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Corrosion Investigation by Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy of AISI 446 and Ti-Coated AISI 446 Ferritic Stainless Steel as Potential Material for Bipolar Plate in PEMWE

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English letters) 2024年第4期37卷 607-619页

作者： Andrea Kellenberger Nicolae Vaszilcsin Mircea laurentiu Dan Ion Mitelea Alexandru Adrian Geana sigrid lædre Corneliu M.Craciunescu Faculty of Industrial Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Politehnica University TimisoaraPiata Victoriei 2300006TimisoaraRomania Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Politehnica University TimisoaraPiata Victoriei 2300006TimisoaraRomania SINTEF Industry 7465TrondheimNorway

The components of proton exchange membrane water electrolysers frequently experience corrosion issues, especially at high anodic polarization, that restrict the use of more affordable alternatives to titanium. Here, we investigate localized corrosion processes of bare and Ti-coated AISI 446 ferritic stainless steel under anodic polarization by scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) in sodium sulphate and potassium chloride solutions. SECM approach curves and area scans measured at open-circuit potential (OCP) of the samples in the feedback mode using a redox mediator evidence a negative feedback effect caused by the surface passive film. For the anodic polarization of the sample, the substrate generation-tip collection mode enables to observe local generation of iron (II) ions, as well as formation of molecular oxygen. For the uncoated AISI 446 sample, localized corrosion is detected in sodium sulphate solution simultaneously with oxygen formation at anodic potentials of 1.0 V vs. Ag/AgCl, whereas significant pitting corrosion is observed even at 0.2 V vs. Ag/AgCl in potassium chloride solution. The Ti-coated AISI 446 sample reveals enhanced corrosion resistance in both test solutions, without any evidence of iron (II) ions generation at anodic potentials of 1.2 V vs. Ag/AgCl, where only oxygen formation is observed.

关键词： Ferritic stainless steel Corrosion Ti coating Scanning electrochemical microscopy(SECM) Magnetron sputtering Proton exchange membrane water electrolysis(PEMWE)

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Productivity of Commercial Feedlot Beef Production Significantly Improved by Asparagopsis Bioactives Stabilized in Canola Oil

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2024年第10期15卷 899-929页

作者： Robert D. Kinley Breanna M. Roque sigrid l. Mackenzie Marina R. S. Fortes Chiara Palmieri Garth Tarr Holly Cuthbertson Rodney Polkinghorne Frances C. Cowley FutureFeed Pty ltd. Townsville Australia School of Environmental and Rural Science The University of New England Armidale Australia School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences The University of Queensland St. Lucia Australia School of Mathematics and Statistics The University of Sydney Camperdown Australia Birkenwood Pty ltd. Murrurundi Australia

Research using open-circuit respiration chambers has established that Asparagopsis bioactive compounds stabilized in canola oil (Asp-Oil), delivering a range of inclusion between 34 - 51 mg bromoform (CHBr 3 )/kg dry matter intake (DMI), inhibits methane (CH 4 ) emissions > 98% in feedlot cattle. In this study, Asp-Oil was fed at 35 mg CHBr 3 /kg DMI in the feedlot finisher diet under highly replicated and commercially relevant conditions, and adequately powered to confirm differences as low as 3.3% in feed conversion efficiency (FCE). The study also evaluated the effect of Asp-Oil on CH 4 production (g/day), carcass and meat-eating qualities, animal health, and food safety. The experiment consisted of 300 Angus-Shorthorn ( Bos taurus ) steers in 30 pens of 10 and fed a barley-based ration supplemented with canola oil (Control, n = 15), or Asp-Oil (n = 15) for total 81-d, inclusive of 21-d transition to full Asp-Oil and grain inclusion in the finisher ration. Reduction of CH 4 was measured using GreenFeed Emissions Monitors (GEM) in a subset of 2 pens in both Control and Asp-Oil. However, 67% of CH 4 measurements were recorded below the GEM’s limit of detection. An inhibition range of 58% - 98% was demonstrated by collectively using GEM and preliminary respiration chamber measurements. Asp-Oil improved FCE 7.4% in the finisher diet, and 5.6% across transition and finisher periods. During the transition steps the steers had not yet received their full allocations of grain and Asp-Oil which is responsible for the lower FCE benefits. A 4.1% lower DMI in the finisher period contributed to benefits in FCE with no effect on daily weight gains. Cost of feed and weight gain were reduced $0.35/head/day and $0.23/kg, respectively, in steers receiving Asp-Oil. Residues of Asparagopsis CHBr 3 were not detected in any sample and only trace iodide and bromide were detected in livers and kidneys of both Control and Asp-Oil steers at levels safe for human consumption. Steers demons

关键词： Asparagopsis Bromoform Enteric Methane Feed Efficiency Ruminant Seaweed

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large-scale industrial manufacturing of carbon nanotubes in a continuous inclined mobile-bed rotating reactor via the catalytic chemical vapor deposition process

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2017年第2期11卷 280-289页

作者： Sophie l. Pirard sigrid Douven Jean-Paul Pirard laboratory of Chemical Engineering Department of Chemical Engineering University of Liege B-4000 Liege Belgium

This article reports the different steps of the design, development and validation of a process for continuous production of carbon nanotubes （CNTs） via catalytic chemical vapor deposition from the laboratory scale to the industrial production. This process is based on a continuous inclined mobile-bed rotating reactor and very active catalysts using methane or ethylene as carbon source. The importance of modeling taking into account the hydrodynamic, physicochemical and physical phenomena that occur during CNT production in the process analysis is emphasized. The impact of this invention on the environment and human health is taken into consideration too.

关键词： carbon nanotubes catalytic chemical vapor deposition inclined rotating reactor industrial process scaling-up

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Can incidental sighting data be used to elucidate habitat preferences and areas of suitable habitat for a cryptic species?

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Integrative Zoology 2017年第3期12卷 186-197页

作者： Wesley R.HAUSER sigrid R.HEISE-PAVlOV Indiana University School of Public and Environmental AffairsBloomingtonIndianaUSA Centre for Rainforest Studies School for Field StudiesYungaburraQueenslandAustralia

The involvement of communities in ecological studies has been shown to augment conservation efforts,especially for cryptic ***,there is a lack of studies addressing the utility of incidental sighting records from community members in gaining knowledge on habitat preferences and distribution of suitable habitat for these *** study compares preferences of the lumholtz’s tree kangaroo(Dendrolagus lumholtzi;lTK),a cryptic rainforest folivore in northeastern Australia,for various habitat and climatic variables derived from data collected during scientific projects to those derived from incidental sighting records using ArcGIS and *** sighting records suggest that the species uses a wider range of altitudes,annual rainfalls,annual mean temperatures and vegetation types than predicted by scientific *** records also show that the species can persist in areas of lower rainfall during the wettest month and lower minimum temperature during the coldest *** data place the species within a comparable range of rainfalls during the driest month,maximum temperatures of the warmest month and soil *** using identified preferences to assess the extent and distribution of suitable habitat,incidental records predicted more areas of suitable habitat than scientific records with an overlap of up to 91%between *** present study proves that incidental sighting records can be a valuable part of the study of cryptic species and should be considered complementarily alongside scientific studies to obtain comprehensive ecological information of a species that can assist in its conservation.

关键词： cryptic species Dendrolagus lumholtzi incidental sighting data habitat preferences lumholtz’s tree kangaroo

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Ultrasound enhanced friction stir welding of aluminum and steel： Process and properties of EN AW 6061/DC04-Joints

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2018年第1期34卷 163-172页

作者： Marco Thoma Guntram Wagner Benjamin Straβ Bernd Wolter sigrid Benferc Wolfram Furbeth Chair of Composites and Material Compounds Chemnitz University of Technology Chemnitz 09125 Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Nondestructive Testing IZFP Saarbrucken 66123 Germany DECHEMA-Forschungsinstitut Frankfurt am Main 60486 Germany

In this work, the joining of aluminum to steel was conducted by ultrasound enhanced friction stir weld- ing （USE-FSW）. The power ultrasound was introduced into one of the metal sheets by an ultrasonic roll seam module synchronously to the FSW-process. The effect of the ultrasound on the resulting welds, their microstructure and their corrosion properties was investigated by light and scanning electron microscopy and corrosion investigations. The USE-FSW-joints showed less and smaller steel particles in the nugget zone as well as a thinner continuous intermetallic phase of FeAl3 at the interface. The nondestructive testing method of computed laminography proved the observations made by optic microscopy due to non-porous joints for both techniques. Corrosion investigations showed only low corrosion current densities and no enhanced galvanic corrosion for the EN AW-6061/DC04-hybrid joints in sodium chloride solution.

关键词： Friction stir welding Ultrasound enhancement Dissimilar joints Corrosion

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Genetic diversity for mycorrhizal symbiosis and phosphate transporters in rice

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2015年第11期57卷 969-979页

作者： Kwanho Jeong Nicolas Mattes Sheryl Catausan Joong Hyoun Chin Uta Paszkowski sigrid Heuer Southern Cross Plant Science Southern Cross University International Rice Research Institute(IRRI) Crop and Environmental Sciences Division Seoul National University College of Agriculture and Life SciencesPlant Genomics and Breeding Institute University of Cambridge Department of Plant Sciences Australian Center For Plant Functional Genomics(ACPFG)

Phosphorus （P） is a major plant nutrient and developing crops with higher P-use efficiency is an important breeding goal. In this context we have conducted a comparative study of irrigated and rainfed rice varieties to assess genotypic differences in colonization with arbuscular mycorrhizal （AM） fungi and expression of different P trans- porter genes. Plants were grown in three different soil samples from a rice farm in the Philippines. The data show that AM symbiosis in all varieties was established after 4 weeks of growth under aerobic conditions and that, in soil derived from a rice paddy, natural AM populations recovered within 6 weeks. The analysis of AM marker genes （AM1, AM3, AM14） and P transporter genes for the direct Pi uptake （PT2, PT6） and AM-mediated pathway （PTll, PT13） were largely in agreement with the observed root AM colonization providing a useful tool for diversity studies. Interestingly, delayed AM colonization was observed in the aus-type rice varieties which might be due to their different root structure and might confer an advantage for weed competition in the field. The data further showed that P-starvation induced root growth and expression of the high-affinity P transporter PT6 was highest in the irrigated variety IR66 which a]so maintained grain yield under P-deficient field conditions.

关键词： Mycorrhiza P deficiency tolerance phosphatetransporters rice roots

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Therapeutic potential of curcumin in gastrointestinal diseases

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology 2011年第1期2卷 1-14页

作者： sigrid A Rajasekaran Nemours Center for Childhood Cancer Research Alfred I.duPont Hospital for Children

Curcumin,also known as diferuloylmethane,is derived from the plant Curcuma longa and is the active ingredient of the spice *** therapeutic activities of curcumin for a wide variety of diseases such as diabetes,allergies,arthritis and other chronic and inflammatory diseases have been known for a long *** recently,curcumin's therapeutic potential for preventing and treating various cancers is being *** curcumin's therapeutic promise is being explored more systematically in various diseases,it has become clear that,due to its increased bioavailability in the gastrointestinal tract,curcumin may be particularly suited to be developed to treat gastrointestinal *** review summarizes some of the current literature of curcumin's anti-inflammatory,anti-oxidant and anti-cancer potential in inflammatory bowel diseases,hepaticfibrosis and gastrointestinal cancers.

关键词： Curcumin Inflammation Cancer Inflammatory bowel disease liver fibrosis Gastrointestinal disease Apoptosis

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Suicide Prevention in Mental Health Services—A Qualitative Study of a Web Based Program for Mental Health Care Staff

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Open Journal of Medical Psychology 2013年第4期2卷 175-182页

作者： sigrid Stjernsward lars Hansson Department of Health Sciences Lund UniversityLundSweden

Background: Further strategies are needed to deal with the high losses to suicide. New modalities should be explored within the context of suicide prevention. Aim: The aim of the study was to evaluate participants’ experiences of a web based program for mental health care staff, including its potential clinical relevance. Methods: Nineteen participants participated in five focus groups. Data was analyzed using content analysis. Results: The analysis showed participants’ experiences of the program’s contents and format (“Web Based Modules”, “Discussion Groups”) and practical value (“Clinical Relevance and Use”, “Effects on Communication and Climate”). Conclusions: The program partly increased awareness about risk factors and the importance of inquiring about suicide ideation/plans and documenting suicide assessments. Experiences of the clinical value were varying and may be increased through potential enhancements.

关键词： Competence Psychiatric Services Mental Health Care Staff Suicide Prevention Web Based Program

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Web Based Supportive Intervention for Families living with Schizophrenia—An Open Trial

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Open Journal of Medical Psychology 2013年第4期2卷 183-192页

作者： sigrid Stjernsward lars Hansson Department of Health Sciences Lund UniversityLundSweden

Background: Web based modalities should be explored to support families living with mental illness. A web based tool including a psychoeducative module, a diary and a password protected forum was developed aimed at relatives’ of a person with schizophrenia to alleviate daily life. Aim: The aim of the present study was to explore participants’ use of the web based tool with focus on the forum and its potential health and psychosocial benefits. Methods: Nineteen persons participated in this explorative open trial. The forum posts were analyzed using content analysis. Self-rating instruments assessing caregiver burden, stigma and the tool’s usability were analyzed with descriptive statistics. Results: The qualitative analysis resulted in four main categories and subcategories describing relatives’ situation and interaction in the forum: Caring for a Person with Schizophrenia, Crisis and Care, Secrecy vs Openness, and Interaction and Social Support. Experiences of caregiver burden, but also fulfillment with caregiving tasks were reported. Concealing or hiding the family’s mental illness was common, but also the ability to use inner strength to cope with stigma and discrimination. The mean usability score was 59 (70 = good). Conclusion: Web based support can help address some of the families’ needs of support, although it encompasses certain limitations. Patient rights and the availability of resources, especially in cases of emergency, need to be made easily visible and accessible to alleviate families’ burden.

关键词： Families Online Communities Social Support Schizophrenia

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Breeding New Knowledge at Home:The Case of the Albanian Olive Friendship Tree in China

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Chinese Annals of History of Science and Technology 2019年第2期3卷 195-214页

作者： sigrid Schmalzer History Department University of Massachusetts AmherstAmherstMA 01003US

This article uses the case of the Sino-Albanian Friendship Trees to examine the significance and the limits of transnational scientific exchange in China during the 1960s and *** 1964,Albania gave ten thousand olive trees to China as a symbol of the eternal friendship of the Chinese and Albanian people;it was then up to Chinese agricultural scientists and farmers to find suitable means to propagate and cultivate *** author finds that,though the olive trees served as symbols of international friendship and scientific exchange,knowledge about olive trees produced and circulated in the PRC reflected science in context(that is,science within the national-level political context of 1960s–1970s China)more than knowledge in transit(that is,the transnational circulation of knowledge).The importation of olive trees from Albania ended up offering a new application for Chinese agricultural knowledge and for quintessentially“Cultural Revolution”-era systems of knowledge production and circulation.

关键词： transnational scientific exchange Sino-Albanian Friendship Trees agricultural science science in 1960s–1970s China

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