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Hierarchically porous Fe/N/S/C nanospheres with high-content of Fe-Nx for enhanced ORR and Zn-air battery performance

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Green Energy & Environment 2023年第6期8卷 1693-1702页

作者： Luming Wu Ruge Zhao Guo Du Huan Wang Machuan Hou wei Zhang Pingchuan Sun Tiehong chen Institute of New Catalytic Materials Science School of Materials Science and EngineeringNankai UniversityTianjin300350China Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry(Ministry of Education) Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage CenterCollege of ChemistryNankai UniversityTianjin300071China Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations Tianjin300192China Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials(MOE) College of ChemistryNankai UniversityTianjin300071China

Heteroatom-doped carbon-based transition-metal single-atom catalysts(SACs) are promising electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction(ORR). Herein, with the aid of hierarchically porous silica as hard template, a facile and general melting perfusion and mesopore-confined pyrolysis method was reported to prepare single-atomic Fe/N–S-doped carbon catalyst(FeNx/NC-S) with hierarchically porous structure and well-defined morphology. The FeNx/NC-S exhibited excellent ORR activity with a half-wave potential(E_(1/2)) of 0.92 V, and a lower overpotential of 320 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm^(-2)for OER under alkaline condition. The remarkable electrocatalysis performance can be attributed to the hierarchically porous carbon nanospheres with S doping and high content of Fe-Nx sites(up to 3.7 wt% of Fe), resulting from the nano-confinement effect of the hierarchically porous silica spheres(NKM-5) during the pyrolysis process. The rechargeable Zn-air battery with FeNx/NC-S as a cathode catalyst demonstrated a superior power density of 194.5 mW cm-2charge–discharge stability. This work highlights a new avenue to design advanced SACs for efficient sustainable energy storage and conversion.

关键词： Melting perfusion Nano-confined pyrolysis Hierarchically porous High content of Fe-Nx sites Sulfur doping Oxygen reduction reaction

The characteristics of waves around an entrance of a lagoon in South China Sea

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2021年第5期33卷 889-900页

作者： Zhi-wen Cai Chun-rong He Xiao-long Liu Wen-wei chen Ze Sun Jun Ding China Ship Scientific Research Center Wuxi 214082China Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhanjiang) 524000China

The characteristics of the waves around a lagoon entrance in South China Sea were observed during the past one and half years based on the wave *** measured results show that the monsoon plays an important *** summer,waves mostly come from the southeast,among which the wave components of non-dimensional periods larger than 0.2 are fetch-trapped *** winter the waves may be divided into two groups,the fetch-trapped waves and the waves from the open *** skewness of the directional distribution functions is within+8 around *** power relationship between the direction spread and kurtosis is also ***,it is found that the waves with the significant wave heights greater than 1.5 m are caused by typhoons or cold *** frequency components of wave energy driven by cold air appear in the high frequency range at first,and change to the lower frequency range *** waves driven by typhoon mostly come from the open sea.

关键词： Reef lagoon cold air typhoon waves South China Sea Introduction

Native point defects and oxygen migration of rare earth zirconate and stannate pyrochlores

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2021年第14期73卷 23-30页

作者： Juanli Zhao Yuchen Liu Yun Fan wei Zhang chengguan Zhang Guang Yang Hongfei chen Bin Liu School of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai UniversityShanghai200444China

Various excellent properties of rare earth zirconate and stannate pyrochlores are close related with their native point ***-principles calculations are performed to systematically investigate the point defect mechanism and the oxygen diffusion behavior of A_(2)B_(2)O_(7)(A=La,Ce,Pr,Nd,Pm,Sm,Eu,Gd;B=Zr,Sn).The possible defect complexes and their associated reactions under stoichiometric and nonstoichiometric conditions are *** O Frenkel pairs are the most stable defect structure in stoichiometric zirconates,whereas the cation antisite defects are the predominant one in stoichiometric *** the case of BO_(2) excess zirconates and stannates,the BA cation antisite defect with the A vacancy and/or the oxygen interstitial is energetically favorable,whereas the ABantisite defect together with the oxygen vacancy and/or the A interstitial is preferable under the A_(2)O_(3) excess ***,the maximum point defect concentrations of zirconates are much higher than those of ***,the oxygen migration barriers are similar in these compounds,ranging in 0.68 eV–0.80 *** predicted point defects and oxygen diffusion mechanisms play the critical role in their engineering applications and are expected to guide the future property improvement of pyrochlores through the control of point defects and/or composition.

关键词： Density-functional theory Pyrochlore Defect Migration Formation energies

Pannexin 1,a large-pore membrane channel,contributes to hypotonicity-induced ATP release in Schwann cells

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第5期16卷 899-904页

作者： Zhong-Ya wei Hui-Lin Qu Yu-Juan Dai Qian Wang Zhuo-Min Ling Wen-Feng Su Ya-Yu Zhao wei-Xing Shen Gang chen Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education Co-innovation Center of NeuroregenerationNantong UniversityNantongJiangsu ProvinceChina Medical School of Nantong University NantongJiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Anesthesiology Affiliated Hospital of Nantong UniversityNantongJiangsu ProvinceChina

Pannexin 1(Panx 1),as a large-pore membrane channel,is highly permeable to ATP and other signaling *** studies have demonstrated the expression of Panx 1 in the nervous system,including astrocytes,microglia,and ***,the distribution and function of Panx 1 in the peripheral nervous system are not *** the function of Panx 1 pharmacologically(carbenoxolone and probenecid)or with small interfering RNA targeting pannexins can greatly reduce hypotonicity-induced ATP *** of Schwann cells with a Ras homolog family member(Rho)GTPase inhibitor and small interfering RNA targeting Rho or cytoskeleton disrupting agents,such as nocodazole or cytochalasin D,revealed that hypotonicity-induced ATP release depended on intracellular RhoA and the *** findings suggest that Panx 1 participates in ATP release in Schwann cells by regulating RhoA and the cytoskeleton *** study was approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of Nantong University,China(No.S20180806-002)on August 5,2018.

关键词： ATP cytoskeleton injury neuron pannexin 1 peripheral nerve Ras homolog family member A Schwann cells

Homogeneous distributed natural pyrite-derived composite induced by modified graphite as high-performance lithium-ion batteries anode

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2023年第7期30卷 1353-1362页

作者： Juan Yu Yinbo wei Bicheng Meng Jiaxin Peng Kai Yang Tianxing chen Naixing Yang Xiuyun Chuan School of Metallurgical Engineering Xi’an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi’an 710055China School of Earth and Space Sciences Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Nano-Materials and Technology School of Mechanical and Electrical EngineeringXi’an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi’an 710055China School of Resources Engineering Xi’an University of Architecture TechnologyXi’an 710055China

Natural minerals-based energy materials have attracted enormous attention because of the advantages of good materials consistency,high production,environmental friendliness,and low *** uniform distribution of grains can effectively inhibit the aggregation of active materials,improving lithium storage *** this work,natural graphite is modified by polyvinylpyrrolidone to obtain modified graphite with reduced size and better *** pyrite composite polyvinylpyrrolidone-modified graphite(pyrite/PG)material with uniform particle distribution is obtained by the ball milling *** subsequent calcination process converts pyrite/PG into Fe_(1-x)Scompounded with polyvinylpyrrolidone-modified graphite(Fe_(1-x)S/PG).The homogeneous grain distributions of active material can facilitate the faster transfer of electrons and promote the efficient utilization of active *** as-prepared Fe_(1-x)S/PG electrode exhibits a remarkably reversible specific capacity of 613.0 mAh·g^(-1)at 0.2 A·g^(-1)after 80 cycles and an excellent rate capability of 523.0 mAh·g^(-1)at 5 A·g^(-1).Even at a higher current density of 10 A·g^(-1),it can deliver a specific capacity of 348.0 mAh·g^(-1).Moreover,the dominant pseudocapacitance in redox reactions accounts for the impressive rate and cycling *** work provides a low-cost and facile method to fabricate natural mineral-based anode materials and apprise readers about the impact of uniform particle distribution on lithium storage performance.

关键词： natural pyrite modified graphite anode lithium-ion batteries homogeneous grain distributions

Numerical research on biomass wastewater treatment using doublepartition vessel with off-centered impellers

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2023年第2期16卷 232-240页

作者： wei Zhang Yijie Yang Wenmin Qian Longlong Ma Lungang chen Na Liu Ying Liu Yubao chen School of Energy and Environmental Science Yunnan Normal UniversityKunming 6500500China Yunnan Research Academy of Eco-environmental Sciences Kunming 650034China School of Energy and Environment Southeast UniversityNanjing 210096China

Limited by single function,it is difficult for the traditional stirred vessels to meet the requirements of mixing system in biomass wastewater treatment *** estimation of biomass wastewater stirring reactor performance by computational fluid dynamics(CFD)during multiphase reactions is important,due to the uncertainty in the numerical *** this study,a novel double-partition stirred vessel with eccentrically located impellers was developed for the special *** addition,many simulations were carried out with the wastewater from biomass ethanol production as the medium to ensure the high reactor *** fluid flow was simulated and analyzed using the turbulent RNG k-ε model and multi reference frames.A good agreement is found between the simulation results and the confirmatory ***,the weir crest and interconnected pore were specially designed for the establishment of the circulation of fluid to maintain different technological conditions in the two *** distributions of radial velocities and tangential velocities were concentrated near the stirring *** the velocity profile,it is deduced that the flow pattern in the stirred vessel is insensitive to Reynolds ***,this simulation study could contribute to the improvement and optimization of the structure,as well as the operation of the novel stirred vessel.

关键词： biomass wastewater treatment double-partition vessel computational fluid dynamics

Structural engineering of graphene for high-resolution cryo-electron microscopy

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SmartMat 2021年第2期2卷 202-212页

作者： Jie Xu Xiaoya Cui Nan Liu Yanan chen Hong-wei Wang Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural BiologySchool of Life SciencesTsinghua UniversityBeijingChina Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences Tsinghua UniversityBeijingChina School of Materials Science and Engineering Tianjin UniversityTianjinChina Joint Graduate Program of Peking-Tsinghua-NIBS School of Life SciencesTsinghua UniversityBeijingChina Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structures Tsinghua UniversityBeijingChina

The revolutionary improvement of hardware and algorithm in cryogenic electron microscopy(cryo-EM)has made it a routine method to obtain structures of macromolecules at near-atomic ***,this technique still faces many *** structure-solving efficiency of cryo-EM can be significantly reduced by the biomolecules'denaturation on the air–water interfaces,the preferred orientation,strong background noise from supporting films and particle motion,and so *** overcome these problems,nanomaterials with ultrahigh electronic conductivity and ultrathin thickness are explored as promising cryo-EM specimen supporting ***,we summarize the structural engineering of graphene,for example,surface and interface modification,as supporting films for grids and the application on high-resolution cryo-EM and discuss potential future perspectives.

关键词： graphene high-resolution cryogenic electron microscopy life science liquid cell tomography

Geometrical and electrical optimization of NS-SDBD streamwise plasma heat knife for aircraft anti-icing

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2023年第2期36卷 87-99页

作者： Zhi SU Hua LIANG Haohua ZONG Jun LI Xu FANG Biao wei Jie chen weiliang KONG Science and Technology on Plasma Dynamics Laboratory Air Force Engineering UniversityXi'an 710038China Institute of Aero-engine School of Mechanical EngineeringXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710049China Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology Xi'an 710024China The Green Aerotechnics Research Institute Chongqing Jiaotong UniversityChongqing 404100China

Ice accretion on aircraft encountering supercooled water droplets in clouds poses great risks to flight performance and *** the aim of optimizing the newly developed streamwise plasma heat knife method for anti-icing,a parametric investigation is carried out in this *** influence of the detailed voltage profile on the heating effects of a Surface Dielectric Barrier Discharge driven by Nanosecond Pulses(NS-SDBD)is investigated,and a comparison of the antiicing performance among different configurations of streamwise plasma heat knife is *** results show that columnar high-temperature regions produced by a multi-streamer discharge appear at small pulse rise time,but become diffuse as the pulse rise time *** optimal pulse rise time exists to provide a wide range and high value of temperature,which is found to be 150 ns for the setup in the present *** influence of the pulse fall time is much weaker than that of the rise *** range and value of the temperature decrease with increasing pulse fall time.A greater pulse width is found to improve the heating effect by increasing the discharge *** a spanwise electrode is placed connecting the streamwise electrodes of the streamwise plasma heat knife at the airfoil leading edge,the anti-icing performance becomes poorer,whereas good performance is achieved when the spanwise electrode is at the edge of the streamwise *** on this,a three-level configuration of the plasma heat knife is proposed,and its anti-icing performance is found to be much better than that of the original configuration.

关键词： Airfoil icing mitigation Dielectric barrier discharge Nanosecond pulse Voltage profile Plasma

Highly oxidation-resistant Ti-Mo alloy with two-scale network Ti_(5)si_(3)reinforcement

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第15期110卷 24-34页

作者： Qiong Lu Yaozha Lv Chi Zhang Hongbo Zhang wei chen Zhanyuan Xu Peizhong Feng Jinglian Fan Powder Metallurgy Research Institute Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China Department of Mechanical Engineering Imperial College LondonExhibition RoadLondon SW72AZUK School of Materials Science and Engineering China University of Mining and TechnologyXuzhou 221116China

There is keen interest in using Ti alloys as lightweight structural materials for aerospace and automotive ***,a long-standing problem for these materials is their poor oxidation ***,we designed and fabricated a Ti_(5)si_(3) reinforced Ti-4(wt.%)Mo composite with two-scale network architecture by low energy milling and spark plasma *** displays superior oxidation resistance at 800°C owing to the in-situ formation of a multi-component surface *** oxide layer has a dense grain size gradient structure that consists of an outer TiO_(2)layer and an inner siO_(2)-padding-TiO_(2) layer,which has remarkable oxidation resistance and thermal ***,it was revealed that the hitherto unknown interaction between Ti_(5)si_(3) reinforcement and nitrogen during oxidation would contribute to the formation of a TiN nano-twin interface layer,which accommodates the thermal mismatch strain between the oxide layer and ***,along with high adhesion,confers excellent thermal cycling life with no cracking or spallation during long-term *** this regard,the secure operating temperature of this new composite can be increased to 800°C,which provides a design pathway for a new family of Ti matrix composites for high-temperature applications.

关键词： Ti matrix composites Oxidation mechanism Thermal stability Interface strengthening Transmission electron microscopy