite dimensions of the specimens. Lastly,mechanical properties of multilayered weaves are predicted with the finite element method. The considered material systems are carbon fiber in epoxy matrix as well as C/C-SiC. however, the procedure is applicable to a wide range of material systems.

关键词： RVE generation Multiscale analysis Composites

Trading in your spindles for blebs： the amoeboid tumor cell phenotype in prostate cancer

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Asian Journal of Andrology 2014年第4期16卷 530-535页

作者： Samantha Morley martin h hager Sara G Poilan Beatrice Knudsen Dolores Di Vizio Michael R Freeman Division of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics Departments of Surgery Medicine and Biomedical Sciences and The Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute Cedars-Sinai Medical Center Los Angeles CA Urological Diseases Research Center Boston Children's Hospital Boston MA Department of Surgery Harvard Medical School Boston MA Department of Medicine David Geffen School of Medicine University of California Los Angeles CA USA.

Prostate cancer （PCa） remains a principal cause ofmortalityin developed *** no clinical interventions overcome resistance to androgen ablation therapy, management of castration resistance and metastatic disease remains largely untreatable. Metastasis is a multistep process in which tumor cells lose cell-cell contacts, egress from the primary tumor, intravasate, survive shear stress within the vasculature and extravasate into tissues to colonize ectopic sites. Tumor ceils reestablish migratory behaviors employed during nonneoplastic processes such as embryonic development, leukocyte trafficking and wound healing. While mesenchymal motility is an established paradigm of dissemination, an alternate, ＇amoeboid＇ phenotype is increasingly appreciated as relevant to human cancer.

关键词： SIGNALING COOPERATE RhO GTPASES INVASION MOTILITY MIGRATION TRANSITION PLASTICITY ROCK METASTASIS ACTIVATION

An algorithm for family screening for coeliac disease

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第48期12卷 7805-7809页

作者： Jocelyn S Fraser Alistair L King h Julia Ellis simon J Moodie Ingvar Bjarnason Jill Swift Paul J Ciclitira Division of Nutritional Sciences King's College London United Kingdom Division of Nutritional Sciences King’s College London United Kingdom

AIM: To assess the level of undiagnosed coeliac disease (CD) in relatives of patients affected by the condition. METhODS: We collected blood from 914 relatives of probands. We screened these individuals by ELISA for IgA and IgG tTG antibodies, confirming any positive IgA tTG results with an IgA EMA and looked for evidence of IgA deficiency in those who were IgG tTG positive alone, and performed IgG1 EMA in these individuals. We undertook hLA typing where positive screening was found, and this confirmed a strong prevalence of hLA- DQ2 in the coeliac population. Follow-up small intestinal biopsy was undertaken in cases with positive serological screening, wherever possible. RESULTS:Use of this serological screening algorithm revealed a prevalence of undiagnosed CD in 5%-6% of first degree relatives of probands. CONCLUSION:Our data suggests that first degree relatives of individuals with CD should be screened for this condition.

关键词： Coeliac disease Screening Endomysialantibody Familial study IgA deficiency Prevalence Tissue transglutaminase

The ph of the Apoplast： Dynamic Factor with =unctional Impact Under Stress

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Molecular Plant 2017年第11期10卷 1371-1386页

作者： Christoph.martin Geilfus Division of Controlled Environment horticulture Faculty of Life Sciences Albrecht Daniel Thaer-Institute of Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences Humboldt-University of Berlin Albrecht-Thaer-Weg 1 14195 Berlin Germany

The apoplast is an interconnected compartment with a thin water-film that alkalinizes under stress. This systemic ph increase may be a secondary effect without functional implications, arising from ion movements or proton-pump regulations. On the other hand, there are increasing indications that it is part of a mechanism to withstand stress. Regardless of this controversy, alkalinization of the apoplast has received little attention. The apoplastic ph （Phapo） increases not only during plant-pathogen interactions but also in response to salinity or drought. Not much is known about the mechanisms that cause the leaf apoplast to alkalinize, nor whether, and if so, how functional impact is conveyed. Controversial explanations have been given, and the unusual complexity of phapo regulation is considered as the primary reason behind this lack of knowledge. A gathering of scattered information revealed that changes in Phapo convey functionality by regulating stomatal aperture via the effects exerted on abscisic acid. Moreover, apoplastic alkalinization may regulate growth under stress, whereas this needs to be verified. In this review, a comprehensive survey about several physiological mechanisms that alkalize the apoplast under stress is given, and the suitability of apoplastic alkalinization as transducing element for the transmission of sensory information is discussed.

关键词： apoplastic fluid alkalinization abscisic acid PM-h^+-ATPase S-Type anion channel malate

Sainfoin(Onobrychis viciifolia)silage in dairy cow rations reduces ruminal biohydrogenation and increases transfer efficiencies of unsaturated fatty acids from feed to milk

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Animal Nutrition 2020年第3期6卷 333-341页

作者： Nguyen Thi huyen martin W.A.Verstegen Wouter h.hendriks Wilbert F.Pellikaan Animal Nutrition Group Wageningen UniversityPO Box 338Wageningen6700 AHthe Netherlands Department of Farm Animal health Utrecht UniversityPO Box 80.163Utrecht3508 TDthe Netherlands

The effects of replacing grass silage by sainfoin silage in a total mixed ration(TMR)based diet on fatty acid(FA)reticular inflow and milk FA profile of dairy cows was *** experiment followed a crossover design with 2 dietary *** control diet consisted of grass silage,corn silage,concentrate and *** the sainfoin diet,half of the grass silage was replaced by a sainfoin *** rumen cannulated lactating multiparous dairy cows with a metabolic body weight of 132.5±3.6 kg BW^0.75,214±72 d in milk and an average milk production of 23.1±2.8 kg/d were used in the *** were paired based on parity and milk *** pairs,cows were randomly assigned to either the control diet or the sainfoin diet for 2 experimental periods(29 d per period).In each period,the first 21 d,cows were housed individually in tie-stalls for adaptation,then next 4 d cows were housed individually in climate-controlled respiration chambers to measure *** the last 4 d,cows were housed individually in tie stalls to measure milk FA profile and determine FA reticular inflow using the reticular sampling technique with Cr-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium salt dihydrate(EDTA)and Yb-acetate used as digesta flow *** the dietary C18:3n-3 intake was lower(P=0.025)in the sainfoin diet group,the mono-unsaturated FA reticular inflow was greater(P=0.042)in cows fed the sainfoin *** reticular inflow of trans-9,trans-12-C18:2 and cis-12,trans-10 C18:2 was greater(P≤0.024)in the sainfoin diet *** cows fed sainfoin diet had a lower(P≤0.038)apparent ruminal biohydrogenation of cis-9-C18:1 and C18:3n-3,compared to the cows fed the control *** sainfoin diet group had greater(P≤0.018)C18:3n-3 and cis-9,cis-12-C18:2 proportions in the milk FA profile compared to the control diet *** efficiencies from feed to milk of C18:2,C18:3n-3 and unsaturated FA were greater(P≤0.0179)for the sainfoin *** on the results,it co

关键词： Sainfoin silage Reticular inflow Milk fatty acid profile Dairy cow

Evaluating organic acids as alternative leaching reagents for rare earth elements recovery from NdFeB magnets

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Rare Earths 2023年第4期41卷 621-631页

作者： Sahar Belfqueh Alain Seron simon Chapron Guilhem Arrachart Nourredine Menad BRGM Direction de l'Eaude l'Environnementdes Procédés et AnalysesOrleansFrance ICSM Univ.MontpellierCEACNRSENSCMMarcouleFrance

This study proposes an advanced leaching method using organic acids to recover rare earth elements(REEs)from NdFeB permanent magnets from end-of-life computers hard disk drives(hDDs).The end-oflife hDDs were first dismantled in order to recover NdFeB magnets,which were then thermally demagnetized at 350℃during 30 min before crushing in a ball mill under inert *** electron microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(SEM/EDS)analyses performed on the NdFeB magnets show the heterogeneous structure containing the major matric phase Nd_(2)Fe_(14)B and the REEsrich phase containing Nd and Pr ***,X-ray diffraction(XRD)and Mossbauer spectroscopy(MS)analyses on the ground NdFeB magnet show that grinding NdFeB magnets under inert atmosphere helps to minimize its *** analysis shows that the composition of the ground sample is Nd:22.8 wt%,Pr:3.3 wt%,Dy:1.2 wt%,Fe:62.6 wt%,Co:1.5 wt%,B:0.9 wt%,Ni:0.6 wt%.Diagrams of speciation and equilibrium phases(E_(h) ***)were calculated to determine the predominance of the formed species in the REEs-organic acids *** influence of the organic acid type(acetic acid,formic acid,citric acid and tartaric acid),the acid concentration(10 vol%,up to saturation),and the solid/liquid(S/L)ratio(0.5%-10%)on NdFeB magnets leaching was investigated employing an optimal experimental design conceived by the statistical software *** acid(Ch_(3)COOh)shows the highest leaching performance of REEs,allowing leaching yields over 90%for Nd,Dy and Pr in the acid concentration range of 1.6-10 mol/L and the S/L ratio range of 0.5%-5%at a temperature of 60℃.The results presented in this investigation suggest that REEs can be recovered from magnets of end-of-life hDDs using an eco-friendly method assisted by organic acids.

关键词： NdFeB magnets Rare earth elements Leaching Organic acids Acetic acid