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Loss of disabled-2 expression is an early event in esophageal squamous tumorigenesis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第37期12卷 6041-6045页

作者： Kumar Anupam Chatopadhyay Tusharkant siddhartha Datta Gupta Ralhan Ranju Department of Biochemistry All India Institute of Medical Sciences Ansari Nagar New Delhi 110029 India Department of GI Surgery All India Institute of Medical Sciences Ansari Nagar New Delhi 110029 India Department of Pathology All India Institute of Medical Sciences Ansari Nagar New Delhi 110029 India

AIM: Disabled-2 (DAB2) is a candidate tumor-suppressor gene identified in ovarian cancer that negatively influences mitogenic signal transduction of growth factors and blocks ras activity. In a recent study, we observed down-regulation of DAB2 transcripts in ESCCs using cDNA microarrays. In the present study, we aimed to determine the clinical significance of loss of DAB2 protein in esophageal tumorigenesis, hypothesizing that DAB2 promoter hypermethylation-mediated gene silencing may account for loss of the protein. METHODS: DAB2 expression was analyzed by immunohistochemistry in 50 primary esophageal squamous cell carcinomas (ESCCs), 30 distinct hyperplasia, 15 dysplasia and 10 non-malignant esophageal tissues. To determine whether promoter hypermethylation contributes to loss of DAB2 expression in ESCCs, methylation status of DAB2 promoter was analyzed in DAB2 immuno-negative tumors using methylation-specifi c PCR. RESULTS: Loss of DAB2 protein was observed in 5/30 (17%) hyperplasia, 10/15 (67%) dysplasia and 34/50 (68%) ESCCs. Significant loss of DAB2 protein was observed from esophageal normal mucosa to hyperplasia, dysplasia and invasive cancer (Ptrend < 0.001). Promoter hypermethylation of DAB2 was observed in 2 of 10 (20%) DAB2 immuno-negative ESCCs. CONCLUSION: Loss of DAB2 protein expression occurs in early pre-neoplastic stages of development of esophageal cancer and is sustained down the tumorigenic pathway. Infrequent DAB2 promoter methylation in ESCCs suggests that epigenetic genesilencing is only one of the mechanisms causing loss of DAB2 expression in ESCCs.

关键词： Disabled-2 DOC-2 Esophageal cancer Promoter hypermethylation Dysplasia

Microbial leaching of chromite overburden from Sukinda mines,Orissa,India using Aspergillus niger

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2013年第8期20卷 705-712页

作者： Supratim Biswas Saikat Samanta Rajib Dey siddhartha Mukherjee Pataki C.Banerjee Department of Metallurgical and Material Engineering Jadavpur UniversityKolkata-700032India School of Materials Science and Nanotechnology Jadavpur UniversityKolkata-700032India

Leaching of nickel and cobalt from two physical grades （S1, 125-190 μm, coarser and S3, 53-75 μm, finer） of chromite overburden was achieved by treating the overburden （2% pulp density） with 21-d culture filtrate of an Aspergillus niger strain grown in sucrose medium. Metal dissolution increases with ore roasting at 600℃ and decreasing particle size due to the alteration of microstructural properties involving the conversion of goethite to hematite and the increase in surface area and porosity as evident from X-ray diffraction （XRD）, thermogravimetry-differential thermal analysis （DT- TGA）, and field emission scanning electron microscopy （FESEM）. About 65% Ni and 59% Co were recovered from the roasted S3 ore employing bioleaching against 26.87% Ni and 31.3% Co using an equivalent amount of synthetic oxalic acid under identical conditions. The results suggest that other fungal metabolites in the culture filtrate played a positive role in the bioleaching process, making it an efficient green approach in Ni and Co recovery from lateritic chromite overburden.

关键词： nickeliferous laterite bioleaching Aspergillus niger chromite nickel metallurgy cobalt metallurgy

Niche breadth and overlap of spotted deer and domestic cattle with swamp deer in tropical region of Nepal

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Ecological Processes 2022年第1期11卷 238-247页

作者： siddhartha Regmi Bijaya Neupane Bijaya Dhami Deepak Gautam Saroj Panthi Megharaj Poudel Institute of Forestry Tribhuvan University44107 HetaudaNepal Institute of Forestry Tribhuvan University33700 PokharaNepal School of Ecology and Nature Conservation Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China Ministry of Forest Environment and Soil ConservationPokhara 33700GandakiNepal Ministry of Forests and Environment Forest Research and Training CenterKathmandu 44600Nepal Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry University of Helsinki00014 HelsinkiFinland

Background:Knowledge about the niche overlap among wild species and domestic cattle is helpful to conserve and manage *** assessed the habitat niche breadth and overlap of sympatrically living spotted deer(Axis axis)and domestic cattle with swamp deer(Cervus duvaucelii)in Shuklaphanta National Park,Nepal during the dry season to explore the possibility of interspecific competition by studying the habitat use by these *** assumption was made that the presence of pellets is proof of habitat used by ***:Grids of 2 km×2 km have four subgrids,each with four sample plots,making a total of 16 plots(20 m×20 m)in each *** size of each sub-grid was 200 m×200 m and they were placed randomly inside the grid but at least 1 km apart from one *** data was collected in a 96 plots in ***’s niche breadth and Morisita’s overlap index were calculated to determine the niche breadth and the habitat overlap,***:The Levin’s measure of niche breadth suggested that spotted deer had the highest acclimatization with an index value of 0.94,followed by domestic cattle at 0.50,and swamp deer at 0.33 in our study ***,our findings supported the evidence that spotted deer are habitat generalists,whereas swamp deer are habitat *** swamp deer had lower niche breadth and more overlap with domestic ***:Our study showed the least niche breadth of swamp deer in comparison to spotted deer and domestic *** domestic cattle had the highest and least niche overlap with spotted deer and swamp deer,respectively,in terms of habitat *** study suggests that domestic cattle grazing should be stopped,and grassland management should be carried out for the benefit of *** studies should be conducted,including different seasons and places,prior to appropriate habitat *** addition,further studies are needed to quantify the extent of interspecific competition by incorporating more species.

关键词： Generalist Levin’s niche breadth Morisita’s overlap index Spatial overlap Habitat specialist

Opto-thermoelectric microswimmers

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Light(Science & Applications) 2020年第1期9卷 674-685页

作者： Xiaolei Peng Zhihan Chen Pavana siddhartha Kollipara Yaoran Liu Jie Fang Linhan Lin Yuebing Zheng Materials Science&Engineering Program and Texas Materials Institute The University of Texas at AustinAustinTX 78712USA Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Texas at AustinAustinTX 78712USA State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments Department of Precision InstrumentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084People’s Republic of China

Inspired by the“run-and-tumble”behaviours of Escherichia coli(***)cells,we develop opto-thermoelectric *** microswimmers are based on dielectric-Au Janus particles driven by a self-sustained electrical field that arises from the asymmetric optothermal response of the *** illumination by a defocused laser beam,the Janus particles exhibit an optically generated temperature gradient along the particle surfaces,leading to an opto-thermoelectrical field that propels the *** further discover that the swimming direction is determined by the particle *** enable navigation of the swimmers,we propose a new optomechanical approach to drive the in-plane rotation of Janus particles under a temperature-gradient-induced electrical field using a focused laser *** the rotation laser beam allows us to position the particles at any desired orientation and thus to actively control the swimming direction with high *** incorporating dark-field optical imaging and a feedback control algorithm,we achieve automated propelling and navigation of the *** optothermoelectric microswimmers could find applications in the study of opto-thermoelectrical coupling in dynamic colloidal systems,active matter,biomedical sensing,and targeted drug delivery.

关键词： rotation illumination beam

Plasma cathepsin L:A prognostic marker for pancreatic cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第46期20卷 17532-17540页

作者： Nidhi Singh Prasenjit Das Surabhi Gupta Vikas Sachdev siddhartha Srivasatava siddhartha Datta Gupta Ravindra Mohan Pandey Peush Sahni Shyam S Chauhan Anoop Saraya Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutrition All India Institute of Medical SciencesNew Delhi 110029India Deparment of Pathology All India Institute of Medical SciencesNew Delhi 110029India Department of Biostatistics All India Institute of Medical SciencesNew Delhi 110029India Department of GI Surgery All India Institute of Medical SciencesNew Delhi 110029India Department of Biochemistry All India Institute of Medical SciencesNew Delhi110029India

AIM: To assess the prognostic significance of cathepsin L, a cysteine protease that degrades the peri-tumoral tissue, in patients with pancreatic cancer.

关键词： Cathepsin L Pancreatic cancer Overall median survival Plasma

Opto-thermoelectric pulling of light-absorbing particles

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Light(Science & Applications) 2020年第1期9卷 1686-1696页

作者： Linhan Lin Pavana siddhartha Kollipara Abhay Kotnala Taizhi Jiang Yaoran Liu Xiaolei Peng Brian A.Korgel Yuebing Zheng Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Texas at AustinAustinTX 78712USA Materials Science&Engineering Program and Texas Materials Institute The University of Texas at AustinAustinTX 78712USA State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments Department of Precision InstrumentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084People’s Republic of China McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering The University of Texas at AustinAustinTX 78712USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of Texas at AustinAustinTX 78712USA

Optomechanics arises from the photon momentum and its exchange with low-dimensional *** is well known that optical radiation exerts pressure on objects,pushing them along the light ***,optical pulling of an object against the light path is still a counter-intuitive ***,we present a general concept of optical pulling-opto-thermoelectric pulling(OTEP)—where the optical heating of a light-absorbing particle using a simple plane wave can pull the particle itself against the light *** irradiation orientation-directed pulling force imparts self-restoring behaviour to the particles,and three-dimensional(3D)trapping of single particles is achieved at an extremely low optical intensity of 10^(−2)mWμm^(−2).Moreover,the OTEP force can overcome the short trapping range of conventional optical tweezers and optically drive the particle flow up to a macroscopic *** concept of selfinduced opto-thermomechanical coupling is paving the way towards freeform optofluidic technology and lab-on-achip devices.

关键词： absorbing light trapping

Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Epigenomes Exhibit Altered DNA Methylation in Smokers and Neversmokers

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2023年第5期21卷 991-1013页

作者： Jennifer A.Karlow Erica C.Pehrsson Xiaoyun Xing Mark Watson siddhartha Devarakonda Ramaswamy Govindan Ting Wang Department of Genetics Washington University School of MedicineSt.LouisMO 63110USA The Edison Family Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology Washington University School of MedicineSt.LouisMO 63110USA Department of Pathology and Immunology Washington University School of MedicineSt.LouisMO 63110USA Department of Medicine Washington University School of MedicineSt.LouisMO 63110USA McDonnell Genome Institute Washington University School of MedicineSt.LouisMO 63108USA

Epigenetic alterations are widespread in cancer and can complement genetic alterations to influence cancer progression and treatment *** determine the potential contribution of DNA methylation alterations to tumor phenotype in non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)in both smoker and never-smoker patients,we performed genome-wide profiling of DNA methylation in 17 primary NSCLC tumors and 10 matched normal lung samples using the complementary assays,methylated DNA immunoprecipitation sequencing(MeDIP-seq)and methylation sensitive restric-tion enzyme sequencing(MRE-seq).We reported recurrent methylation changes in the promoters of several genes,many previously implicated in cancer,including FAM83A and SEPT9(hy-pomethylation),as well as PCDH7,NKX2-1,and SOX17(hypermethylation).Although many methylation changes between tumors and their paired normal samples were shared across patients,several were specific to a particular smoking *** example,never-smokers displayed a greater proportion of hypomethylated differentially methylated regions(hypoDMRs)and a greater number of recurrently hypomethylated promoters,including those of ASPSCRI,TOP2A,DPP9,and USP39,all previously linked to *** outside of promoters were also widespread and often recurrent,particularly methylation loss over repetitive elements,highly enriched for ERV1 *** hypoDMRs were enriched for several transcription factor binding motifs,often for genes involved in signaling and cell *** example,71%of recurrent promoter hypoDMRs contained a motif for ***,the majority of DMRs were located within an active chromatin state in tissues profiled using the Roadmap Epigenomics data,suggesting that methylation changes may contribute to altered regulatory programs through the adaptation of cell type-specific expression programs.

关键词： Non-small cell lung cancer Epigenomics M&M methylCRF DNA methylation

Intestinal barrier function and metabolic/liver diseases

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Liver Research 2020年第2期4卷 81-87页

作者： siddhartha S.Ghosh Jing Wang Paul J.Yannie Shobha Ghosh Department of Internal Medicine Virginia Commonwealth University Medical CenterRichmondVAUSA Hunter Homes McGuire Veterans Affairs Medical Center RichmondVAUSA

Dietary,environmental or genetic changes contribute to the development of several metabolic and neurological *** research efforts have been directed towards examining how these fac-tors modulate gut bacterial ***,the mechanisms by which changes in gut bacterial diversity affect host function are not completely *** barrier dysfunction is being increasingly recognized as an early or initiating step in communicating bacterial diversity-dependent changes to the ***,we review the functional composition of the intestinal barrier and describe the consequences of the breach of this *** functional layers of the intestinal barrier provide an initial defense and prevent the infiltration of bacteria or bacterial products from the gut lumen to the underlying lamina *** lymph nodes subsequently act as the first firewall where dendritic cells from the lamina propria transport the infiltrated bacteria or bacterial products during the early stages of barrier *** overwhelmed,the liver functions as the second firewall to detoxify bacterial endotoxins,such as lipopolysaccharide(LPS),and limit systemic *** translocation of LPS from the leaky gut to the liver results in liver damage or dysfunction that leads to the development of type 2 diabetes,atherosclerosis,heart disease,heart failure and also neurological dis-eases,such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s ***,targeted restoration of intestinal barrier function represents a novel strategy for the attenuation of multiple diseases.

关键词： Intestinal barrier Liver dysfunction Lipopolysaccharide(LPS) Inflammation Gut-liver axis

The Golden Spice Turmeric (<i>Curcuma longa</i>) and Its Feasible Benefits in Prospering Human Health—A Review

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2021年第3期12卷 455-475页

作者： Jyoti Prakash Sahoo Laxmipreeya Behera Jannila Praveena Shraddha Sawant Ankita mishra siddhartha Shankar Sharma Lipi Ghosh Ambika Prasad mishra Asit Ranjan Sahoo Pranay Pradhan Subhasmita Sahu Ankit Moharana Kailash Chandra Samal Department of Agricultural Biotechnology Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology Bhubaneswar India Department of Fruit Science and Horticulture Technology Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology Bhubaneswar India Department of Plant Pathology Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology Bhubaneswar India Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology Bhubaneswar India Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding and Seed Science & Technology Centurion University of Technology and Management Parlakhemundi India School of Development Studies Tata Institute of Social Sciences Mumbai India Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry Faculty of Agriculture Sri Sri University Cuttack India Department of Nematology Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology Bhubaneswar India Department of Floriculture and Landscaping Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology Bhubaneswar India Department of Seed Science and Technology Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology Bhubaneswar India

From the evolution of the mankind, Turmeric has been used in conventional medication. India is in lead for producing, marketing and exporting the Turmeric and its value added products. Curcuma longa (Turmeric) is an Indian rhizomatous medicinal herb from the Zingiberaceae family that is common and widely available across the globe. The components of Turmeric are curcumin, demethoxycurcumin and bisdemethoxycurcumin and these are collectively known as curcuminoids. Curcumin, the active ingredient of Turmeric is generally investigated by the scientific community for its wide range of antioxidant activity, anti-Inflammatory properties and anti-cancer activity, anti-metabolic syndrome activities, neuroprotective activity, antimicrobial effects, anti-arthritis effects, anti-viral effects, anti-asthma and anti-diabetic effects, anti-obesity, cardio and liver toxicity protection activity, anti-depression and anxiety activities. Turmeric has been widely used as a typical household treatment for cough, sore throat, respiratory ailments and could be an effective immunity booster against SARS-CoV-2 therapy during the ongoing pandemic situation. Safety evaluation studies indicate that both turmeric and curcumin are well tolerated at a very high dose without any toxic effects. Thus, turmeric and its constituents have the potential for the development of modern medicine for the treatment of various diseases. So in this review, we describe the various metabolic roles of curcumin and activities for the benefit of human health.

关键词： Turmeric Plant Extracts Curcumin Medicinal Properties SARS-CoV-2 Immunity