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Inhibitory gamma-aminobutyric acidergic neurons in the anterior cingulate cortex participate in the comorbidity of pain and emotion

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第10期20卷 2838-2854页

作者： Lu Guan Mengting Qiu Na Li Zhengxiang Zhou Ru Ye Liyan Zhong Yashuang Xu Junhui ren Yi Liang Xiaomei Shao Jianqiao Fang Junfan Fang Junying Du Department of Neurobiology and Acupuncture Research Third School of Clinical MedicineZhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina Key Laboratory for Research of Acupuncture Treatment and Transformation of Emotional Diseases Third School of Clinical MedicineZhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina Fuchun Community Health Service Center of Fuyang District HangzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina

Pain is often comorbid with emotional disorders such as anxiety and *** of the anterior cingulate cortex has been implicated in pain and pain-related negative emotions that arise from impairments in inhibitory gamma-aminobutyric acid *** review primarily aims to outline the main circuitry(including the input and output connectivity)of the anterior cingulate cortex and classification and functions of different gamma-aminobutyric acidergic neurons;it also describes the neurotransmitters/neuromodulators affecting these neurons,their intercommunication with other neurons,and their importance in mental comorbidities associated with chronic pain *** understanding on their role in pain-related mental comorbidities may facilitate the development of more effective treatments for these ***,the mechanisms that regulate gamma-aminobutyric acidergic systems remain *** is also unclear as to whether the mechanisms are presynaptic or *** exploration of the complexities of this system may reveal new pathways for research and drug development.

关键词： anterior cingulate cortex anxiety chronic pain circuit communication comorbidity depression gamma-aminobutyric acidergic neurons parvalbumin neurons synaptic transmission

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Pilose antler aqueous extract promotes the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells by stimulating the BMP-2/Smad1, 5/Runx2 signaling pathway

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2019年第10期17卷 756-767页

作者： ren cong GONG Wei LI Feng XIE Ming School of Pharmacy L iaoning University of Traditional Chinese MedicineDalian 116600China Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shenyang 110032China

Peptides from Pilose antler aqueous extract(PAAE) have been shown to stimulate the proliferation and differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs). However, the underlying molecular mechanisms are not well understood. Here, PAAE was isolated and purified to explore the molecular mechanisms underlying PAAE’s effects on BMSCs as well as its osteoprotective effects in ovariectomized rats. Our results showed that PAAE promoted proliferation and differentiation of BMSCs to become osteoblasts by enhancing ALP activity and increasing extracellular matrix mineralization. The trabecular microarchitecture of ovariectomized rats was also found to be protected by PAAE. Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(Quantitative RT-PCR) results suggest that PAAE also increased the expression of osteogenic markers including, alkaline phosphatase(ALP), runt-related transcription factor 2(Runx2), osteocalcin(OCN), bone morphogenetic protein-2(BMP-2), and collagen I(COL-I). Immunoblotting results indicated that PAAE upregulated the levels of BMP-2 and Runx2 and was associated with Smad1/5 phosphorylation. PAAE A at the concentration of 200μg·mL^-1 showed the strongest effect on proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs after 48 h. Using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry(MALDI-TOF MS), we identified the molecular weight of PAAE A and found that it is less than 3000 Da and showed several significant peaks. In conclusion, PAAE activates the BMP-2/Smad1, 5/Runx2 pathway to induce osteoblastic differentiation and mineralization in BMSCs and can inhibit OVX-induced bone loss. These mechanisms are likely responsible for its therapeutic effect on postmenopausal osteoporosis.

关键词： Pilose antler Postmenopausal osteoporosis Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells BMP-2/Smad1,5/Runx2 signaling pathway

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Modeling and analysis of nano-sized GMRs based on Co,NiFe and Ni materials

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2014年第2期57卷 216-229页

作者： YIN cong JIA Ze MA WeiChao ren TianLing Institute of Microelectronics Tsinghua National Laboratory for Information Science and TechnologyTsinghua University

Magnetic simulation method is introduced to analyze giant magnetoresistances(GMRs)in nanoscale for nano-sized biosensors.A spin valve model with special gridding corresponding to the exchange interaction length is proposed to study the influence of easy axes,exchange coefcients,pinning fields and feature widths on magnetization reversals and hysteresis characteristics of nano-sized GMRs with diferent pinned layer and free layer materials of Co,NiFe and *** switching field is found to be almost linear with the pinning field and decrease with the absolute exchange coefcients and the feature widths for the nano-sized *** increase rate of each depends on the spin valve *** investigations into variations of the magnetization distribution reveal that the initial magnetization distribution and the magnetization reversal mode depend greatly on easy axes and materials The dependence on easy axes based mainly on the magnetocrystalline anisotropy is illustrated in detail.

关键词： nano-sized spin valve magnetization reversal switching field hysteresis antiferromagnetic coupling

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Molecular mechanism of endocrine-disruptive effects induced by Bisphenol A:The role of transmembrane G-protein estrogen receptor 1 and integrin αvβ3

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2019年第1期31卷 1-13页

作者： Zhiguo Sheng cong Wang Furong ren Yuxiang Liu Benzhan Zhu Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xinjiang Normal University

Bisphenol A(BPA) is one of the highest volume industrial products worldwide and has been widely used to make various products as the intermediates of polycarbonate plastics and epoxy ***, general population has been widely exposed to BPA due to extensive use of BPAcontaining products. BPA has similar chemical structure with the natural estrogen and has been shown to induce a variety of estrogen-like endocrine effects on organism in vivo or in vitro. High doses of BPA tend to act as antagonist of estrogen receptors(ERs) by directly regulating the genomic transcription. However, BPA at environmentally relevant low-dose always disrupt the biological function via a non-genomic manner mediated by membrane receptors, rather than ERs. Although some studies had investigated the non-genomic effects of low-dose BPA, the exact molecular mechanism still remains unclear. Recently, we found that membrane G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1 and integrin αvβ3 and its relative signal pathways participate in the induction of male germ cell proliferation and thyroid transcription disruption by the low-dose BPA. A profound understanding for the mechanism of action of the environmentally relevant BPA exposure not only contributes to objectively evaluate and predict the potential influence to human health, but also provides theoretical basis and methodological support for assessing health effects trigged by other estrogen-like environmental endocrine disruptors. Based mainly on our recent findings, this review outlines the research progress of molecular mechanism on endocrine disrupting effects of environmental low-dose BPA, existing problems and some consideration for future studies.

关键词： Bisphenol A Low-dose effects G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1 Integrin αvβ3 Reproductive toxicity Thyroxine interference effect

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Transcranial pulse current stimulation improves the locomotor function in a rat model of stroke

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第7期16卷 1229-1234页

作者： Wen-Jing Wang Yan-Biao Zhong Jing-Jun Zhao Meng ren si-cong Zhang Ming-Shu Xu Shu-Tian Xu Ying-Jie Zhang Chun-Lei Shan Center of Rehabilitation Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western MedicineShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina School of Rehabilitation Science Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina Department of Rehabilitation Medicine The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiangHenan ProvinceChina Laboratory of Neurobiology Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and MeridianShanghaiChina

Previous studies have shown that transcranial pulse current stimulation(tPCS) can increase cerebral neural plasticity and improve patients' locomotor ***, the precise mechanisms underlying this effect remain *** the present study, rat models of stroke established by occlusion of the right cerebral middle artery were subjected to tPCS, 20 minutes per day for 7 successive *** significantly reduced the Bederson score, increased the foot print area of the affected limbs, and reduced the standing time of affected limbs of rats with stroke compared with that before *** staining and western blot assay revealed that tPCS significantly increased the expression of microtubule-associated protein-2 and growth-associated protein-43 around the ischemic *** finding suggests that tPCS can improve the locomotor function of rats with stroke by regulating the expression of microtubule-associated protein-2 and growth-associated protein-43 around the ischemic *** findings may provide a new method for the clinical treatment of poststroke motor dysfunction and a theoretical basis for clinical application of *** study was approved by the Animal Use and Management Committee of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China(approval ***190315003) on February 22, 2019.

关键词： motor function neural plasticity non-invasive brain stimulation protection repair stroke transcranial pulse current stimulation

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Characteristics and Preliminary Causes of Tropical Cyclone Remote Precipitation over China

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2024年第4期23卷 845-858页

作者： JIA Li ren Fumin MCBRIDE John Leonard cong Chunhua School of Atmospheric Science Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing 100081China School of Earth Science University of MelbourneMelbourne 3052Australia Research and Development Division Bureau of MeteorologyMelbourne 3052Australia Shandong Meteorological Bureau Jinan 250031China

In this study,the characteristics and preliminary causes of tropical cyclone remote precipitation(TRP)over China during the period from 1979 to 2020 are *** indicated that approximately 72.42%of tropical cyclones(TCs)in the Western Pacific produce TRP over *** peak months for TRP are July and *** four key regions of TRP are the adjacent areas between the sichuan and Shaanxi Provinces,the northern coast of the Bohai Sea,the coast of the Yellow Sea,and the southern coast *** typical distance between the station with TRP and the TC center ranges from 1500 to 2500 *** of these stations are situated north to 60°west of north of the *** south–west water vapor transportation on the west side of the TC is crucial to *** has a decreasing trend because of the decrease in the number of TCs that generate *** the perspective of large-scale environmental conditions,a decrease in the integrated horizontal water vapor transport in China' Mainland,the weakening of upward motion at approximately 25°–35°N,which is inconducive to convection,and an increase in low-level vertical wind shear,which is unfavorable for the development of TC in areas with high frequencies of TRP-related TCs,are the factors that result in the decreasing trend of TRP.

关键词： tropical cyclone remote precipitation characteristics causes

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Solar GLAO and TAO:performance comparisons

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2018年第7期18卷 125-132页

作者： De-Qing ren Xi Zhang si-Zhen Liu Physics&Astronomy Department California State University NorthridgeNorthridgeCalifornia 91330USA National Astronomical Observatories/Nanjing Institute of Astronomical Optics&Technology Chinese Academyof SciencesNanjing 210042China Key Laboratory of Astronomical Optics&Technology Nanjing Institute of Astronomical Optics&TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210042China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO）, consisting of several deformable mirrors （DMs）, can significantly increase the adaptive optics （AO） correction field of view. Current MCAO can be realized by either star-oriented or layer-oriented approaches. For solar AO, ground-layer adaptive optics （GLAO） can be viewed as an extreme case of layer-oriented MCAO in which the DM is conjugated to the ground, while solar tomography adaptive optics （TAO） that we proposed recently can be viewed as star-oriented MCAO with only one DM. Solar GLAO and TAO use the same hardware as conventional solar AO, and therefore it will be important to see which method can deliver better performance. In this article, we compare the performance of solar GLAO and TAO by using end-to-end numerical simulation software. Numerical simulations of TAO and GLAO with different numbers of guide stars are conducted. Our results show that TAO and GLAO produce the same performance if the DM is conjugated to the ground, but TAO can only generate better performance when the DM is conjugated to the best height. This result has important application in existing one-DM solar AO systems.

关键词： Adaptive Optics GLAO MCAO

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Constructing 2D bismuth-based heterostructure for highly efficient photocatalytic CO2 reduction

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Tungsten 2025年第1期7卷 71-79页

作者： Ruo-Hang Xu Hao-Yu Jiang Dan-Dan Cui Kun-Rong Du Hong-Run Zhang Sheng-Jie Xu Ya-Qi Li Zhi-Zhen ren Liang Wang Wei-Chang Hao Yi Du School of Physics and BUAA-UOW Joint Research Centre Beihang University Shenzhen Institute of Beihang University Centre for Catalysis and Clean Energy School of Environment and Science Griffith University

Reforming carbon dioxide（CO2） into fuels and valuable chemicals using solar energy holds significant potential for emission reduction and addressing energy supply *** recombination of photocarriers remains a major obstacle,however,to enhancing solar energy conversion efficiency in the photocatalytic reaction *** two-dimensional materials,constructing heterogeneous structures has emerged as an effective strategy to enhance the separation of photoexcited carriers by leveraging the internal electric field at the heterogeneous ***,we present a facile strategy for preparing Bi4NbO8Br/Bi2WO6plate-on-plate Z-scheme junctions with a strong internal electric field by in situ *** unique heterostructure facilitates efficient separation and transport of photoexcited charges by harnessing the internal electric field induced by chemical bonding at the lateral ***,the Bi4NbO8Br/Bi2WO6heterostructure exhibits enhanced CO2photoreduction properties,along with a CO yield rate of approximately 35 μmol·g-1·h-1under full light *** work offers novel insights into the synthesis of unique hetero structures intended to enhance the efficiency of photocatalytic CO2reduction.

关键词： Bi4NbO8Br/Bi2WO6 CO2 reduction Heterostructures Photocatalysts

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Magnetoresistive behavior and magnetization reversal of NiFe/Cu/CoFe/IrMn spin valve GMRs in nanoscale

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2013年第7期20卷 700-704页

作者： cong Yin Ze Jia Wei-chao Ma Tian-ling ren Institute of Microelectronics & Tsinghua National Laboratory for Information Science and Technology Tsinghua University

The magnetoresistance behavior and the magnetization reversal mode of NiFe/Cu/CoFe/IrMn spin valve giant magnetoresistance （SV-GMR） in nanoscale were investigated experimentally and theoretically by nanosized magnetic simulation methods. Based on the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation, a model with a special gridding was proposed to calculate the giant magnetoresistance ratio （MR） and investigate the magnetization reversal mode. The relationship between MR and the external magnetic field was obtained and analyzed. Studies into the variation of the magnetization distribution reveal that the magnetization reversal mode, that is, the jump variation mode for NiFe/Cu/CoFe/IrMn, depends greatly on the antiferromagnetic coupling behavior between the pinned layer and the antiferromagnetic layer. It is also found that the switching field is almost linear with the exchange coefficient.

关键词： giant magnetoresistance (GMR) spin valves nanoscale magnetization reversal

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Evolved clustering analysis of 300 MW boiler furnace pressure sequence based on entropy characterization

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2016年第4期59卷 647-656页

作者： GU Hui ren ShaoJun si FengQi XU ZhiGao ZHAO LingLing Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education Southeast University

The furnace process is very important in boiler operation,and furnace pressure works as an important parameter in furnace ***,there is a need to analyze and monitor the pressure signal in ***,little work has been conducted on the relationship with the pressure sequence and boiler’s load under different working *** pressure sequence contains complex information,it demands feature extraction methods from multi-aspect *** this paper,fuzzy c-means analysis method based on weighted validity index(VFCM)has been proposed for the working condition classification based on feature *** deal with the fluctuating and time-varying pressure sequence,feature extraction is taken as nonlinear analysis based on entropy *** kinds of entropy values,extracted from pressure sequence in time-frequency domain,are studied as the clustering objects for work condition *** validity index,taking the close and separation degree into consideration,is calculated on the base of silhouette index and Krzanowski-Lai index to obtain the optimal clustering *** time FCM runs,the weighted validity index evaluates the clustering result and the optimal clustering number will be obtained when it reaches the maximum *** datasets from UCI Machine Learning Repository are presented to certify the effectiveness in *** sequences got from a 300 MW boiler are then taken for case *** result of the pressure sequence case study with an error rate of 0.5332%shows the valuable information on boiler’s load and pressure sequence in *** relationship between boiler’s load and entropy values extracted from pressure sequence is ***,the method can be considered to be a reference method for data mining in other fluctuating and time-varying sequences.

关键词： furnace pressure sequence entropy validity index fuzzy c-means analysis method based on weighted validity index

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