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Three-dimensional analysis of the gap space under forearm casts

Chinese Journal of Traumatology 2022年第2期25卷 77-82页

作者： Roman Wirtz silvia pianigiani Bernardo Innocenti Frédéric Schuind Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology UniversitéLibre de BruxellesCampus Hospitalo-Facultaire Erasme1070BruxellesBelgium BEAMS Department UniversitéLibre de BruxellesÉcole Polytechnique de Bruxelles1050BruxellesBelgium

Purpose:Secondary displacement represents a frequent complication of conservative treatment of fractures,particularly of the distal *** gap space between skin and cast may lead to a certain degree movements and this increased mobility might favor *** aim of this study was to develop a new 3D method,to measure the gap space in all 3 geometrical planes,and to validate this new technique in a clinical setting of distal radius ***:This study applies 3D imaging to measure the space between plaster and skin as a potential factor of secondary displacement and therefore the failure of conservative *** developed and validated a new methodology to analyze and compare different forearm casts made of plaster of Paris and *** unpaired t-test was performed to document differences between the investigated parameters between plaster of Paris and fiberglass *** significance level was set at p<***:In a series of 15 cases,we found the width of the gap space to average 4 mm,being slightly inferior on the radial *** the two different casting materials,plaster of Paris and fiberglass,we found a significantly larger variance of space under casts made of the first material(p=0.39).A roughness analysis showed also a markedly significantly higher irregularity of the undersurface of plaster of Paris as compared with ***:This study allows for a better understanding of the nature of the"gap space"between cast and skin and will contribute to develop and improve new immobilization techniques and materials.

关键词： Forearm Wrist casts Radius fractures Conservative treatment Gap space

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Mechanical Characterization of the Soft Tissues of a Native Human Knee： A Pilot Study

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Journal of Sports Science 2014年第4期2卷 173-180页

作者： silvia pianigiani Stephane Godet Loic Malet Luc Labey De Corte Ronny Walter Pascale Bernardo Innocenti IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi Milano Italy 4MAT Universite Libre de Bruxelles Bruxelles Belgium KU Leuven Biomeehanics Section Leuven Belgium Smith&Nephew Zaventem Belgium BEAMS Department Universite Libre de Bruxelles Bruxelles Belgium

The importance of ligaments in providing joint stability and the incidence of injuries, dictates a need to increase their structural and mechanical properties understanding. Additionally, one of the challenges in the orthopedic industry is to design TKA （total knee arthroplasty） aiming to be soft-tissues friendly. This requires a priori knowledge of physiological knee function, in which the passive stability is achieved and guaranteed by the complex envelope of soft tissues around the joint. Therefore, the knowledge of the mechanical behavior of knee ligaments is fundamental. For this reason, our study aims to define and apply in a pilot study, an ad-hoc methodology to mechanically characterize ligaments of native human knees. The cruciate and collateral ligaments from a fresh frozen cadaver leg were accurately harvested. Each ligament was independently tested during a tensile test at different strain rates, simulating different deformation speeds during gait. Moreover, additional tensile tests until failure were also performed. Axial force and deformation were continuously recorded during each test. Results show that each ligament exhibited own typical non-linear, speed-related behavior. High repeatability in the results is observed among the different repeated tests confirming the robustness of the used methodology. This information will be helpful for clinicians, engineers and researchers to improve the biomechanical knowledge about knee, to develop better implants and to be able to improve the currently available numerical models of the human knee.

关键词： Collateral ligaments cruciate ligaments human knee tissue mechanical characterization force-displacement curve.

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The complex role of protocadherin-19 in brain function:a focus on the oxytocin system

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3211-3212页

作者： Sara Mazzoleni Marta Busnelli silvia Bassani CNR Institute of Neuroscience Vedano al LambroItaly NeuroMi Milan Center for Neuroscience MilanItaly

Mutations in the protocadherin-19(PCDH19)gene(Xq22.1)cause the X-linked syndrome known as developmental and epileptic encephalopathy 9(DEE9,OMIM#300088)(Dibbens et al.,2008).DEE9 is characterized by early-onset clustering epilepsy associated with intellectual disability ranging from mild to profound,autism spectrum disorder,and other neuropsychiatric features including schizophrenia,anxiety,attentiondeficit/hyperactivity,and obsessive or aggressive *** seizures may become less frequent in adolescence,psychiatric comorbidities persist and often worsen with age(Dibbens et al.,2008;Kolc et al.,2020).

关键词： epilepsy function system

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Pancreatic cancer:Future challenges and new perspectives for an early diagnosis

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2025年第2期16卷 1-8页

作者： silvia Cocca Giuseppina Pontillo Marinella Lupo Raffaele Lieto Margherita Marocchi Maria Marsico Emanuela Dell'Aquila Santi Mangiafico Giuseppe Grande Rita Conigliaro Helga Bertani Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Policlinico di ModenaModena 41121Italy Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit Presidio Ospedaliero San Giuseppe Moscati(AversaCE)–ASL CasertaCaserta 81100Italy Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery University of Naples Federico IINaples 80131CampaniaItaly Department of Medical Oncology 1 IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer InstituteRome 0144Italy Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Policlinico“G Rodolico–San Marco”Catania 95123SiciliaItaly

This editorial is a commentary on the case report by Furuya et al focusing on the challenging diagnosis of early pancreatic adenocarcinoma and new tools for an earlier ***,pancreatic cancer still has a poor prognosis,mainly due to late diagnosis in an advanced *** main precancerous routes have been identified as pathways to pancreatic adenocarcinoma:The first encompasses a large group of mucinous cystic lesions:intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm and mucinous cystic neoplasm,and the second is pancreatic intraepithelial *** the last decade the focus of research has been to identify high-risk patients,using advanced imaging techniques(magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography or endoscopic ultrasonography)which could be helpful in finding“indirect signs”of early stage pancreatic ***,the survival rate still remains poor,and alternative screening methods are under *** retrograde cholangiopancreatography followed by serial pancreatic juice aspiration cytology could be a promising tool for identifying precursor lesions such as intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm,but confirming data are still needed to validate its *** a combination of cross-sectional imaging,endoscopic techniques(old and new ones)and genetic and biological biomarkers also in pancreatic juice)could be the best solution to reach an early *** could help to predict and follow the progression of early pancreatic ***,further studies are needed to validate their diagnostic reliability and to establish diagnostic algorithms to improve prognosis and survival in patients with pancreatic cancer.

关键词： Pancreatic cancer Endoscopic ultrasonography Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography Serial pancreatic-juice aspiration cytologic examination

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How Plants Cope with Cadmium: Staking All on Metabolism and Gene Expression

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2008年第10期50卷 1268-1280页

作者： Giovanni DalCorso silvia Farinati silvia Maistri Antonella Furini Dipartimento Scientifico e Tecnologico Universita` degli Studi di Verona Strada Le Grazie 15 37134 Verona Italy

Environmental pollution is one of the major problems for human health. Toxic heavy metals are normally present as soil constituents or can also be spread out in the environment by human activity and agricultural techniques. Soil contamination by heavy metals as cadmium, highlights two main aspects： on one side they interfere with the life cycle of plants and therefore reduce crop yields, and on the other hand, once adsorbed and accumulated into the plant tissues, they enter the food chain poisoning animals and humans. Considering this point of view, understanding the mechanism by which plants handle heavy metal exposure, in particular cadmium stress, is a primary goal of plant-biotechnology research or plant breeders whose aim is to create plants that are able to recover high amounts of heavy metals, which can be used for phytoremediation, or identify crop varieties that do not accumulate toxic metal in grains or fruits. In this review we focus on the main symptoms of cadmium toxicity both on root apparatus and shoots. We elucidate the mechanisms that plants activate to prevent absorption or to detoxify toxic metal ions, such as synthesis of phytochelatins, metallothioneins and enzymes involved in stress response. Finally we consider new plant-biotechnology applications that can be applied for phytoremediation.

关键词： cadmium heavy metals metallothioneins phytochelatins phytoremediation transporters.

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Decoding Phthorimaea operculella(Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) in the new age of change

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2020年第2期19卷 316-324页

作者： silvia I.RONDON Hermiston Agricultural Research and Extension Center Crop and Soil ScienceOregon State University

Arthropods and pathogens constantly challenge potato Solanum tuberosum *** of climate variation have increased the possibility of changes in pests’biological and ecological patterns by increasing or reducing overwintering length,changes in population growth rates,number of generations,crop-pest relationship,and therefore affecting their *** operculella Zeller(Lepidoptera:Gelechiidae)is one of the main pests affecting potatoes *** oviposit single or multiple eggs in leaves,stems,and tubers,while the larvae in immature stage mine leaves or burrows into tubers turning them *** control methods are effective in controlling ***,but many factors determine the success of the control *** review provides key highlights of current information available that could be used as a resource to fight this pest.

关键词： climate insects moth potato pest management Solanaceae pest control IPM tubermoth potato tuber moth

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Genotoxicity biomarkers in aquatic bioindicators

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Current Zoology 2014年第2期60卷 273-284页

作者： Claudia BOLOGNESI silvia CIRILLO Environmental Carcinogenesis Unit IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria San Martino- IST Istituto Nazionale Ricerca sulCancro L.go Rosanna Benzi 10 Genova Italy

Pollution of the aquatic environment is an ever-growing problem, as waters are the ultimate sink for the large number of xenobiotics from multiple sources. DNA damaging agents have a significant ecological relevance since they are implicated in many pathological processes and exert effects beyond that of individual being active through following generations. A large number of methods have been applied to evaluate genotoxic damage in different aquatic species. Comet assay, as method for de- tecting DNA alterations, and micronucleus test, as an index of chromosomal damage are the most widely applied and validated methods in field studies. These methods were applied in different vertebrate and invertebrate aquatic species, but only mollusk and fish species have been employed in routine biomonitoring programs. Mussels, due to their widely geographical distribution and the suitability for caging represent the bioindicator of choice in field studies. Mytilus species is the most used marine mussel. The use of fish is limited to specific geographic areas. The present review mainly focuses on the application of comet assay and micronucleus test in mussels. A number of biomonitoring studies in mussels, using comet assay or micronucleus test, revealed exposure to different classes of genotoxic compounds with a good discrimination power. The different evidence from the two as- says, reflects different biological mechanisms for the two genetic endpoints, DNA damage and chromosomal damage, suggesting their combined application in the field. Different endogenous and exogenous factors have been shown to modulate the genotoxic responses in mussels, acting as confounding factors in environmental monitoring. The use of standardized protocol for caging, sampling and genotoxity evaluation is critical in biomonitoring studies. The use of a multimarker approach coupling genotoxicity biomarkers with physiological and biochemical factors allows to have a complete picture of the environmenta

关键词： Aquatic animals Genotoxicity Bioindicator Biomarker Micronucleus test Comet assay Bivalve Mussel

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PCDH19 interplay with GABA(A)receptors:a window to DEE9 pathogenetic mechanisms

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第4期17卷 803-805页

作者： Sara Mazzoleni silvia Bassani Institute of Neuroscience CNRMilanItaly Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine University of MilanSegrate(MI)Italy NeuroMI Milan Center for Neuroscience University of Milano-BicoccaMilanItaly

Developmental and epileptic encephalopathy 9(DEE9):The gene PCDH19(Xq22.1),which encodes the calcium-dependent cell adhesion protein protocadherin-19(PCDH19),is nowadays considered as one of the most important genes in monogenic epilepsy(Depienne and LeGuern,2012).Mutations in PCDH19 are responsible for DEE9(OMIM#300088),a severe neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by early-onset clustering epilepsy,various degrees of cognitive impairment and neuro psychiatric comorbidities,like autism spectrum disorder(ASD)and behavioural ***9 patients start suffering from seizures around the age of 10 months until adolescence,when seizures tend to reduce or even disappear,while the psychiatric symptoms persist(Depienne and LeGuern,2012;Kolc et al.,2018).

关键词： H19 PCD epilepsy

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Sperm priming response to perceived mating opportunities is reduced in male guppies with high baseline sperm production

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Current Zoology 2018年第2期64卷 205-211页

作者： silvia CATTELAN Andrea PILASTRO Department of Biology University of Padova Padova 35131 Italy

Producing sperm is costly and males have been selected to strategically adjust their sperm produc- tion and/or expenditure according to the fitness return associated with a specific mating. For exam- ple, males respond to fluctuations in the mating opportunities by adjusting the number of ＂ready＂ sperm. This phenomenon is known as ＂sperm priming＂ and is interpreted as a strategy to econo- mize the investment in sperm. The cost and benefits of the sperm priming response, however, are expected to depend on a male＇s baseline sperm production （BSP） in the absence of females, because of the different risk of sperm depletion and the nonlinearly increasing costs of sperm pro- duction. We tested this prediction in 2 replicated lines of male guppies Poecilia reticulata that were artificially selected for high and low BSP. BSP has a large genetic variance and a high sire heritabil- ity in guppies, and males respond to the perceived mating opportunities by increasing the number of ＂ready＂ sperm. We investigated whether males with a different BSP differed in their sperm pri- ming response. We found that when the perceived mating opportunities increased, males from low-sperm lines had a stronger sperm priming response than those from high-sperm lines. This result suggests that adaptive plasticity in sperm priming has the potential to evolve in response to different levels of BSP. The comparison between guppy populations with different levels of sperm production would allow to test whether the pattern reported here is also observed at the interpopulation level.

关键词： artificial selection mate availability Poecilia reticulata sperm investment sperm priming sperm production.

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Potential therapeutic effects of polyphenols in Parkinson's disease:in vivo and in vitro pre-clinical studies

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第2期16卷 234-241页

作者： Claudio Giuliano silvia Cerri Fabio Blandini Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology IRCCS Mondino FoundationPaviaItaly

Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a combination of severe motor and non-motor *** the years,several factors have been discovered to play a role in the pathogenesis of this disease,in particular,neuroinflammation and oxidative *** date,the pharmacological treatments used in Parkinson's disease are exclusively *** this reason,in recent years,the research has been directed towards the discovery and study of new natural molecules to develop potential neuroprotective therapies against Parkinson's *** this context,natural polyphenols have raised much attention for their important anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties,but also for their ability to modulate protein *** this review,we propose to summarize the relevant in vivo and in vitro studies concerning the potential therapeutic role of natural polyphenols in Parkinson's disease.

关键词： alpha-synuclein anti-inflammatory antioxidants natural molecules neuroprotection Parkinson's disease polyphenols syntomatic effect

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