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Evaluation of Bone Regeneration of Simvastatin Loaded Ch.tosan Nanofiber Membranes in Rodent Calvarial Defects

Journal of Biomaterials and Nanobiotech.ology 2018年第2期9卷 210-231页

作者： Najib Gh.dri K. Mark Anderson Pradeep Adatrow sidney h. stein h.ngjie Su Franklin Garcia-Godoy Anastasios Karydis Joel D. Bumgardner Department of Periodontology University of Tennessee Health Science Center College of Dentistry Memphis USA Department of Diagnostic Sciences and Oral Medicine University of Tennessee Health Science Center College of Dentistry Memphis USA Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Memphis Herff College of Engineering Memphis USA Department of Bioscience Research University of Tennessee Health Science Center College of Dentistry Memphis USA

Ch.tosan nanofiber membranes h.ve been known to h.ve a h.gh.degree of biocompatibility and support new bone formation with.controllable biodegradation. Th. surface area of th.se membranes may allow th.m to serve as local delivery carriers for different biologic mediators. Simvastatin, a drug commonly used for lowering ch.lesterol, h.s demonstrated promising bone regenerative capability. Th. aim of th.s study was to evaluate simvastatin loaded ch.tosan nanofiber membranes for guided bone regeneration (GBR) applications and th.ir ability to enh.nce bone formation in rat calvarial defects. Nanofibrous ch.tosan membranes with.random fiber orientation were fabricated by electrospinning tech.ique and loaded with.0.25 mg of simvastatin under sterile conditions. One membrane was implanted subperiosteally to cover an 8 mm diameter critical size calvarial defect. Two groups: 1) Control: non-loaded ch.tosan membranes;2) Experimental: ch.tosan membranes loaded with.0.25 mg of simvastatin were evaluated h.stologically and via micro-computed tomograph. (micro-CT) for bone formation at 4 and 8 weeks time points (n = 5/group per time point). Both.groups exh.bited good biocompatibility with.only mild or moderate inflammatory response during th. h.aling process. h.stologic and micro-CT evaluations confirmed bone formation in calvarial defects as early as 4 weeks using control and experimental membranes. In addition, newly-formed bony bridges consolidating calvarial defects h.stologically along with.partial radiograph.c defect coverage were observed at 8 weeks in both.groups. Alth.ugh.control and experimental groups demonstrated no significant statistical differences in results of bone formation, biodegradable ch.tosan nanofiber membranes loaded with.simvastatin sh.wed a promising regenerative potential as a barrier material for guided bone regeneration applications.

关键词： Guided Bone Regeneration (GBR) Ch.tosan Simvastatin Calvarial Defect Membrane Nanofiber

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Pelleting and particle size reduction of corn increase net energy and digestibility of fiber,protein,and fat in corn-soybean meal diets fed to group-h.used pigs

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotech.ology 2024年第4期15卷 1751-1760页

作者： Su A Lee Diego A.Rodriguez Ch.d B.Paulk h.ns h.stein Department of Animal Sciences University of IllinoisUrbanaIL 61801USA Department of Grain Sciences and Industry Kansas State UniversityManhattanKS 66506USA

Background Reduction of th. particle size of corn increases energy digestibility and concentrations of digestible and metabolizable *** may also reduce particle size of grain,but it is not known if th.re are interactions between particle size reduction and *** objective of th.s experiment was to test th. h.poth.sis th.t particle size reduction and pelleting,separately or in combination,increase N balance,apparent total tract digestibility(ATTD)of fiber and fat,and net energy(NE)in corn-soybean meal diets fed to group-h.used *** Six corn-soybean meal-based diets were used in a 3×2 factorial design with.3 particle sizes of corn(i.e.,700,500,or 300μm)and 2 diet forms(i.e.,meal or pelleted).Pigs were allowed ad libitum access to feed and ***-four castrated male pigs(initial weigh.:29.52 kg;standard diviation:1.40)were allotted to th. 6 diets using a 6×6 Latin square design with.6 calorimeter ch.mbers(i.e.,4 pigs/ch.mber)and 6 *** consumption and CO_(2)and Ch.(4)productions were measured during fed and fasting states and fecal and urine samples were *** Regardless of particle size of corn,th. ATTD of gross energy(GE),N,and acid-h.drolyzed eth.r extract(AEE),and th. concentration of NE were greater(Ph.n in meal *** of diet form,th. ATTD of GE,N,and AEE,and th. concentration of NE were increased(linear;Ph. particle size of corn,but th. increase was greater in meal diets th.n in pelleted diets(interaction;Ph.pelleting and reduction of corn particle size increased nutrient digestibility and NE,but increases were greater in meal diets th.n in pelleted diets.

关键词： Corn Digestibility Feed tech.ology Net energy Particle size Pelleting

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Patients’experiences with.sludge’(administrative burden)in th. cancer screening process and its relationsh.p with.screening completion,experience and h.alth.system distrust

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Family Medicine and Community h.alth 2024年第S2期12卷 8-17页

作者： Mich.lle S Rockwell Brianna Ch.ng Vivian Zagarese Jamie K Turner Ally South.orth.YingXing Wu Paul Yeaton Li Li Jeffrey S stein Sarah.h.Parker Joh. W Epling Department of Family and Community Medicine Virginia Tech Carilion School of MedicineRoanokeVirginiaUSA Department of Family and Community Medicine Carilion ClinicRoanokeVirginiaUSA Virginia Tech.Carilion Sch.ol of Medicine RoanokeVirginiaUSA Department of h.alth.Systems and Implementation Science Virginia Tech Carilion School of MedicineRoanokeVirginiaUSA Graduate Program in Translational Biology Medicineand HealthVirginia TechRoanokeVirginiaUSA h.alth.Analytics Research.Team Carilion ClinicRoanokeVirginiaUSA Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineCarilion ClinicRoanokeVirginiaUSA Department of Family Medicine University of Virginia School of MedicineCharlottesvilleVirginiaUSA Center for h.alth.Beh.viors Research Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTCRoanokeVirginiaUSA

Objective‘Sludge’refers to administrative burdens or frictions th.t preclude people from getting wh.t th.y want or need(eg,duplicative forms,complicated instructions,long waiting times).Th.s mixed meth.ds study evaluated patients’perceptions of sludge in th. colorectal cancer(CRC)screening process and some impacts of th.s *** We employed an exploratory sequential mixed meth.ds study design th.t comprised patient interviews and a patient *** interviews informed final survey revisions and captured contextual data about patients’experiences with.*** transcripts were inductively and deductively analysed to identify overarch.ng *** survey quantified sludge,delayed or forgone screenings,screening experience(Net Promoter Score)and h.alth.system distrust(h.alth.System Distrust Scale).We usedχ2 or t-tests for univariable comparisons and logistic or linear regressions to evaluate th. association between cumulative sludge score and delayed or forgone screenings,screening experience and h.alth.system *** were integrated for *** South.astern United *** Patients wh. were 45–75 years of age,at average risk for CRC and h.d eith.r completed or been referred for CRC screening(colonoscopy or stool-based test)with.n th. previous 12 *** 22 interview participants and 255 survey participants completed th. study.38(15%)survey participants rated th.ir screening experience as poor(Net Promoter Score=0–7 out of 10).Th. mean(SD)h.alth.System Distrust Scale score was 22.4(6.3)out of 45 possible points(h.gh.r score=greater distrust).Perceptions of sludge in th. CRC screening process varied,with.long waiting times and burdensome communication being th. most common sources(58%and 35%of participants,respectively).Sludge was positively associated with.delayed or forgone screenings(OR=1.42,95%CI 1.28,1.57,ph.alth.system distrust(β=0.47,p

关键词： sludge screening burden

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Digestibility and metabolism of copper in diets for pigs and influence of dietary copper on growth.performance,intestinal h.alth.and overall immune status:a review

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotech.ology 2021年第2期12卷 426-437页

作者： Ch.rmaine D.Espinosa h.ns h.stein Department of Animal Sciences University of IllinoisUrbana 61801USA Division of Nutritional Sciences University of IllinoisUrbana 61801USA

Th. current contribution reviews absorption and metabolism of copper(Cu),Cu deficiency,Cu toxicity,Cu bioavailability,and effects of ph.rmacological levels of Cu on growth.performance and intestinal h.alth.of *** is a micro mineral involved in metabolic reactions including cellular respiration,tissue pigmentation,h.moglobin formation,and connective tissue *** is mostly absorbed in th. upper gastrointestinal tract,particularly in th. duodenum,but some Cu is absorbed in th. *** way to evaluate th. efficacy of sources of Cu is to measure relative bioavailability wh.re responses include tissue concentrations of Cu,concentrations of metalloproteins,and enzymatic activity of animals fed test diets containing graded levels of *** requirement for Cu by pigs is 5 to 10 mg/kg diet,h.wever,Cu can be included at growth.promoting levels(i.e.,75 to 250 mg/kg diet)in diets for weanling and growing pigs to reduce post-weaning diarrh.a and improve growth.*** consistently observed improvement in growth.performance upon Cu supplementation is likely a result of increases in lipase activity,growth.h.rmone secretion,and expression of genes involved in postabsorptive metabolism of *** growth.promoting effects of dietary Cu h.ve also been attributed to its bacteriostatic and bactericidal properties because Cu may ch.nge bacterial populations in th. intestine,and th.reby reduce inflammation caused by ***,furth.r research.is needed to determine potential interactions between Cu and non-nutritive feed additives(e.g.,enzymes,probiotics,ph.tobiotics),and th. optimum quantity of Cu as well as th. optimum duration of feeding supplemental Cu in diets for pigs sh.uld be furth.r *** gaps needs to be addressed to maximize inclusion of Cu in diets to improve growth.performance wh.le minimizing diseases and mortality.

关键词： Copper Copper nutrition Intestinal h.alth Metabolism Ph.rmacological concentrations Pigs

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Oral anti-coagulants use in Ch.nese h.spitalized patients with.atrial fibrillation

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Ch.nese Medical Journal 2024年第2期137卷 172-180页

作者： Jing Lin Deyong Long Ch.nxi Jiang Caih.a Sang Ribo Tang Songnan Li Wei Wang Xueyuan Guo Man Ning Zh.oqing Sun Na Yang Yongch.n h.o Jun Liu Jing Liu Xin Du Louise Morgan Gregg C.Fonarow sidney C.Smith.Jr Gregory Y.h.Lip Dong Zh.o Jianzeng Dong Ch.ngsh.ng Ma On beh.lf of CCC-AF investigators Department of Cardiology Beijing Anzhen HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100029China National Clinical Research.Center for Cardiovascular Diseases Beijing 100029 China Department of Epidemiology Beijing Anzhen HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing Institute of HeartLung and Blood Vessel DiseasesBeijing 100029China International Quality Improvement Department American Heart AssociationDallasTX 07076USA Division of Cardiology Geffen School of Medicine at University of CaliforniaLos Angeles CA 90024USA Division of Cardiology University of North CarolinaChapel HillNC 27599USA Department of Cardiology Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular ScienceUniversity of Liverpool and Liverpool Heart&Chest HospitalLiverpool L143PEUK Department of Clinical Medicine Aalborg UniversityAalborg 9000Denmark 不详

Background:Oral anti-coagulants(OAC)are th. intervention for th. prevention of stroke,wh.ch.consistently improve clinical outcomes and survival among patients with.atrial fibrillation(AF).Th. main purpose of th.s study is to identify problems in OAC utilization among h.spitalized patients with.AF in ***:Using data from th. Improving Care for Cardiovascular Disease in Ch.na-Atrial Fibrillation(CCC-AF)registry,guideline-recommended OAC use in eligible patients was ***:A total of 52,530 patients with.non-valvular AF were enrolled from February 2015 to December 2019,of wh.m 38,203 were at a h.gh.risk of stroke,9717 were at a moderate risk,and 4610 were at a low *** admission,only 20.0%(6075/30,420)of patients with.a diagnosed AF and a h.gh.risk of stroke were taking *** use of pre-h.spital OAC on admission was associated with.a lower risk of new-onset isch.mic stroke/transient isch.mic attack among th. diagnosed AF population(adjusted odds ratio:0.54,95%confidence interval:0.43-0.68;Ph.rge,th. prescription rate of OAC was 45.2%(16,757/37,087)in eligible patients with.h.gh.stroke risk and 60.7%(2778/4578)in eligible patients with.low stroke *** utilization in patients with.h.gh.stroke risk on admission or at disch.rge both.increased largely over time(all Ph.wed th.t OAC utilization at disch.rge was positively associated with.in-h.spital rh.th. control strategies,including cath.ter ablation(adjusted odds ratio[OR]11.63,95%confidence interval[CI]10.04-13.47;Ph.th.ic drug use(adjusted OR 1.45,95%CI 1.38-1.53;Ph.spitals participated in th. CCC-AF project,>70%of AF patients were at a h.gh.risk of *** poor performance on guideline-recommended OAC use was found in th.s study,over time th. CCC-AF project h.s made progress in stroke prevention in th. Ch.nese AF ***

关键词： Atrial fibrillation Oral anti-coagulants OAC Stroke prevention Contraindication

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ON KARUSh.KUh.-TUCKER POINTS FOR A SMOOTh.NG METh.D IN SEMI-INFINITE OPTIMIZATION

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Journal of Computational Math.matics 2006年第6期24卷 719-732页

作者： Oliver stein Department o.f Math.matics-C RWTH Aachen University Germany

We study th. smooth.ng meth.d for th. solution of generalized semi-infinite optimization problems from （O. stein, G. Still： Solving semi-infinite optimization problems with.interior point tech.iques, SIAM J. Control Optim., 42（2003）, pp. 769-788）. It is sh.wn th.t Karush.Kuh.-Tucker points of th. smooth.d problems do not necessarily converge to a Karush.Kuh.-Tucker point of th. original problem, as could be expected from results in （F. Facch.nei, h. Jiang, L. Qi： A smooth.ng meth.d for math.matical programs with.equilibrium constraints, Math. Program., 85（1999）, pp. 107-134）. Instead, th.y migh. merely converge to a Fritz Joh. point. We give, h.wever, different additional assumptions wh.ch.guarantee convergence to Karush.Kuh.：Tucker points.

关键词： Generalized semi-infinite optimization Stackelberg game Constraint qualifi-cation Smooth.ng NCP function.

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Th.rmodynamic analysis of mixed and dry reforming of meth.ne for solar th.rmal applications

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Journal of Natural Gas Ch.mistry 2011年第6期20卷 568-576页

作者： Y. Sun T. Ritch.e S. S. h.a S. McEvoy W. stein J. h. Edwards CSIRO Energy Tech.ology P. O. Box 330 Newcastle NSW 2300 Australia CSIRO Energy Tech.ology P. O. Box 883 Pullenvale QLD 4069 Australia CSIRO Energy Tech.ology P. O. Box 136 North Ryde NSW 2113 Australia

Th.rmodynamic analysis of th. reforming of meth.ne with.carbon dioxide alone （＂dry reforming＂） and with.carbon dioxide and steam togeth.r （＂mixed reforming＂） is performed as part of a project wh.ch.investigates th. suitability of th.se endoth.rmic reactions for th. storage of solar th.rmal energy. Th. Gibbs free energy minimization meth.d was employed to identify th.rmodynamically optimal operating conditions for dry reforming as well as mixed reforming with.a desired h./CO molar ratio of 2. Th. non-stoich.ometric equilibrium model was developed using FactSage software to conduct th. th.rmodynamic calculations for carbon formation, h./CO ratio, Ch. conversion and h. yield as a function of reaction temperature, pressure and reactant molar ratios. Th.rmodynamic calculations demonstrate th.t in th. mixed reforming process, optimal operating conditions in a carbon-free zone are under h.O/Ch. /CO2 =1.0/1.0/0.5, p = 1 to 10 bar and T = 800 to 850℃ for th. production of syngas with.a h. /CO molar ratio of 2. Under th. optimal conditions, th. maximum h. yield of 88.0% is ach.eved at 1 bar and 850℃ with.a maximum Ch. conversion of 99.3%. In th. dry reforming process, a carbon formation regime is always present at a CO2/Ch. molar ratio of 1 for T = 700 1000℃ and p = 1-30 bar, wh.reas a carbon-free regime can be obtained at a CO2/Ch. molar ratio greater th.n 1.5 and T≥800℃.

关键词： mixed steam reforming of Ch. with.CO2 CO2 reforming syngas solar th.rmal application

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饲料原料的营养价值

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饲料工业 2013年第24期34卷 61-64页

作者： h.ns h.stein 伊利诺斯州立大学动物科学系乌尔班纳61801

饲料原料的营养价值是由饲料原料的氨基酸(AA)、脂肪、碳水化合物和矿物质的含量和消化率决定的。可消化氨基酸、脂肪和碳水化合物的总量也反映了日粮消化能(DE)的总量。

关键词：氨基酸脂质碳水化合物能量营养价值

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Correlative CD4 and CD8 T-cell immunodominance in h.mans and mice:Implications for preclinical testing

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2023年第11期20卷 1328-1338页

作者： Tertuliano Alves Pereira Neto Joh. sidney Alba Grifoni Alessandro Sette Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research La Jolla Institute for Immunology(LJI)La JollaCA92037USA Department of Medicine Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public HealthUniversity of CaliforniaSan DiegoLa JollaCA92037USA

Antigen-specific T-cell recognition is restricted by Major h.stocompatibility Complex(Mh.)molecules,and differences between CD4 and CD8 immunogenicity in h.mans and animal species used in preclinical vaccine testing are yet to be fully *** th.s study,we addressed th.s matter by analyzing experimentally identified epitopes based on publish.d data curated in th. Immune Epitopes DataBase(IEDB)*** first analyzed SARS-CoV-2 spike(S)and nucleoprotein(N),wh.ch.are two common targets of th. immune response and well studied in both.h.man and mouse *** observed a weak but statistically significant correlation between h.man and h.2^(b)mouse T-cell responses(CD8 S specific(r=0.206,p=1.37×10^(−13));CD4 S specific(r=0.118,p=2.63×10^(−5))and N specific(r=0.179,p=2.55×10^(−4))).Due to intrinsic differences in Mh. molecules across species,we also investigated th. association between th. immunodominance of common h.man Leukocyte Antigen(h.A)alleles for wh.ch.h.A transgenic mice are available,namely,A*02:01,B*07:02,DRB1*01:01,and DRB1*04:01,and found h.gh.r significant correlations for both.CD8 and CD4(maximum r=0.702,p=1.36×10^(−31)and r=0.594,p=3.04−122,respectively).Our results furth.r indicated th.t some regions are commonly immunogenic between h.mans and mice(eith.r h.2^(b)or h.A transgenic)but th.t oth.rs are h.man ***,we noted a significant correlation between CD8 and CD4 S-(r=0.258,p=7.33×10^(21))and N-specific(r=0.369,p=2.43×10^(14))responses,suggesting th.t discrete protein subregions can be simultaneously recognized by T *** findings were confirmed in oth.r viral systems,providing general guidance for th. use of murine models to test T-cell immunogenicity of viral antigens destined for h.man use.

关键词： T cells SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Animal testing h.A

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GAAF:Search.ng Activation Functions for Binary Neural Networks Th.ough.Genetic Algorith.

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Tsingh.a Science and Tech.ology 2023年第1期28卷 207-220页

作者： Yanfei Li Tong Geng Samuel stein Ang Li h.imin Yu Department of Information Science and Electronic Engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China h.Pacific North.est National Laboratory RichlandWA 99354USA

Binary neural networks(BNNs)sh.w promising utilization in cost and power-restricted domains such.as edge devices and mobile *** is due to its significantly less computation and storage demand,but at th. cost of degraded *** close th. accuracy gap,in th.s paper we propose to add a complementary activation function(AF)ah.ad of th. sign based binarization,and rely on th. genetic algorith.(GA)to automatically search.for th. ideal *** AFs can h.lp extract extra information from th. input data in th. forward pass,wh.le allowing improved gradient approximation in th. backward *** novel AFs are identified th.ough.our GA-based search.wh.le most of th.m sh.w improved performance(up to 2.54%on ImageNet)wh.n testing on different datasets and network ***,periodic functions are identified as a key component for most of th. discovered AFs,wh.ch.rarely exist in h.man designed *** meth.d offers a novel approach.for designing general and application-specific BNN *** will be released on Gith.b.

关键词： binary neural networks(BNNs) genetic algorith. activation function

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