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Synthesis and mesomorphic properties of Schiff base esters possessing terminal chloro substituent

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2010年第6期21卷 637-640页

作者： Sie Tiong Ha Lay Khoon Ong siew ling lee Hong Cheu Lin Yip Foo Win siew Teng Ong Department of Chemical Science Faculty of ScienceUniversiti Tunku Abdul RahmanJln UniversitiBandar Barat31900 KamparPerakMalaysia Department of Science Faculty of Engineering & ScienceUniversiti Tunku Abdul RahmanJln Genting KlangSetapak53300 Kuala LumpurMalaysia Ibnu Sina Institute for Fundamental Science Studies Universiti Teknologi Malaysia81310 UTM SkudaiJohorMalaysia Department of Materials Science & Engineering National Chiao Tung UniversityHsinchu 300TaiwanChina

A homologous series of Schiff base esters,4-chlorobenzylidene-4'-n-alkanoyloxyanilines,containing even number of carbons at the end groups of the molecules(C_(n-1)H_(2n-1)COO-,n=4,6,8,10,12,14,16) were *** mesomorphic properties were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry(DSC) and polarizing optical microscopy(POM).It was found that the end groups of the molecules had an effect on the mesomorphic properties.n-Butanoyloxy was found non-mesogenic,whilst n-hexanoyloxy exhibited monotropic smectic *** higher members in this homologous series were enantiotropic smectogens.

关键词： Schiff base esters Smectic A Smectic B Liquid crystal

Phenol photocatalytic degradation over mesoporous TUD-1-supported chromium oxide-doped titania photocatalyst

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Chinese Journal of Catalysis 2016年第11期37卷 1871-1881页

作者： Yee Khai Ooi Leny Yuliati siew ling lee 马来西亚工艺大学理学院化学系马来西亚新山81310 马来西亚工艺大学科学与工业研究所可持续纳米材料中心马来西亚新山81310

Mesoporous Technische Universiteit Delft（TUD-1）-supported chromium oxide-doped titania（Cr-TiO2） was developed as a promising photocatalyst for phenol photodegradation under visible light ***-angle X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy results confirmed the amorphous and mesoporous silicate framework of TUD-1 in TUD-1-supported *** mesostructure of TUD-1 was further verified via N2 adsorption-desorption analysis,which showed a type-IV isotherm with a narrow average pore size distribution of 3.9 nm and high surface area of 490 m^2/*** electron microscopy analysis results indicated that TUD-1-supported Cr-TiO2 contained nanoparticles and porous *** increase in band gap energy was observed after loading Cr-TiO2 into *** with that of unsupported Cr-TiO2,TUD-1-supported Cr-TiO2 showed higher photocatalytic activity for phenol degradation under visible light *** TUD-1 supported Cr-TiO2 photocatalyst with a Si/Ti molar ratio of 30 exhibited the highest photodegradation of phenol（82%） of the prepared *** photodegradation of phenol by the supported catalyst followed the Langmuir adsorption isotherm with first-order kinetics.

关键词： Phenol TUD-1 Titania Photocatalyst Mesoporous

Synthesis and mesomorphic evaluation of new calamitic liquid crystals containing benzothiazole core

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2011年第5期22卷 619-622页

作者： Teck Ming Koh Sie Tiong Ha Teck Leong lee siew ling lee Guan Yeow Yeap Hong Cheu Lin Ramesh T.Subramaniam Department of Science Faculty of Engineering & ScienceUniversiti Tunku Abdul RahmanJln Genting KlangSetapak53300 Kuala Lumpur.Malaysia Department of Chemistry National University of SingaporeSingapore 117543Singapore Department of Chemical Science Faculty of ScienceUniversiti Tunku Abdul RahmanJln UniversitiBandar Barat31900 KamparPerakMalaysia Ibnu Sina Institute for Fundamental Science Studies Universiti Teknologi Malaysia81310 UTM SkudaiJohorMalaysia Liquid Crystal Research Laboratory School of Chemical SciencesUniversiti Sains Malaysia11800 MindenPenangMalaysia Department of Materials Science & Engineering National Chiao Tung UniversityHsinchu 300Taiwan Center for Ionics University Malaya Department of Physics Faculty of ScienceUniversity of Malaya50603 Kuala LumpurMalaysia

The design and synthesis of new calamitic benzothiazole-based liquid crystals,2-[4-（4-alkyloxybenzoyloxy）-phenyl]ben-zothiazoles are *** target compound was characterized using spectroscopic techniques,such as FT-IR,NMR（~1H and ^（13）C）,microanalysis and *** liquid crystalline behaviours of these compounds were thoroughly examined by differential scanning calorimetry and polarizing optical microscope *** materials exhibited enantiotropic nematic phase with high thermal stability（168℃）.Smectic A phase starts to emerge as monotropic（metastable） phase from C10 member and changes into enantiotropic（stable） phase from C12 and persists up to C16 members.

关键词： Benzothiazole Alkoxy chain Nematic Smectic A Liquid crystal

Patients’time in therapeutic range on warfarin among atrial fibrillation patients in Warfarin Medication Therapy Adherence Clinic

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World Journal of Cardiology 2021年第9期13卷 483-492页

作者： siew ling lee Thien Jian Ong Wardati Mazlan-Kepli Annuysia Mageswaran Kai Hsin Tan Abdul-Muizz Abd-Malek Robert Cronshaw Department of Pharmacy Hospital SerdangMinistry of Health MalaysiaKajang 43000SelangorMalaysia Department of Cardiology Hospital SerdangMinistry of Health MalaysiaKajang 43000SelangorMalaysia College of Medical Veterinary and Life SciencesUniversity of GlasgowGlasgow G128QQUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND The quality of warfarin therapy can be determined by the time in the therapeutic range(TTR)of international normalized ratio(INR).The estimated minimum TTR needed to achieve a benefit from warfarin therapy is≥60%.AIM To determine TTR and the predictors of poor TTR among atrial fibrillation patients who receive warfarin *** A retrospective observational study was conducted at a cardiology referral center in Selangor,Malaysia.A total of 420 patients with atrial fibrillation and under follow-up at the pharmacist led Warfarin Medication Therapeutic Adherence Clinic between January 2014 and December 2018 were ***’clinical data,information related to warfarin therapy,and INR readings were traced through electronic Hospital Information system.A data collection form was used for data *** percentage of days when INR was within range was calculated using the Rosendaal *** poor INR control category was defined as a TTR<60%.Predictors for poor TTR were further determined by using logistic *** A total of 420 patients[54.0%male;mean age 65.7(10.9)years]were *** calculated mean and median TTR were 60.6%±20.6%and 64%(interquartile range 48%-75%),*** the included patients,57.6%(n=242)were in the good control category and 42.4%(n=178)were in the poor control *** annual calculated mean TTR between the year 2014 and 2018 ranged from 59.7%and 67.3%.A high HAS-BLED score of≥3 was associated with poor TTR(adjusted odds ratio,2.525;95%confidence interval:1.6-3.9,P<0.001).CONCLUSION In our population,a high HAS-BLED score was associated with poor *** could provide an important insight when initiating an oral anticoagulant for these *** with a high HAS-BLED score may obtain less benefit from warfarin therapy and should be considered for other available oral anticoagulants for maximum benefit.

关键词： Atrial fibrillation Time in therapeutic range International normalized ratio HAS-BLED score Oral anticoagulants Warfarin Medication Therapeutic Adherence Clinic

Epigallocatechin-3-gallate exerts antihypertensive effects and improves endothelial function in spontaneously hypertensive rats

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2023年第7期13卷 287-295页

作者： Yucinda YY Khor siew-Keah lee Dharmani Devi M Wei Chih ling Department of Pre-clinical Sciences M.Kandiah Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversiti Tunku Abdul RahmanSelangorMalaysia Department of Pharmacology Faculty of MedicineUniversiti MalayaKuala LumpurMalaysia

Objective:To investigate the effect of epigallocatechin-3-gallate(EGCG)on endothelial dysfunction in spontaneously hypertensive rats(SHR).Methods:Wistar-Kyoto(WKY)rats and SHR were divided into four groups;WKY control,SHR control and SHR treated with EGCG(50 mg/kg/day)or losartan(10 mg/kg/day).The treatment was given daily for 4 weeks by oral gavage and the blood pressure was monitored by tail-cuff method every 3 *** endothelium-dependent relaxations were assessed in isolated phenylephrine-precontracted aortic rings at the end of *** vascular levels of reactive oxygen species,nitric oxide,tetrahydrobiopterin,and cyclic guanosine monophosphate were also ***,the expression of angiotensinⅡtype 1(AT_(1))receptor protein was ***:The systolic blood pressure was significantly decreased in SHR treated with *** impaired endothelium-dependent relaxation was significantly improved in aortic ring isolated from the EGCG-treated SHR *** also significantly increased the levels of nitric oxide,tetrahydrobiopterin,and cyclic guanosine monophosphate,while decreasing the level of reactive oxygen species and the protein expression of AT_(1)receptor in ***:EGCG attenuates endothelial dysfunction in SHR by decreasing oxidative stress and increasing vascular nitric oxide bioavailability,which may be modulated partly by inhibition of vascular AT_(1)*** increase in endothelium-dependent relaxation may contribute to a decrease in blood pressure in hypertensive animals.

关键词： Epigallocatechin-3-gallate Vascular protection Antihypertension Tetrahydrobiopterin Cyclic guanosine monophosphate Angiotensin typeⅠreceptor Spontaneously hypertensive rats

Improving cold flow properties of palm fatty acid distillate biodiesel through vacuum distillation

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Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts 2022年第1期7卷 43-51页

作者： siew Ping Yeong Yen San Chan Ming Chiat Law Jordy Kim Ung ling Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Engineering and ScienceCurtin University MalaysiaCDT 25098009 MiriSarawakMalaysia Department of Chemical and Energy Engineering Faculty of Engineering and ScienceCurtin University MalaysiaCDT 25098009MiriSarawakMalaysia

Palm fatty acid distillate(PFAD),a by-product of refining process of crude palm oil can be used as a potential feedstock for biodiesel ***,the application of palm oil-based biodiesel is often hinder by its poor cold flow properties(CFP).Biodiesel fuel with poor CFP may crystallize and result in clogging of fuel lines,filters and injectors that cause engine operability *** that,a vacuum distillation method was designed and its feasibility and efficiency in improving the CFP was examined.A total of 13.60wt%of total saturated fatty acid methyl esters were successfully removed from the PFAD biodiesel,resulting in the improvement of the cloud point(CP),cold filter plugging point(CFPP)and pour point(PP)of PFAD biodiesel from 20℃,19℃,and 15℃to 13℃,11℃,and 9℃,*** is remarkable that the improved CFPP satisfied the requirements for grade C summer biodiesel for temperate climates in EN 14212 ***,Sarin(U FAME)empirical correlation was evaluated and it was found to have a good prediction of CFP for PFAD biodiesel,with lower than 2℃deviation.

关键词： Biodiesel Cold flow property Methyl palmitate Palm fatty acid distillate(PFAD) Vacuum distillation

Anisotropic transport of microalgae Chlorella vulgaris in microfluidic channel

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Chinese Physics B 2017年第8期26卷 511-520页

作者： Nur Izzati Ishak S V Muniandy Vengadesh Periasamy Fong-lee Ng siew-Moi Phang Plasma Technology Research Center Department of PhysicsUniversity of MalayaKuala Lumpur 50603Malaysia Center for Theoretical Physics Department of PhysicsUniversity of MalayaKuala Lumpur 50603Malaysia Low Dimensional Materials Research Center Department of PhysicsUniversity of MalayaKuala Lumpur 50603Malaysia Institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences University of MalayaKuala Lumpur 50603Malaysia

In this work, we study the regional dependence of transport behavior of microalgae Chlorella vulgaris inside microflu- idic channel on applied fluid flow rate. The microalgae are treated as spherical naturally buoyant particles. Deviation from the normal diffusion or Brownian transport is characterized based on the scaling behavior of the mean square displacement （MSD） of the particle trajectories by resolving the displacements in the streamwise （flow） and perpendicular directions. The channel is divided into three different flow regions, namely center region of the channel and two near-wall boundaries and the particle motions are analyzed at different flow rates. We use the scaled Brownian motion to model the transitional characteristics in the scaling behavior of the MSDs. We find that there exist anisotropic anomalous transports in all the three flow regions with mixed sub-diffusive, normal and super-diffusive behavior in both longitudinal and transverse directions.

关键词： Brownian motion anomalous transport scaled Brownian motion microfluidic Chlorella vulgaris

Cardiovascular health awareness,risk perception,behavioural intention and INTERHEART risk stratification among middle-aged adults in Malaysia

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2024年第2期17卷 61-70页

作者： siew-Keah lee Ang-Lim Chua Clement Heng Yew Fong Ban Hao Brian Cong Wen ling Ng Jing Feng Kong Yik-ling Chew Kai Bin Liew Yang Shao M.Kandiah Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Universiti Tunku Abdul RahmanMalaysia Faculty of Medicine Universiti Teknologi MARAMalaysia Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences UCSI UniversityMalaysia Faculty of Pharmacy University of CyberjayaMalaysia The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University China

Objective:To investigate the interrelationship between cardiovascular health awareness,risk perception,behavioural intention,and INTERHEART risk stratification in a middle-aged adult population in ***:A cross-sectional survey with convenience sampling was conducted during November 2022 and January *** completed validated questionnaires assessing cardiovascular health awareness,risk perception of cardiovascular diseases,behavioural intention towards adopting healthy habits,and INTERHEART risk stratification score(IHRS)based on established risk factors.A total of 602 respondents were included in the final *** were analysed with independent t-test/one-way ANOVA or Mann-Whitney/Kruskal-Wallis to test the differences,Pearson correlation or linear regression test to analyze the association of independent and dependent ***:There was a significant positive correlation between medical knowledge related to cardiovascular disease(CVD)and knowledge related to CVD risk prevention,risk perception,behavioural intention and IHRS(P<0.05,Pearson correlation).Notably,individuals with higher IHRS tended to have lower knowledge related to CVD and CVD risk prevention,risk perception,and behavioural ***,laborers,active/former smokers,individuals with lower household income and educational levels,those involved in occupations not related to the healthcare sector,and those who did not receive the CVD health brochure or are unaware of health self-assessment tools are likely to have lower levels of knowledge,risk perception,and poorer behavioural intention regarding cardiovascular health(P<0.05,one-way ANOVA).While educational level,smoking status,awareness about CVD poster,self-assessment tools were repeatedly significantly associated with knowledge related to CVD and CVD risk prevention,risk perception,behavioral intention and/or IHRS(P<0.05,linear regression).Conclusions:These findings underscore the importance of promoting car

关键词： Cardiovascular risk Knowledge Risk perception Behavioural intention INTERHEART Middle-aged Lifestyle Physical activity Psychosocial stress

Skewness of generalized Petersen graphs and related graphs

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Frontiers of Mathematics in China 2012年第3期7卷 427-436页

作者： Gek ling CHIA Chart Lye lee Institute of Mathematical Sciences University of Malaya 50603 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia

The skewness of a graph G is the minimum number of edges in G whose removal results in a planar graph. In this paper, we determine the skewness of the generalized Petersen graph P（4k, k） and hence a lower bound for the crossing number of P（4k, k）. In addition, an upper bound for the crossing number of P（4k, k） is also given.

关键词： Skewness generalized Petersen graph crossing number