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The Essential Oil of Ocimum americanum from Senegal and Gambia as a Source of methyleugenol for the Control of Bactrocera dorsalis, Fruit Fly

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Journal of Agricultural Chemistry and Environment 2024年第1期13卷 133-141页

作者： Yoro Tine Antonio Alain Coffi Sinzogan Ousmane Ndiaye Cebastiana Sambou Alioune diallo Ismaila mbenga Kemo Badji El Hadji Omar dieng Assa Balayara Jeanne diatta Cheikhouna Gaye Julien Paolini Jean Costa Alassane Wele Saliou Ngom Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Thérapeutique Faculté de Médecine Pharmacie et Odontologie Université Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar Sénégal Faculte des Sciences Agronomiques Universite d’Abomey Calavi Cotonou Benin Ecole Nationale Supérieure d’Agriculture (ENSA) Université Iba Der Thiam de Thiès Thiès Sénégal direction de la Protection des Végétaux Rufisque Sénégal Laboratoire de Chimie des Produits Naturels Université de Corse Corte France National Agricultural Research Institute (NARI) Sere Kunda Gambia Institut Sénégalais de Recherches Agricoles (ISRA) Dakar Sénégal

The fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (diptera: Tephritidae) is one of the most important pests in all mango-producing areas, particularly in West Africa. In Senegal, O. americanum leaves have been used for several years to control this fly. However, to our knowledge, no chemical studies have been carried out. Thus, the aim of this study is to determine the chemical composition of the essential oil of O. americanum leaves collected in Senegal and Gambia. The essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation of these leaves is analyzed by GC/FId and GC/mS. Yields of essential oils from O. americanum leaves are 3.84% and 2.13%, respectively. Analysis of these essential oils by GC/FId and GC/mS allowed the identification of 23 compounds representing almost 100% of the total compositions. These essential oils are mainly dominated by methyleugenol (72.0% and 75.8%, respectively). Other components in significant percent are trans-β-caryophyllene (13.9% and 13.0%, respectively), germacrene d (4.1% and 3.7%, respectively), β-elemene (3.3% and 0.9%, respectively). due to the high methyleugenol content, this study explains the attractive potential of O. americanum towards B. dorsalis. In perspective, we plan to evaluate the attractive effect of the essential oil and leaf powder of O. americanum against B. dorsalis, a real pest of mango orchards in Senegal.

关键词： Ocimum americanum Essential Oils methyleugenol Bactrocera dorsalis GC/mS

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Surgery for Early Stage Invasive Cervical Cancer. Experience of the Oncology department of Ledantec Hospital

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2022年第2期13卷 80-87页

作者： sidy Ka Yaméogo Bonaventure mamadou m. dieng Souleymane dieng Jaafar Thiam Salif Baldé Ahmadou dem Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Le dantec Dakar Sénégal

Background: Surgery is the treatment for early-stage cervical cancer. Radiochemotherapy is used in the treatment of locally advanced stages. But the choice of treatment can be difficult. Objective: The objective of this work was to evaluate the therapeutic aspects of cervical cancer in the early stages IA to IIA in the oncology department of A Ledantec Hospital in dakar. Patients and methods: This was a descriptive retrospective study, from January 2015 to december 2020, in the oncology department of A Ledantec Hospital, including all the patients who had been treated for early-stage invasive cervical cancer. Results: We included 28 patients. The average age was 49.54 years old. There were 11 patients (39.3%) with a stage ≤ IB1. Surgery was the first in 14 patients (50%). The initial approach was a midline supra and subumbilical laparotomy. The surgery was R0 in 65.22%. Postoperative complications were found in 4 patients including 1 case of operative wound suppuration, 1 case of dysuria, 1 case of postoperative eventration and 1 case of rectovaginal fistula. Concomitant Radiochemotherapy was neoadjuvant in 7 cases (25%), adjuvant in 14 cases (50%). The chemotherapy was neoadjuvant in 09 cases (56.25%) and adjuvant in 7 cases (43.75%) with minor toxicities. We had recorded 2 deaths. Conclusion: The treatment of the early stages of invasive cervical cancer is based on surgery. Neoadjuvant treatments may be useful in particular situations.

关键词： Cancer Cervix Early Treatment

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Cystic Breast Cancer. A Confusing Entity. Study of 8 Cases at dakar University Surgical Oncology Unit

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Advances in Breast Cancer Research 2022年第1期11卷 69-74页

作者： sidy Ka mamour Gueye mamadou m. dieng Salif Baldé Samuel Kobinama Jaafar Thiam Ahmadou dem Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Le dantec Dakar Sénégal

Introduction: Cystic breast cancer is a rare entity. Breast cysts are most often benign. The clinical characteristics of malignancy are not specific. Objective: To report a series of malignant cystic tumors of the breast and to describe their different characteristics. Materials and Methods: This was an observational study carried out between January 2018 and October 2021 at the Dakar university surgical oncology unit. We studied the clinical appearance, imaging, histopathology, extent of disease and treatment. We did not include cases of pure, single, or multiple chronically progressive cysts. Results: There were 8 patients, 6 women and 2 men. The average age was 44. All patients presented with a palpable unilateral deforming skin mass without inflammatory character. One patient presented with a bloody discharge. The cyst was multilocular without intracystic growth in 2 cases and presented a growth signal in 6 cases. Imaging was ACR 3 in 5 cases and ACR 4 in 3 cases. Histopathology found 6 invamily:Verda

关键词： Breast Cyst Carcinoma

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From Lysis to Hemolysis

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Open Journal of Blood diseases 2023年第1期13卷 16-23页

作者： m.uham.d dieng Sokhna Aïssatou Touré mohamed Keïta Boundia djiba michel Assane Ndour demba diedhiou moussa Seck sidy mohamed Seck department of Internal medicine Abass Ndao Hospital Dakar Senegal department of Hematology National Blood Center Dakar Senegal department of Nephrology Military Hospital of Ouakam Dakar Senegal

Introduction: Sickle cell disease (SCd) is the most common genetic disease in the world. Vitamin d deficiency has been described in several patients with this disease. We report the case of a patient in whom osteomalacia revealed the disease. Observation: The patient was 35 years old, not an alcoholic, not exposed to toxic products, with a family history of sickle cell disease in her 4 brothers and sisters. She reports the appearance of diffuse bone pain but which predominates in the axial skeleton, the ribs and the rhizomelic zones having motivated several hospitalizations. These pains are recurrent with new attacks on the lumbar spine, and sacroiliac joints with intense pain. Paraclinical examinations revealed: normal long bone radiographs without bone lysis, a CT scan of the sacroiliac joints without any aspect of sacroiliitis, but revealing multiple vertebral condensing bone lesions in streaks, diffuse at the level of the iliac wings with osteolysis surrounded by non aggressive osteocondensation. densitometry was normal, vitamin d deficiency was noted at 29 ng/mL with elevated alkaline phosphatase, normal concentrations of Calcemia and Phosphoremia respectively at 96 mg/L and 36 mg/L, contrasting with hyperparathyroidism with a blood level of parathyroid hormone elevated to twice the normal level at 104.4 pg/mL It should be noted that the patient had received per os vitamin d supplementation before coming to us. The diagnosis of osteomalacia secondary to vitamin d deficiency complicated by secondary hyperparathyroidism was retained. Given the family history, we looked for the existence of sickle cell disease which was finally confirmed on hemoglobin electrophoresis with an AS profile. Conclusion: The association between vitamin d deficiency and sickle cell disease is not uncommon, and is explained by the ethnic origin, race, skin color, genetics and physiological features of patients with this disease rather than the disease itself.

关键词： Sickle Cell disease Vitamin d Osteomalacia

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Water/Oil Pickering Emulsion Stabilized by magnesium Oxide Particles: A Potential System with Two Active Substances (Paracetamol and Griseofulvin)

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Open Journal of Biophysics 2018年第2期8卷 68-84页

作者： Papa mady Sy Alphonse Rodrigue djiboune Louis Augustin diaga diouf mamadou Soumboundou Boucar Ndong Augustin Ndiaye sidy m. dieng Ousseynou diop El Hadji A. L. Bathily Gora mbaye mack Faye mamadou mbodj mounibé diarra Laboratory of Physics and Pharmaceutical Biophysics Faculty of Medicine Pharmacy and Odontology UCAD Dakar Senegal Laboratory of medical Biophysics and Nuclear medicine Faculty of Medicine Pharmacy and Odontology UCAD Dakar Senegal

Pickering emulsions are systems without surfactants, stabilized by solid particles. These emulsions are experiencing a renewed interest, on the one hand, because it is preferable to limit the use of synthetic surfactants for toxicological and environmental reasons and, on the other hand, the need to make new formulations in order to control the drug release patterns by encapsulation or controlled release. Thus, we were interested in the formulation and evaluation of W/O Pickering emulsions stabilized by particles of magnesium oxide with paracetamol in the internal phase and griseofulvin in the external phase. The Bancroft rule served as a model for the formulation. The emulsification was carried out by progressively adding an aqueous phase dispersed in an oil-dispersing phase using a turbo rotor stator mixer. The stability of these emulsions was studied using several parameters (droplet size, pH, viscosity, conductivity ...) and the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the active ingredients by UV-visible spectrophotometry. The results obtained showed that the dye test and the conductivity measurement confirmed the W/O nature of these emulsions. Some parameters such as droplet size, pH and viscosity were strongly influenced by the amounts of magnesium oxide particles and the two active ingredients used. The qualitative and quantitative analysis of the active ingredients confirmed the presence of griseofulvin in the oil phase and paracetamol in the aqueous phase. Thus, we have succeeded in developing a stable W/O Pickering emulsion with magnesium oxide particles. In addition, we were able to incorporate paracetamol into the dispersed phase and griseofulvin into the dispersing phase of the emulsion.

关键词： Emulsion Pickering-mgo-Griseofulvin-Paracetamol

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Treatment of Nodal Non Hodgkin Lymphoma in West Africa: Experience of Institut Curie in dakar

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2014年第5期5卷 478-482页

作者： P. m. Gaye A. A. Kassé d. diouf m. m. dieng A. dem dr macoumba Gaye Unité de Radiothérapie Institut Curie CHU Le Dantec BP 15478 Fann Dakar Sénégal

In Senegal, few studies have been devoted to non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. We conducted a retrospective descriptive study of 73 cases treated at the Institut J. Curie Hospital Aristide Le dantec for non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas from 2001 to 2007. The main objective was to determine the clinical and therapeutic aspects. Our population consisted of 39 men and 34 women (sex ratio: 1.14). The average age was 36 years with extremes of 5 and 76 years. The most common locations were cervical (30.6%) and oropharynx (8.21%). multiple locations were found in 30.6% of cases. Only 54.4% have histological exam. Patients were managed on cytology basis 42.6% of cases. Histology was performed in 39 patients (54.4%). Among these patients, 69% had aggressive lymphoma, of which 12.82% had a large B-cell lymphoma among indolent lymphomas (59%). The small cleaved cell lymphoma was most often found with 78.26% of cases. The patients were staged with insufficient tools. The protocol most often used was CHOP (64.3%). The most common complications reported were gastrointestinal (11%) followed by skin complications (8.2%). Radiotherapy was performed for 6 patients or 8.2% of cases. Therapeutic strategy was most often used as chemotherapy alone (69.9%). The median duration of follow-up is 18 months.

关键词： Non Hodgkin Lymphoma NHL Africa

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Prevalence and Associated Factors of diabetic Kidney disease in Senegalese Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study in Saint-Louis

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Open Journal of Nephrology 2020年第1期10卷 23-33页

作者： sidy mohamed Seck dominique doupa Seraphin Ahou Serigne Gueye macia Engerran Lamine Gueye Internal medicine-Nephrology department Faculty of Health Sciences University Gaston Berger Saint-Louis Senegal UmI 3189 Environnement santé sociétés (CNRS/UCAD/Université de Bamako/CNRST Burkina-Faso) Faculté de Médecine de Pharmacie et d’Odontostomatologie Dakar Senegal Nephrology department Faculty of Health Sciences University of Parakou Parakou Benin Nephrology and Hemodialysis department CH Cahors Cahors France

Introduction: diabetes is a leading cause of chronic kidney disease in the world. during the next decade, its burden is expected to increase in Africa with potential complications such as chronic kidney disease. However, epidemiology and risk factors of diabetic kidney disease are poorly described at population level. This study aimed to determine prevalence of diabetic kidney disease (dKd) in adult diabetics living in Saint-Louis, northern Senegal. methods: A cross-sectional study including diabetic patients followed-up aged ≥18 years during a five-year period (2013-2018) in Saint-Louis. Clinical and biological parameters were collected during annual community-based mass screening. diabetes was defined as fasting blood glucose ≥ 1.26 g/L confirmed by a second lab dosage. dKd was defined as persistence of albuminuria ≥ 30 mg/24h and/or estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) 2. data were analyzed with Stata 12.0. Results: We included a total of 1310 diabetic patients among whom 3.7% (95% CI = 1.4% - 9.8%) presented dKd. Their mean age was 46.2 ± 11.8 years and sex-ratio was 0.7. micro-albuminuria and macro-albuminuria were present respectively in 59.2% and 18.4% of patients with dKd and half of them had a normal eGFR. Before the survey 89.8% of patients with dKd were not aware of their renal disease and only four of them had seen a nephrologist. After multivariate analysis, age (OR = 1.5;95% CI = 1.1 - 3.4), duration of diabetes (OR = 1.2;95% CI = 1.6 - 4.4) and hypertension (OR = 2.5;95% CI = 1.4 - 4.6) were associated with the presence of dKd in diabetic patients while no significant association was not found with gender, blood glucose level, smoking and familial history. Conclusion: dKd is a frequent complication in diabetic adult population living in Saint-Louis. Early detection and management should be promoted in order to prevent progression to end-stage renal disease.

关键词： diabetes Kidney disease Epidemiology Saint-Louis

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The First Cases of Laparoscopic Colectomy for Cancer in Ziguinchor Peace Hospital

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Surgical Science 2023年第8期14卷 550-556页

作者： Omar Sow Aissé Thioubou Reymond Saidy Aboubacar Traoré modou d. Ndiaye m.uham.dou L. Gueye Ibrahima Ka madieng dieng department of Surgery Peace Hospital Assane Seck University Ziguinchor Senegal department of General Surgery Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal

Laparoscopic colectomy is a standardized technique for the curative treatment of colon cancer, based on the principles of carcinological surgery. It is rarely performed in our region but common practice in developed countries. We conducted a retrospective study of the first 4 cases of laparoscopic colectomy for cancer. The patients were 3 men and 1 woman, with a mean age of 54.2 years. Of the 4 cancers, 3 were localized to the sigmoid and one to the cecum. The main symptom was rectal bleeding. Total colonoscopy with biopsy was performed in 3 patients and the histological type was a lieberkühnian, infiltrative, moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma. Thoraco-abdomino-pelvic computed tomography (TAP CT) was performed in all the cases. Three patients were presented to the multidisciplinary team (mdT) prior to surgery. The operations were one right hemicolectomy and three left hemicolectomies. The mean operative time was 182.25 min [152 - 210]. Average blood loss was estimated at 200 cc. The average hospital stay was 4.71 days. Cancer staging was classified as stage I in 1 case (p T1N0m0) and stage III in 3 cases (pT3N1mx, pT3N2mx). Resection margins were healthy. The number of lymph nodes removed was 12, 14, 17 and 13 respectively. Conclusion: This is a safe and reproducible technique, but requires a much higher cost than laparotomy.

关键词： Colectomy Cancer Laparoscopy Ziguinchor

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Roles of the Apolipoprotein E Gene and Its Polymorphisms in the Etiopathophysiology of Type 2 diabetes mellitus and Its Atherosclerotic Complication in Senegalese Females

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Journal of diabetes mellitus 2023年第4期13卷 300-324页

作者： maïmouna Touré Fatou diallo Agne Amadou dieng Rokhaya Ndiaye diallo Lamine Gueye Abdoulaye Samb Laboratoire de Physiologie Humaine et d’Explorations Fonctionnelles Faculté de Médecine de Pharmacie et d’Odonto-Stomatologie (FMPOS) de l’Université Cheikh Anta Diop (UCAD) Dakar Senégal IRL3189 ESS “Environnement-Santé-Sociétés” Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)/Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique (CNRST) Bamako-UCAD Dakar Sénégal Laboratoire de Biochimie et de Biologie moléculaire Faculté de Médecine de Pharmacie et d’Odonto-Stomatologie (FMPOS) de l’Université Cheikh Anta Diop (UCAD) Dakar Sénégal Service de Santé Publique Institut d’Odontologie et de Stomatologie Faculté de Médecine de Pharmacie et d’Odonto-Stomatologie (FMPOS) de l’Université Cheikh Anta Diop (UCAD) Dakar Sénégal Laboratoire de Génétique Pharmaceutique Faculté de Médecine de Pharmacie et d’Odonto-Stomatologie (FMPOS) de l’Université Cheikh Anta Diop (UCAD) Dakar Sénégal

Lipid metabolism disorders would be among the components responsible for the risk of the onset of T2dm and its vascular complications. Apolipoprotein E plays an important role in lipid metabolism. We studied the involvement of the APOE gene in the onset of T2dm and its vascular complications. Clinical and biochemical parameters were assessed in each participant. APOE genotypes were identified by PCR-RFLP. Arterial stiffness was studied using a pOpmetre® which evaluates the pulse wave velocity (ft-PWV). Endothelial dysfunction was studied using an EndoPAT2000® which measures endothelium-dependent vasodilation (RHI). In control subjects, the ε3 allele was associated with an increase in fasting blood glucose (r = 2.36, p = 0.018), and a decrease in LdL cholesterol levels (r = −2.17, p = 0.03), and ε4 was associated with an increase in total cholesterol (r = 2.59, p = 0.01), LdL cholesterol (r = 2.84, p = 0.004), and No-HdL cholesterol (r = 2.74, p = 0.006). In type 2 diabetes subjects, the ε2 was associated with a decrease in diastolic blood pressure (r = −2.25, p = 0.02). The ε3 was associated with a decrease in ft-PWV (r = −2.26, p = 0.024) while the ε4 was associated with an increase in ft-PWV (r = 2.52, p = 0.012). Carrying the ε2ε3 genotype would have in 99% a limited risk of developing T2dm, and in event of T2dm, only 1 to 2% would have a significant risk of developing atherosclerosis, which would be severe in 17%. Of the ε2ε4 genotype, 93% had a limited or even possible risk of developing T2dm, the remaining 7% had a very high risk of developing T2dm. diabetics carrying ε2ε4 had in 7% very high risk of developing atherosclerosis. The latter had a 20% very high risk of being very severe. Subjects carrying the ε3ε4 genotype had a 67% possible or even probable risk of developing T2dm and in the event of diabetes, there was in 34% very high risk of developing atherosclerosis which will not have even the time to evolve towards severity. For subj

关键词： APOE Gene Polymorphisms Type 2 diabetes mellitus Vascular dysfunctions

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Evaluation of the Effects of Irradiation of Peanut Grain by a Gamma-Ray Beam on Culture

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Open Journal of Biophysics 2017年第3期7卷 94-100页

作者： G. mbaye m. Soumboundou L. A. d. diouf B. Ndong A. R. djiboune P. m. Sy S. m. dieng m. diouf N. N. diouf A. Barry m. diarra Laboratory of Physics and Pharmaceutical Biophysics Faculty of Medicine Pharmacy and Odontology UCAD Dakar Senegal Laboratory of medical Biophysics and Nuclear medicine Faculty of Medicine Pharmacy and Odontology UCAD Dakar Senegal

The problems of agriculture in Senegal result in a low yield per hectare and poor seed quality contributing strongly to the decline in productivity. mutagenesis by X- or Y-ray irradiation makes it possible to obtain genetic mutants necessary to improve production. It is in this context that we undertook this study to evaluate the effects induced on the cultivation of peanut seeds irradiated by X-rays at low doses applied in radiotherapy. X-ray irradiation of four (2, 3, 4, 5) lots of peanuts are performed with respectively 0.5, 1.5, 2 and 4 Gray using the cobalt 60 therapy device (Alcyon II). The seeding of the seeds and then the following-up of the crops during 35 days allowed us to study the parameters of germination, growth and yield. The results obtained after monitoring revealed that the irradiation did not have any significant impact on germination and would appear to temporarily inhibit the growth rate compared to the control batch. However, the decrease in weight of the harvested seeds can be explained by the absence of fertilizer during the cultivation.

关键词： Peanuts Culture Irradiation X-Rays

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