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Can serum immunoglobulin G4 levels and age serve as reliable predictors of relapse in autoimmune pancreatitis?

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第5期30卷 512-515页

作者： Jun-Min Song si-Yu sun Department of Gastroenterology Shengjing Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyang 110004Liaoning ProvinceChina

We are writing in response to the paper published in the World Journal of Gastroenterology by Zhou et al.The authors identified higher serum immunoglobulin(Ig)G4 levels and age over 55 years as independent risk factors for disease relapse.Despite notable strengths,it is crucial to address potential biases.Firstly,the cohort study included 189 patients with autoimmune pancreatitis(AIP)type 1(with higher IgG4 seropositivity and higher relapse)and 24 with type 2(with lower IgG4 seropositivity and lower relapse).Consequently,most,if not all,AIP type 2 patients were assigned to the normal group,possibly inflating the association of higher serum IgG4 levels with relapse and potentially exaggerating the association of older age with relapse.Secondly,the authors did not provide sufficient details regarding AIP diagnosis,such as the ratio of definitive vs probable cases and the proportion of biopsies.In cases where histological evidence is unavailable or indeterminate,AIP type 2 may be misdiagnosed as definitive type 1,and type 1 may also be misdiagnosed as probable type 2,particularly in cases with normal or mildly elevated serum IgG4 levels.Lastly,in this retrospective study,approximately one-third of the consecutive patients initially collected were excluded for various reasons.Accordingly,the impact of nonrandom exclusion on relapse outcomes should be carefully considered.In conclusion,the paper by Zhou et al offers plausible,though not entirely compelling,evidence suggesting a predictive role of elevated serum IgG4 levels and advanced age in AIP relapse.The foundation for future investigations lies in ensuring a reliable diagnosis and accurate disease subtyping,heavily dependent on obtaining histological specimens.In this regard,endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle biopsy emerges as a pivotal component of the diagnostic process,contributing to mitigating biases in future explorations of the disease.

关键词： Autoimmune pancreatitis Immunoglobulin Endoscopic ultrasound Relapse Age

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Ferrihydrite transformation impacted by coprecipitation of lignin:Inhibition or facilitation?

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第5期139卷 23-33页

作者： Lin Liu Zhihui Yang Weichun Yang Wen Jiang qi Liao Mengying si Feiping Zhao School of Metallurgy and Environment Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control&Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution(CNERC-CTHMP) Changsha 410083China

Lignin is a common soil organic matter that is present in soils,but its effect on the transformation of ferrihydrite(Fh)remains unclear.Organic matter is generally assumed to inhibit Fh transformation.However,lignin can reduce Fh to Fe(Ⅱ),in which Fe(Ⅱ)-catalyzed Fh transformation occurs.Herein,the effects of lignin on Fh transformation were investigated at 75℃ as a function of the lignin/Fh mass ratio(0-0.2),pH(4-8)and aging time(0-96 hr).The results of Fh-lignin samples(mass ratios=0.1)aged at different pH values showed that for Fh-lignin the time of Fh transformation into secondary crystalline minerals was significantly shortened at pH 6 when compared with pure Fh,and the Fe(Ⅱ)-accelerated transformation of Fh was strongly dependent on pH.Under pH 6,at low lignin/Fh mass ratios(0.05-0.1),the time of secondary mineral formation decreased with increasing lignin content.For high lignosulfonate-content material(lignin:Fh=0.2),Fh did not transform into secondary minerals,indicating that lignin content plays a major role in Fh transformation.In addition,lignin affected the pathway of Fh transformation by inhibiting goethite formation and facilitating hematite formation.The effect of coprecipitation of lignin on Fh transformation should be useful in understanding the complex iron and carbon cycles in a soil environment.

关键词： Ferrihydrite transformation Lignin Hematite Goethite Fe(Ⅱ)-catalyzed Reactive Fe(Ⅲ)species

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Gut microbiota and female health

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第12期30卷 1655-1662页

作者： Meng-Yao Wang Li-Xuan Sang si-Yu sun Department of Gastroenterology Shengjing Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyang 110022Liaoning ProvinceChina Department of Gastroenterology Endoscopic CenterEngineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Minimally Invasive Gastrointestinal Endoscopic TechniquesShengjing Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyang 110004Liaoning ProvinceChina

The gut microbiota is recognized as an endocrine organ with the capacity to influence distant organs and associated biological pathways.Recent advan-cements underscore the critical role of gut microbial homeostasis in female health;with dysbiosis potentially leading to diseases among women such as polycystic ovarian syndrome,endometriosis,breast cancer,cervical cancer,and ovarian cancer etc.Despite this,there has been limited discussion on the underlying mechanisms.This editorial explores the three potential mechanisms through which gut microbiota dysbiosis may impact the development of diseases among women,namely,the immune system,the gut microbiota-estrogen axis,and the metabolite pathway.We focused on approaches for treating diseases in women by addressing gut microbiota imbalances through probiotics,prebiotics supple-mentation,and fecal microbiota transplantation(FMT).Future studies should focus on determining the molecular mechanisms underlying associations between dysbiosis of gut microbiota and female diseases to realize precision medicine,with FMT emerging as a promising intervention.

关键词： Gut microbiota Female health Estrogen Polycystic ovarian syndrome Endometriosis

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Rapid Unconscious Acquisition of Conditioned Fear with Low-Spatial-Frequency but Emotionally Neutral Stimuli

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Research 2024年第1期2023卷 753-762页

作者： Yujie Chen si Chen Zhongju sun Xilei Zhang Xiangyong Yuan Liang Wang Yi Jiang State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence TechnologyInstitute of PsychologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Department of Psychology University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Chinese Institute for Brain Research Beijing 102206China CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health Institute of PsychologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

It has long been proposed that emotionally“prepared”(i.e.,fear-related)stimuli are privileged in the unconscious acquisition of conditioned fear.However,as fear processing is suggested to highly depend on the coarse,low-spatial-frequency(LSF)components of the fear-related stimuli,it is plausible that LSF may play a unique role in the unconscious fear conditioning even with emotionally neutral stimuli.Here,we provided empirical evidence that,following classical fear conditioning,an invisible,emotionally neutral conditioned stimulus(CS+)with LSF,but not with high spatial frequency(HSF),can rapidly elicit stronger skin conductance responses(SCRs)and larger pupil diameters than its CS−counterpart.In comparison,consciously perceived emotionally neutral CS+with LSF and HSF elicited comparable SCRs.Taken together,these results support that the unconscious fear conditioning does not necessarily entail emotionally prepared stimuli but prioritizes LSF information processing and highlight the crucial distinctions between the unconscious and the conscious fear learning.These findings not only coincide with the postulation that a rapid,spatial-frequency-dependent subcortical route is engaged in unconscious fear processing but also suggest the existence of multiple routes for conscious fear processing.

关键词： neutral necessarily diameters

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Efficacy and safety of Yangxinshi tablet for chronic heart failure:A systematic review and meta-analysis

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第13期12卷 2218-2230页

作者： Sheng-Hua Lu Yun-Feng Yu si-si Dai Ya-qi Hu Jian-He Liu The First Clinical College of Chinese Medicine Hunan University of Chinese MedicineChangsha 410007Hunan ProvinceChina Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese MedicineChangsha 410007Hunan ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND The specific benefits of Yangxinshi tablet(YXST)in the treating chronic heart failure(CHF)remain uncertain.AIM To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of YXST in the treatment of CHF.METHODS Randomized controlled trials(RCTs)investigating YXST for CHF treatment were retrieved from eight public databases up to November 2023.Meta-analyses of the included clinical studies were conducted using Review Manager 5.3.RESULTS Twenty RCTs and 1845 patients were included.The meta-analysis results showed that the YXST combination group,compared to the conventional drug group,significantly increased the clinical efficacy rate by 23%[relative risk(RR)=1.23,95%CI:1.17-1.29],(Psignificant publication bias(P=0.557).CONCLUsiON YXST effectively improves clinical symptoms and cardiac function in patients with CHF while maintaining a favorable safety profile,suggesting its potential as a therapeutic strategy for CHF.

关键词： Yangxinshi tablet Chronic heart failure Cardiac function Systematic evaluation Meta-analysis

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Sustained release of vascular endothelial growth factor A and basic fibroblast growth factor from nanofiber membranes reduces oxygen/glucose deprivation-induced injury to neurovascular units

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第4期19卷 887-894页

作者： Yifang Wu Jun sun qi Lin Dapeng Wang Jian Hai Department of Neurosurgery Tongji HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji University Department of Pharmacy Institute of Medical SciencesShanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine

Upregulation of vascular endothelial growth factor A/basic fibroblast growth factor(VEGFA/b FGF)expression in the penumbra of cerebral ischemia can increase vascular volume,reduce lesion volume,and enhance neural cell proliferation and differentiation,thereby exerting neuroprotective effects.However,the beneficial effects of endogenous VEGFA/b FGF are limited as their expression is only transiently increased.In this study,we generated multilayered nanofiber membranes loaded with VEGFA/b FGF using layer-by-layer self-assembly and electrospinning techniques.We found that a membrane containing 10 layers had an ideal ultrastructure and could efficiently and stably release growth factors for more than 1 month.This 10-layered nanofiber membrane promoted brain microvascular endothelial cell tube formation and proliferation,inhibited neuronal apoptosis,upregulated the expression of tight junction proteins,and improved the viability of various cellular components of neurovascular units under conditions of oxygen/glucose deprivation.Furthermore,this nanofiber membrane decreased the expression of Janus kinase-2/signal transducer and activator of transcription-3(JAK2/STAT3),Bax/Bcl-2,and cleaved caspase-3.Therefore,this nanofiber membrane exhibits a neuroprotective effect on oxygen/glucose-deprived neurovascular units by inhibiting the JAK2/STAT3 pathway.

关键词： brain ischemia brain microvascular endothelial cell nanofiber membrane neurovascular unit

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Global Zero-relaxation Limit Problem of the Electro-diffusion Model Arising in Electro-Hydrodynamics

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Acta Mathematicae Applicatae sinica 2024年第1期40卷 241-268页

作者： Ming-hua Yang si-ming Huang Jin-yi sun Department of Mathematics Jiangxi University of Finance and EconomicsNanchang330032China School of Public Administration Guangdong University of Foreign StudiesGuangzhou510006China College of Mathematics and Statistics Northwest Normal UniversityLanzhou730070China

In this paper,we study a global zero-relaxation limit problem of the electro-diffusion model arising in electro-hydrodynamics which is the coupled Planck-Nernst-Poisson and Navier-Stokes equations.That is,the paper deals with a singular limit problem of{u^(∈)_(t)+u^(∈)·▽u^(∈)-Δu^(∈)+▽P^(∈)=Δφ^(∈)▽φ^(∈),in R^(3)×(0,∞),▽·u^(∈)=0,in R^(3)×(0,∞),n^(∈)_(t)+u^(∈)·▽n^(∈)-Δn^(∈)=-▽·(n^(∈)▽φ^(∈)),in R^(3)×(0,∞),ct+u^(∈)·▽c^(∈)-Δc^(∈)=▽·(c^(∈)▽φ^(∈)),in R^(3)×(0,∞),∈^(-1)φ^(∈)_(t)=Δφ^(∈)-n^(∈)+c^(∈),in R^(3)×(0,∞),(u^(∈),n^(∈),c^(∈),φ^(∈))|t=0=(u0,n0,c0,φ0),in R^(3) involving with a positive,large parameter^(∈).The present work show a case that(u^(∈),n^(∈),c^(∈))stabilizes to(u^(∞),n∞,c∞):=(u,n,c)uniformly with respect to the time variable as^(∈)→+∞with respect to the strong topology in a certain Fourier-Herz space.

关键词： fourier-Herz space littlewood-Paley decomposition stability limit dissipative system

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Implication of community-level ecophysiological parameterization to modelling ecosystem productivity:a case study across nine contrasting forest sites in eastern China

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Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第1期35卷 1-11页

作者： Minzhe Fang Changjin Cheng Nianpeng He Guoxin si Osbert Jianxin sun School of Ecology and Nature Conservation Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China Research Institute of Energy Saving Environmental ProtectionOccupational Safety and HealthChina Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation LimitedBeijing 100081China Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

Parameterization is a critical step in modelling ecosystem dynamics.However,assigning parameter values can be a technical challenge for structurally complex natural plant communities;uncertainties in model simulations often arise from inappropriate model parameterization.Here we compared five methods for defining community-level specific leaf area(SLA)and leaf C:N across nine contrasting forest sites along the North-South Transect of Eastern China,including biomass-weighted average for the entire plant community(AP_BW)and four simplified selective sampling(biomass-weighted average over five dominant tree species[5DT_BW],basal area weighted average over five dominant tree species[5DT_AW],biomass-weighted average over all tree species[AT_BW]and basal area weighted average over all tree species[AT_AW]).We found that the default values for SLA and leaf C:N embedded in the Biome-BGC v4.2 were higher than the five computational methods produced across the nine sites,with deviations ranging from 28.0 to 73.3%.In addition,there were only slight deviations(simplified selective sampling methods,and no significant difference between the predictions of AT_BW and AP_BW except the Shennongjia site.The findings in this study highlights the critical importance of computational strategies for community-level parameterization in ecosystem process modelling,and will support the choice of parameterization methods.

关键词： Biome-BGC Community traits Forest Ecosystems Model parameterization

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Tendencies of alloyed engineering in BiOX-based photocatalysts:a state-of-the-art review

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Rare Metals 2024年第4期43卷 1488-1512页

作者： Yan-Dong sun Chao Zeng Xue Zhang Zi-qi Zhang Bo Yang Sheng-qi Guo Tianjin Key Laboratory of Clean Energy and Pollutant Control School of Energy and Environmental EngineeringHebei University of Technology State-Province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Zeolite Membrane Materials Institute of Advanced MaterialsCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringJiangxi Normal University Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pollutant Sensitive Materials and Environmental Remediation School of Physics and Electronic InformationAnhui Province Industrial Generic Technology Research Center for Alumics MaterialsHuaibei Normal University

Energy-saving and environmentally friendly photocatalysis has emerged as a popular research area in response to issues with energy scarcity and environmental degradation.Due to the unique layer-like structure,BiOX（Cl,Br,I） is frequently used in photocatalysis.However,inherent flaws in BiOX,such as an inappropriate band gap and low carrier separation efficiency,restrict its capacity for photocatalysis.Owing to the tunable grouping layer,alloying engineering is employed to optimize the intrinsic properties of BiOX and alloyed BiOX becomes a promising photocatalytic material.This review describes the structure of BiOX,where tunable halogen layers provide favorable conditions for the implementation of alloying engineering to improve intrinsic properties.The article compares the effects and mechanisms of alloying engineering on the optimization of the energy band structure and carrier behavior of BiOX,and lists various modification methods used to improve the optimization of the intrinsic properties by alloying engineering,including defect engineering,morphology control as well as the synergy between alloying and other modification methods（bismuth-rich strategies,cation doping,construction of heterojunctions and plasma resonance effects）.Subsequently,applications of alloyed BiOX in energy and environmental fields are summarized,including contaminant degradation,antibacterial,CO2reduction,nitrogen fixation and organic synthesis.Finally,we summarize the current challenges and future directions of alloyed BiOX.It is expected that this work will provide guidance and assistance for an in-depth study and understanding of the mechanisms of alloying engineering to optimize intrinsic properties and design alloyed BiOX with higher photocatalytic activity.

关键词： Bismuth oxyhalide Photocatalytic Alloyed engineering Microstructural regulation Application

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dECM restores macrophage immune homeostasis and alleviates iron overload to promote DTPI healing

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Regenerative Biomaterials 2024年第2期3卷 100-113页

作者： Ju Zhang Ruijuan si Yu Gao Hui Shan qi Su Zujian Feng Pingsheng Huang Deling Kong Weiwei Wang Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial Research Institute of Biomedical EngineeringChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeTianjin300192China School of Nursing Qingdao UniversityNingde RoadShinan DistrictQingdaoShandong266071China Cancer Hospital of Tianjin Medical University North Huanhu West RoadTianjinChina The Affliated Hospital of qingdao University 16 Jjiangsu RoadShinan DistrictQingdaoChina 5NankaiUniver aniin300071.China

Due to its highly insidious and rapid progression,deep tissue pressure injury(DTPI)is a clinical challenge.Our previous study found that DTPI may be a skeletal muscle injury dominated by macrophage immune dysfunction due to excessive iron accu-mulation.Decellularized extracellular matrix(dECM)hydrogel promotes skeletal muscle injury repair.However,its role in po-larizing macrophages and regulating iron metabolism in DTPI remains unclear.Here,porcine dECM hydrogel was prepared,and its therapeutic function and mechanism in repairing DTPI were investigated.The stimulus of dECM hydrogel toward RAW264.7 cells resulted in a significantly higher percentage of CD2o6+macrophages and notably decreased intracellular divalent iron levels.In mice DTPI model,dECM hydrogel treatment promoted M1 to M2 macrophage conversion,improved iron metabolism and reduced oxidative stress in the early stage of DTPI.In the remodeling phase,the dECM hydrogel remarkably enhanced revascularization and accelerated skeletal muscle repair.Furthermore,the immunomodulation of dEcM hydrogels in vivo was mainly involved in the P13k/Akt signaling pathway,as revealed by GO and KEGG pathway analysis,which may ameliorate the iron deposition and promote the healing of DTPI.Our findings indicate that dECM hydrogel is promising in skeletal muscle repair,inflammation resolution and tissue injury healing by effectively restoring macrophage immune homeostasis and normalizing iron metabolism.

关键词： Deep tissue pressure injury hydrogel immunomodulation tissue repair

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