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Liver tissue microbiota in nonalcoholic liver disease:a change in the paradigm of host-bacterial interactions

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2021年第3期10卷 337-349页

作者： silvia Sookoian Carlos J.Pirola School of Medicine Institute of Medical Research A LanariUniversity of Buenos AiresCiudad Autónoma de Buenos AiresArgentina Department of Clinical and Molecular Hepatology Institute of Medical Research(IDIM)National Scientific and Technical Research Council(CONICET)University of Buenos AiresCiudad Autónoma de Buenos AiresArgentina Department of Molecular Genetics and Biology of Complex Diseases Institute of Medical Research(IDIM)National Scientific and Technical Research Council(CONICET)University of Buenos AiresCiudad Autónoma de Buenos AiresArgentina

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)pathogenesis is explained by the complex relationship among diet and lifestyle-predisposing factors,the genetic variance of the nuclear and mitochondrial genome,associated phenotypic traits,and the yet not fully explored interactions with epigenetic and other environmental factors,including the *** the wealth of knowledge gained from molecular and genome-wide investigations in patients with NAFLD,the precise mechanisms that explain the variability of the histological phenotypes are not fully *** studies of the gut microbiota in patients with NAFLD and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH)provided clues on the role of the fecal microbiome in the disease ***,the composition of the gut microbiota does not fully explain tissue-specific mechanisms associated with the degree of disease severity,including liver inflammation,ballooning of hepatocytes,and *** liver acts as a key filtration system of the whole body by receiving blood from the hepatic artery and the portal ***,not only microbes would become entrapped in the complex liver anatomy but,more importantly,bacterial derived products that are likely to be potentially powerful stimuli for initiating the inflammatory ***,the study of liver tissue microbiota offers the opportunity of changing the paradigm of host-NAFLD-microbial interactions from a“gut-centric”to a“liver-centric”***,we highlight the evidence on the role of liver tissue bacterial DNA in the biology of NAFLD and ***,we provide evidence of metagenomic findings that can serve as the seed of further hypothesis-raising studies as well as can be leveraged to discover novel therapeutic targets.

关键词： Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH) HSD17B13 microbiota microbiome proteobacteria lipopolysaccharide(LPS) drug prediction

Ketamine effect on intracellular and mitochondrial calcium mobilization

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BIOCELL 2016年第1期40卷 11-14页

作者： JUANITA BUSTAMANTE ANALIA CZERNICZYNIEC silvia LORES-ARNAIZ Centro de Altos Estudios en Ciencias Humanas y de la Salud(CAECIHS) Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad Abierta InteramericanaBuenos AiresArgentina Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular Facultad de Farmacia y BioquímicaUniversidad de Buenos AiresArgentina

The suppressive effects of ketamine on intracellular calcium has been reported in a variety of cells although the mechanisms involved are not well *** aim of this work was to evaluate the ketamine effect on the mitochondrial Ca^(2+)accumulation and the cellular Ca^(2+)mobilization using FLUO4-AM and flow *** results showed that mitochondria from ketamine injected animals presented a lower ability to retain calcium at concentrations higher than 20μM,as compared with controls(saline injected animals).In ad-dition,ketamine showed a significant decreased KCl-induced intracellular calcium *** increased calcium influx through cellular *** to the data presented herein,ketamine presents a clear inhibitory effect on cytosolic Ca2+transport mechanisms,independently from their action on the calcium channel associated NMDA receptor.

关键词： calcium transport hippocampal mitochondria Vero cell culture

Health Democracy and Storytelling:A Synthesis of Knowledge

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Psycho-Oncologie 2024年第1期18卷 33-41页

作者： Rossi silvia Sandrine de Montgolfier Joëlle Kivits Aix Marseille Univ INSERMIRDSESSTIMChaire démocratie en santéet engagement des personnes concernées par le cancerMarseille13009France University of Lorraine UR4360 APEMACVandoeuvre-lès-Nancy54500France UniversitéParis-Est Créteil Val de Marne UniversitéParis 12Créteil94000France UniversitéParis Cité ECEVEUMR 1123InsermParis75010France

Aims:Health democracy requires tools and methodologies to involve non-scientific actors in the development and implementation of health *** could be one of the tools to make health democracy *** aim is to describe how storytelling is used in relation to health democracy,the aims of its use,the methodology adopted and the results ***:We conducted a narrative review of the *** search equation was composed by the keyword“narration”and its variations“récit de vie”,“histoire de vie”and“medécine narrative”and by the keyword“démocratie en santé”/“démocratie sanitaire”.Results:We obtained 135 results and included six articles,published between 2015 and *** interest of storytelling in a health democracy approach concerns six main themes:a)the plurality of experiences;b)empowerment;c)the recognition of different types of knowledge;d)the involvement of all care actors in care;storytelling as a lever for change;e)in the care pathway;f)in health ***:The limited number of articles included in this literature review raises questions about the diffusion of the concept of health democracy associated with that of *** can contribute to the dissemination and effectiveness of health democracy:it is a complementary tool to quantitative tools for understanding the experiences of users of the health care system,and its use is particularly relevant to chronic diseases such as cancer.

关键词： Health democracy storytelling narratives narrative medicine

Quality of life in patients with minimal hepatic encephalopathy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第48期24卷 5446-5453页

作者： Lorenzo Ridola silvia Nardelli Stefania Gioia Oliviero Riggio Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies Sapienza University of Rome Department of Clinical Medicine Sapienza University of Rome

Minimal hepatic encephalopathy(MHE) represents the mildest type of hepatic encephalopathy(HE). This condition alters the performance of psychometric tests by impairing attention, working memory, psychomotor speed, and visuospatial ability, as well as electrophysiological and other functional brain measures. MHE is a frequent complication of liver disease, affecting up to 80% of tested patients, depending of the diagnostic tools used for the diagnosis. MHE is related to falls, to an impairment in fitness to drive and the development of overt HE, MHE severely affects the lives of patients and caregivers by altering their quality of life(QoL) and their socioeconomic status. MHE is detected in clinically asymptomatic patients through appropriate psychometric tests and neurophysiological methods which highlight neuropsychological alterations such as video-spatial orientation deficits, attention disorders, memory, reaction times, electroencephalogram slowing, prolongation of latency evoked cognitive potentials and reduction in the critical flicker frequency. Several treatments have been proposed for MHE treatment such as non-absorbable disaccharides, poorly absorbable antibiotics such rifaximin, probiotics and branched chain amino acids. However, because of the multiple diagnosis methods, the various endpoints of treatment trials and the variety of agents used in trials, to date the treatment of MHE is not routinely recommended apart from on a case-by-case basis. Aim of this review is analyze the burden of MHE on QoL of patients and provide a brief summary of therapeutic approaches.

关键词： Cirrhosis Minimal hepatic encephalopathy Covert hepatic encephalopathy Health related quality of life

Hollow micro- and nano-particles by gas foaming

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Nano Research 2014年第7期7卷 1018-1026页

作者： silvia Orsi Ernesto Di Maio Salvatore lannace Paolo A. Netti Center for Advanced Biomaterials for Health Care Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT@CRIB) Largo Barsanti e Matteucci 50 Napoli 80125 Italy Dipartimento di Ingegneria Chimica dei Materiali e della Produzione Industfiale and Interdisciplinary Research Centre on Biomaterials (CRIB) Universita degli Studi di Napoli Federico II P.le Tecchio 80 Napoli 80125 Italy Institute for Polymers Composites and Biomaterials Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche P.le E. Fermi 1 Portici (Na) 80055 Italy

This paper presents the results of a first successful attempt to produce hollow micro- and nano-particles of a large variety of materials, dimensions, shapes and hollow attributes by using an environmentally friendly and cheap technology, common in polymer processing and known as gas foaming. The central role played by ad hoc polymeric hollow micro- and nano-particles in a variety of emerging applications such as drug delivery, medical imaging, advanced materials, as well as in fundamental studies in nanotechnology highlights the wide relevance of the proposed method. Our key contribution to overcome the physical lower bound in the micro- and nano-scale gas foaming was to embed, prior to foaming, bulk micro- and nano-particles in a removable and deformable barrier film, whose role is to prevent the loss of the blowing agent, which is otherwise too fast to allow bubble formation. Furthermore, the barrier film allows for non-isotropic deformation of the particle and/or of the hollow, affording non-spherical hollow particles. In comparison with available methods to produce hollow micro- and nano-particles, our method is versatile since it offers independent control over the dimensions, material and shape of the particles, and the number, shape and open/closed features of the hollows. We have gas- foamed polystyrene and poly-（lactic-co-glycolic） acid particles 200 ~m to 200 nm in size, spherical, ellipsoidal and discoidal in shape, obtaining open or closed, single or multiple, variable in size hollows.

关键词： hollow nanoparticles microparticles gas foaming

Lattice Boltzmann Methods for Multiphase Flow Simulations across Scales

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Communications in Computational Physics 2011年第2期9卷 269-296页

作者： Giacomo Falcucci Stefano Ubertini Chiara Biscarini silvia Di Francesco Daniele Chiappini silvia Palpacelli Alessandro De Maio Sauro Succi Department of Technologies University of Naples“Parthenope”Centro Direzionale-Isola C480143 NaplesItaly Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Rome“Tor Vergata”Viale PolitecnicoRomeItaly H2CU Honors Center of Italian Universities-University of Rome“La Sapienza”RomeItaly Istituto Applicazioni Calcolo CNRVia dei Taurini 900185 RomeItaly Water Resources Research and Documentation Centre University for ForeignersVilla La ColombellaPerugiaItaly Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of PerugiaVia G.Duranti 93PerugiaItaly Nu.M.I.D.I.A.srl Via Berna 3100184 RomaItaly

The simulation of multiphase flows is an outstanding challenge,due to the inherent complexity of the underlying physical phenomena and to the fact that multiphase flows are very diverse in nature,and so are the laws governing their *** the last two decades,a new class of mesoscopic methods,based on minimal lattice formulation of Boltzmann kinetic equation,has gained significant interest as an efficient alternative to continuum methods based on the discretisation of the NS equations for non ideal *** this paper,three different multiphase models based on the lattice Boltzmann method(LBM)are discussed,in order to assess the capability of the method to deal with multiphase flows on a wide spectrum of operating conditions and multiphase *** particular,the range of application of each method is highlighted and its effectiveness is qualitatively assessed through comparison with numerical and experimental literature data.

关键词： Lattice Boltzmann multiphase flows

Alternative Splicing in the Anthocyanin Fruit Gene Encoding an R2R3 MYB Transcription Factor Affects Anthocyanin Biosynthesis in Tomato Fruits

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Plant Communications 2020年第1期1卷 201-212页

作者： Sara Colanero Andrea Tagliani Pierdomenico Perata silvia Gonzali PlantLab Institute of Life SciencesScuola Superiore Sant’AnnaPisaItaly

Tomato(Solanum lycopersicum)fruits are typically red at ripening,with high levels of carotenoids and a low content in *** work has been done to enrich the spectrum of their healthbeneficial phytochemicals,and interspecific crosses with wild species have successfully led to purple anthocyanin-colored *** Aft(Anthocyanin fruit)tomato accession inherited from Solanum chilense the ability to accumulate anthocyanins in fruit peel through the introgression of loci controlling anthocyanin pigmentation,including four R2R3 MYB transcription factor-encoding ***,we carried out a comparative functional analysis of these transcription factors in wild-type and Aft plants,and tested their ability to take part in the transcriptional complexes that regulate the biosynthetic pathway and their effi-ciency in inducing anthocyanin *** differences emerged for SlAN2like,both in the expression level and protein functionality,with splicing mutations determining a complete loss of function of the wild-type *** transcription factor thus appears to play a key role in the anthocyanin fruit *** data provide new clues to the long-awaited genetic basis of the Aft phenotype and contribute to understand why domesticated tomato fruits display a homogeneous red coloration without the typical purple streaks observed in wild tomato species.

关键词： Solanum lycopersicum tomato Aft anthocyanin R2R3 MYB transcription factors MBW complex

Evolution, divergence, and convergence in the mandibles of opossums (Didelphidae, Didelphimorphia)

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Current Zoology 2024年第4期70卷 488-504页

作者： Franciscodas Chagas Silva-Neto silvia E.Pavan Diego Astua Laboratorio de Mastozoologia Departamento de ZoologiaUniversidade Federal de Pernambuco.Av.Prof.Moraes Regos.n.Cidade Universitaria.50670-901RecifePEBrazil Department of Biological Sciences California State Polytechnic UniversityHumboldt1Harpst StreetArcataCA95521USA

Didelphid marsupials are considered a morphologically unspecialized group with a generalist diet that includes vertebrates,invertebrates,and plant *** cranium and scapula variation has alreadybeen examined within Didelphidae,variation inmandible shape,usually associated with diet or phylogeny in other mammalian groups,has not yet been properly assessed in the *** evaluated the variation in mandible shape and size of didelphids(2470 specimens belonging to 94 species)using 2D geometric *** classified the diet of the didel-phids into four broad categories to assess whether morphospace ordination relates to dietary *** also provided the most comprehensive phylogeny for the family(i23 out of the 126 living species)using 10 nuclear and mitochondrial *** then mapped mandible size and shape onto that phylogeny for 93 selected taxa and ancestral size and shapes were reconstructed by *** found phylogenetically structured variation in mandible morphology between didelphid groups,and our results indicate that they have a significant phylogenetic *** main axis of shape variation is poorly related to size,but the second is strongly allometric,indicating that allometry is not the main factor in shaping morphological diversity on their *** results indicate that the shape and size of the ancestral mandible of didelphids would be similar to that of the current species of the genus Marmosa.

关键词： mandible Didelphimorphia morphological evolution allometry phylogeny diet.

Scalable and controlled self-assembly of aluminum-based random plasmonic metasurfaces

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Light(Science & Applications) 2017年第1期6卷 692-699页

作者： Radwanul Hasan Siddique Jan Mertens Hendrik Hölscher silvia Vignolini Institute for Microstructure Technology Karlsruhe Institute of Technology(KIT)Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1Eggenstein-LeopoldshafenKarlsruhe 76344Germany Department of Chemistry University of CambridgeLensfield RoadCambridge CB21EWUK Department of Physics NanoPhotonics GroupKapitza BuildingCavendish LaboratoryUniversity of CambridgeCambridge CB30HEUK

Subwavelength metal-dielectric plasmonic metasurfaces enable light management beyond the diffraction ***,a costeffective and reliable fabrication method for such structures remains a major challenge hindering their full ***,we propose a simple yet powerful manufacturing route for plasmonic metasurfaces based on a bottom-up *** fabricated metasurfaces consist of a dense distribution of randomly oriented nanoscale scatterers composed of aluminum(Al)nanohole-disk pairs,which exhibit angle-independent scattering that is tunable across the entire visible *** macroscopic response of the metasurfaces is controlled via the properties of an isolated Al nanohole-disk pair at the *** addition,the optical field confinement at the scatterers and their random distribution of sizes result in a strongly enhanced Raman signal that enables broadly tunable excitation using a single *** unique combination of a reliable and lithography-free methodology with the use of aluminum permits the exploitation of the full potential of random plasmonic metasurfaces for diagnostics and coloration.

关键词： aluminum plasmonics plasmonic metasurfaces polymer blends self-assembly SERS structural color