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Pursue the nature of science: Advocate for a better research environment

The Innovation 2024年第5期5卷 3-4页

作者： Ji dai Shenzhen Technological Research Center for Primate Translational Medicine Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain ScienceShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen 518055China CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation the Brain Cognition and Brain Disease InstituteShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen 518055China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Behavior Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen 518055China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

WHAT IS REAL SCIENCE?Science is often viewed through the lens of its tangible outcomes—publications,grants,academic titles,and *** markers of success in the academic world are undoubtedly important and serve as measures of productivity and ***,focusing solely on these external rewards risks oversimplifying the true essence of science and overlooking its fundamental purpose—the pursuit of knowledge through a process of discovery.1 At its core,science is a systematic and methodical approach to understanding the natural world,unraveling its mysteries,and uncovering the underlying principles that govern the *** is a process of inquiry and exploration that is driven by curiosity,creativity,and a relentless quest for truth(Figure 1).Science is not merely a means to an end but a journey of discovery that transcends individual accomplishments and external *** example is the study of gravitational waves,which are ripples in the fabric of spacetime and are predicted by Einstein’s theory of general *** 2015,the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory(LIGO)detected gravitational waves for the first *** a major scientific breakthrough was the result of a collaboration between physicists and engineers from multiple institutions around the world,and it was also the result of pure curiosity.

关键词： doubt breakthrough Figure

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Brain abscess caused by Streptococcus anginosus group:Three case reports

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第17期12卷 3243-3252页

作者： si-Di Tan ming-Hui Li The 2^(nd)Clinical Medical College Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhou 310053Zhejiang ProvinceChina Department of Infection Shaoxing People's HospitalShaoxing 312000Zhejiang ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND This case series investigated the clinical manifestations,diagnoses,and treatment of cerebral abscesses caused by Streptococcus *** retrospectively analyzed the clinical characteristics and outcomes of three cases of cerebral abscesses caused by Streptococcus anginosus and conducted a comprehensive review of relevant *** SUMMARY Case 1 presented with a history of left otitis media and exhibited high fever,confusion,and vomiting as primary *** pus culture indicated a brain abscess caused by Streptococcus constellatus *** 2 experienced dizziness for two days as the primary *** pus culture suggested an intermediate streptococcal brain *** 3:Enhanced head magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)and diffusion-weighted imaging revealed occupancy of the left temporal lobe,initially suspected to be a metastatic ***,a postoperative pus culture confirmed the presence of a brain abscess caused by Streptococcus anginosus *** three cases presented in this case series were all patients with community-acquired brain abscesses resulting from angina caused by Streptococcus group *** three patients demonstrated sensitivity to penicillin,ceftriaxone,vancomycin,linezolid,chloramphenicol,and *** treatment was achieved through stereotaxic puncture,drainage,and ceftriaxone administration with a six-week course of *** Preoperative enhanced head MRI plays a critical role in distinguishing brain tumors from *** the correct early diagnostic methods for brain abscesses and providing timely intervention are very *** case series was in accordance with the CARE guidelines.

关键词： Streptococcus anginosus group Cerebral abscess Early diagnosis of a brain abscess Plasma microbial cell-free DNA Next-generation sequencing Case report

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Efficacy and safety of endoscopic submucosal dissection for early gastric cancer and precancerous lesions in elderly patients

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第2期16卷 511-517页

作者： Wen-si Xu Hui-Yu Zhang Shuang Jin Qi Zhang Hong-Dan Liu ming-Tao Wang Bo Zhang Department of Gastroenterology The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical UniversityQiqihar 161099Heilongjiang ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND With advancements in the development of endoscopic technologies,the endo-scopic submucosal dissection(ESD)has been one of the gold-standard therapies for early gastric *** To investigate the efficacy and safety ESD in the treatment of early gastric cancer and precancerous lesions in the elderly *** Seventy-eight elderly patients with early gastric cancer and precancerous lesions admitted to the Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University were se-lected and classified into two groups according to the different surgical therapies they received between January 2021 and June *** them,39 patients treated with ESD were included in an experimental group,and 39 patients treated with endoscopic mucosal resection(EMR)were included in a control *** compared the basic intraoperative conditions,postoperative short-term recovery,long-term recovery effects and functional status of gastric mucosa between the two groups;the basic intraoperative conditions included lesion resection,intra-operative bleeding and operation time;the postoperative short-term recovery assessment indexes were length of hospital stay and incidence of surgical complic-ations;and the long-term recovery assessment indexes were the recurrence rate at 1 year postoperatively and the survival situation at 1 year and 3 years postoper-atively;and we compared the preoperative and predischarge serum pepsinogen I(PG I)and PG II levels and PG I/PG II ratio in the two groups before surgery and *** The curative resection rate and the rate of en bloc resection were higher in the experimental group than in the control *** intraoperative bleeding volume was higher in the experimental group than in the control *** operation time was longer in the experimental group than that in the control group,and the rate for base residual focus was lower in the experimental group than that of the control group,and the differences were all statistically signifi

关键词： Endoscopic submucosal dissection Endoscopic mucosal resection Early gastric cancer Serum pepsinogen Elderly

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Even-odd layer-dependent multiferroic in freestanding rare-earth orthorhombic perovskite

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第7期67卷 151-157页

作者： Shaowen Xu Fanhao Jia Ning dai School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Hangzhou Institute for Advanced StudyUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesHangzhou 310024China Department of Physics College of ScienceHangzhou Dianzi UniversityHangzhou 310018China State Key Laboratory of Infrared Physics Shanghai Institute of Technical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200083China

Freestanding oxide perovskites possess strong interlayer coupling between adjacent atomic layers,thus exerting a determinative effect on the magnetism and ferroelectricity of these atomic-scale ***,we propose an effective strategy to manipulate magnetism and ferroelectricity in freestanding rare-earth orthorhombic perovskite via modulation of layer *** performing first-principles calculations,an even-odd oscillation is demonstrated in few-layer GdAlO_(3)perovskite(GAP).Specifically,odd-layer systems with charged atomic layers are ferromagnetic polar metals,while even-layer systems are antiferromagnetic ferroelectric *** thickness-dependent magnetic phase transition originates from carrier doping,as rationalized by the Stoner ***,we demonstrate the promotion of in-plane ferroelectricity via the concurrent application of two distinct antiferrodistortive displacements,each driven by formation and breaking of *** multiferroic phases may emerge in other transition metal oxide perovskites supporting multiple valence states,e.g.,few-layer Gd MO_(3)(M=V,Cr,Mn,and Ni).This work puts forward a strategy for layer thickness engineering of magnetism and ferroelectricity in 2D oxide perovskite multiferroic materials.

关键词： few-layer rare-earth perovskite multiferroicity size effect first principles calculations

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Design and tailoring of patterned ZnO nanostructures for perovskite light absorption modulation

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第5期31卷 855-861页

作者： Haonan si Xuan Zhao Qingliang Liao Yue Zhang Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Technology Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Devices for Post-Moore Chips Ministry of EducationBeijing Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Materials and TechnologiesSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China

Lithography is a pivotal micro/nanomanufacturing technique,facilitating performance enhancements in an extensive array of devices,encompassing sensors,transistors,and photovoltaic *** key to creating highly precise,multiscale-distributed patterned structures is the precise control of the lithography ***,high-quality patterned ZnO nanostructures are constructed by systematically tuning the exposure and development times during *** optimizing these parameters,ZnO nanorod arrays with line/hole arrangements are successfully *** ZnO nanostructures with highly controllable morphology and structure possess discrete three-dimensional space structure,enlarged surface area,and improved light capture ability,which achieve highly efficient energy conversion in perovskite solar *** lithography process management for these patterned ZnO nanostructures provides important guidance for the design and construction of complex nanostructures and devices with excellent performance.

关键词： lithography patterned ZnO nanorod arrays light absorption perovskite solar cell

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Assessment of ECMWF’s Precipitation Forecasting Performance for China from 2017 to 2022

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Journal of Tropical Meteorology 2024年第3期30卷 257-274页

作者： PAN Liu-jie ZHANG Hong-fang LIANG Mian LIU Jia-huimin dai Chang-ming Shaanxi Meteorological Observatory Xi’an 710014 China Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment and Meteorology for the Qinling Mountains and Loess Plateau Xi’an 710014 China Shaanxi Meteorological Service Centre Xi’an 710014 China

This study used the China Meteorological Administration(CMA)three-source fusion gridded precipitation analysis data as a reference to evaluate the precipitation forecast performance of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts(ECMWF)model for China from 2017 to *** main conclusions are as *** precipitation forecast capability of the ECMWF model for China has gradually improved from 2017 to *** scores such as bias,equitable threat score(ETS),and Fractions Skill Score(FSS)showed improvements for different categories of *** bias of light rain forecasts overall adjusted towards smaller values,and the increase in forecast scores was greater in the warm season than in the cold *** ETS for torrential rain more intense categories significantly increased,although there were large fluctuations in bias across different *** model exhibited higher precipitation bias in most areas of North China,indicating overprediction,while it showed lower bias in South China,indicating *** ETSs indicate that the model performed better in forecasting precipitation in the northeastern part of China without the influence of climatic background *** of the differences between the first period and the second period of the forecast shows that the precipitation amplitude in the ECMWF forecast shifted from slight underestimation to overestimation compared to that of CMPAS05,reducing the likelihood of missing extreme precipitation *** improvement in ETS is mainly due to the reduction in bias and false alarm rates and,more importantly,an increase in the hit *** 2017 to 2022,the area coverage error of model precipitation forecast relative to observations showed a decreasing trend at different scales,while the FSS showed an increasing trend,with the highest FSS observed in *** ETS followed a parabolic trend with increasing neighborhood radius,with the better ETS neighborhood radius generally

关键词： ECMWF forecasting verification neighborhood verification FSS

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Decoding the fish genome opens a new era in important trait research and molecular breeding in China

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第10期67卷 2064-2083页

作者： Qian Zhou Jialin Wang Jiongtang Li Zhangfan Chen Na Wang ming Li Lei Wang Yufeng si Sheng Lu Zhongkai Cui Xuhui Liu Songlin Chen State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods Yellow Sea Fisheries Research InstituteChinese Academy of Fishery SciencesQingdaoShandong 266071China Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes Qingdao Marine Science and Technology CenterQingdaoShandong 266237China Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genomics Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsBeijing Key Laboratory of Fishery BiotechnologyChinese Academy of Fishery SciencesBeijing 100041China

Aquaculture represents the fastest-growing global food production sector,as it has become an essential component of the global food *** has the world's largest aquaculture industry in terms of production ***,the sustainable development of fish culture is hindered by several concerns,including germplasm degradation and disease *** practice of genomic breeding,which relies heavily on genome information and genotypephenotype relationships,has significant potential for increasing the efficiency of aquaculture *** 2014,the completion of the genome sequencing and annotation of the Chinese tongue sole signified the beginning of the fish genomics era in *** then,domestic researchers have made dramatic progress in functional genomic *** date,the genomes of more than 60 species of fish in China have been assembled and *** on these reference genomes,evolutionary,comparative,and functional genomic studies have revolutionized our understanding of a wide range of biologically and economically important traits of fishes,including growth and development,sex determination,disease resistance,metamorphosis,and ***,genomic tools and breeding techniques such as SNP arrays,genomic selection,and genome editing have greatly accelerated genetic improvement through the incorporation of functional genomic information into breeding *** review aims to summarize the current status,advances,and perspectives of the genome resources,genomic study of important traits,and genomic breeding techniques of fish in *** review will provide aquaculture researchers,fish breeders,and farmers with updated information concerning fish genomic research and breeding *** summary will help to promote the genetic improvement of production traits and thus will support the sustainable development of fish aquaculture.

关键词： fish genomics economic traits genomic selection genome editing genomic breeding

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Exploration of Strong Metal-Support Interaction in Heterogeneous Catalysts by in situ Transmission Electron Microscopy

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2024年第9期42卷 1004-1008页

作者： Yongjun Jiang Sheng dai Key Laboratoryfor Advanced Materials and Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center Institute of Fine ChemicalsSchool of Chemistry&Molecular EngineeringEast China Universityof Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China

The phenomenon of strong metal-support interaction(SMsi)observed in supported metal catalysts,usually accompanied by the formation of the encapsulation layer on metal nanoparticles,has attracted extensive research attention due to its significance in heterogeneous ***,great progress has been made in recent years in investigating SMsi by in situ transmission electron microscopy(TEM),along with an enhanced comprehension of the underlying mechanisms governing SMsi *** emerging topic summarizes recent progress utilizing in situ TEM to study the interaction between metal and support and the relationship between the structure and performance of the supported catalyst under reaction conditions.A brief perspective about the use of in situ TEM for further study of SMsi is also presented,showing prospects in this field that will stimulate further upsurging research in promoting the catalytic efficiency of supported catalysts.

关键词： Heterogeneous catalysis In situ TEM Strong metal-support interaction Structure changes Interfaces Structural evolution

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Efficacy and safety of Huzhang Granule,a compound Chinese herbal medicine,for acute gouty arthritis:A double-blind,randomized controlled trial

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第3期22卷 270-278页

作者： Hao Wang si-ting Chen Xiao-jie Ding Le Kuai Liang Hua Xin Li Yi-fei Wang ming Zhang Bin Li Rui-ping Wang Mi Zhou Department of Dermatology Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western MedicineShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai 200437China Institute of Dermatology Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai 201203China Department of Dermatology the Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Chinese MedicineNanchang 330000Jiangxi ProvinceChina Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital School of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghai 200443China Institute of Dermatology School of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghai 200443China

Background:Acute gouty arthritis(AGA)is an inflammatory joint disease with a high *** medical interventions,including nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs,colchicine and glucocorticoids,can have serious adverse *** Granule(HZG),a compound Chinese herbal medicine,has been used to treat AGA for more than 30 years with satisfactory effects and no significant adverse ***,the efficacy and safety of HZG in AGA patients remains ***:The present investigation was designed to examine the efficacy and safety profile of HZG in managing AGA ***,setting,participants and interventions:The current study was conducted as a noninferiority,randomized controlled clinical trial on 180 eligible enrolled *** were randomly assigned into the HZG and etoricoxib *** were administered for 5 d,during which the HZG group received HZG and placebo etoricoxib,while the etoricoxib group received etoricoxib and placebo HZG in the same ratio(1:1).Main outcome measures:The primary outcome was pain experienced by the patient in the gout-afflicted joint from days 2 to 5 of the treatment *** pain level was measured via a visual analogue scale,ranging from 0 mm to 100 *** secondary outcomes comprised joint tenderness and swelling,reduction of inflammatory biomarkers,and the patient’s and investigator’s global evaluations of therapeutic ***:The mean reduction in pain was-51.22 mm(95%confidence interval[CI],[-53.42,-49.03]mm)for the HZG and-52.00 mm(95%CI,[-54.06,-49.94]mm)for the etoricoxib *** mean difference between the two groups was 0.78 mm(95%CI,[-2.25,3.81]mm).All additional efficacy endpoints,covering decreased inflammation and pain relief,yielded compelling proof of *** in the HZG group exhibited a comparatively lower rate of adverse events compared to those in the etoricoxib group(4.44%vs 13.33%;P≤0.05).Conclusion:HZG and etoricoxib groups demons

关键词： Acute gouty arthritis Huzhang Granule Randomized controlled trial Blind

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MiR-142-3p Regulates ILC1s by Targeting HMGB1 via the NF-κB Pathway in a Mouse Model of Early Pregnancy Loss

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Current Medical Science 2024年第1期44卷 195-211页

作者： Xiang-li PANG Jie LI Jing WANG si-si YAN Jing YANG Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430060China Reproductive Medical Center Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430060China Clinic Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Embryonic Development in Hubei Province Wuhan 430060China

Objective Innate lymphoid cells(ILCs)are a class of newly discovered *** 1 ILCs(ILC1s)are identified in the decidua of humans and *** mobility group box 1(HMGB1)is predicted to be one of the target genes of miR-142-3p,which is closely related to pregnancy-related ***,miR-142-3p and HMGB1 are involved in regulating the NF-κB signaling *** study aimed to examine the regulatory effect of miR-142-3p on ILC1s and the underlying mechanism involving HMGB1 and the NF-κB signaling *** Mouse models of normal pregnancy and abortion were constructed,and the alterations of ILC1s,miR-142-3p,ILC1 transcription factor(T-bet),and pro-inflammatory cytokines of ILC1s(TNF-α,IFN-γand IL-2)were detected in mice from different *** targeting regulation of HMGB1 by miR-142-3p in ILC1s,and the expression of HMGB1 in normal pregnant mice and abortive mice were *** addition,the regulatory effects of miR-142-3p and HMGB1 on ILC1s were detected in vitro by CCK-8,Annexin-V/PI,ELISA,and RT-PCR,***,changes of the NF-κB signaling pathway in ILC1s were examined in the different *** the in vivo studies,miR-142-3p-Agomir was injected in the uterus of abortive mice to evaluate the abortion rate and alterations of ILC1s at the maternal-fetal interface,and further detect the expression of HMGB1,pro-inflammatory cytokines,and the NF-κB signaling *** The number of ILC1s was significantly increased,the level of HMGB1 was significantly upregulated,and that of miR-142-3p was considerably downregulated in the abortive mice as compared with the normal pregnant mice(all Psignaling pathway(Psignificantly downregulated and the activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway was inhibited in the miR-142-3p Agomir group(all Psion

关键词： maternal-fetal interface group 1 innate lymphoid cells(ILCis) high mobility group box 1(HMGB1) miR-142-3p abortion

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