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Case Studies of the Microphysical and Kinematic Structure of Summer Mesoscale Precipitation Clouds over the Eastern Tibetan Plateau

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第1期41卷 97-114页

作者： shuo jia Jiefan YANG Hengchi LEI Key Laboratory of Cloud-Precipitation Physics and Severe Storms Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Three cases of microphysical characteristics and kinematic structures in the negative temperature region of summer mesoscale cloud systems over the eastern Tibetan Plateau(TP)were investigated using X-band dual-polarization *** time-height series of radar physical variables and mesoscale horizontal divergence δderived by quasi-vertical profiles(QVPs)indicated that the dendritic growth layer(DGL,-20°C to-10°C)was ubiquitous,with large-value zones of K_(DP)(specific differential phase),Z_(DR)(differential reflectivity),or both,and corresponded to various dynamic fields(ascent or descent).Ascents in the DGL of cloud systems with vigorous vertical development were coincident with large-value zones of Z_(DR),signifying ice crystals with a large axis ratio,but with no obvious large values of K_(DP),which differs from previous *** is speculated that ascent in the DGL promoted ice crystals to undergo further growth before *** there was descent in the DGL,a high echo top corresponded to large values of K_(DP),denoting a large number concentration of ice crystals;but with the echo top descending,small values of K_(DP) *** is similar to previous results and reveals that a high echo top is conducive to the generation of ice *** ice particles fall to low levels(-10℃ to 0℃),they grow through riming,aggregation,or deposition,and may not be related to the kinematic *** is important to note that this study was only based on a limited number of cases and that further research is therefore needed.

关键词： Tibetan Plateau polarimetric variables microphysics dendritic growth layer kinematic structure aggregation riming

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Aircraft Observation and Simulation of the Supercooled Liquid Water Layer in a Warm Conveyor Belt over North China

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第3期41卷 529-544页

作者： Jiefan YANG Fei YAN Hengchi LEI shuo jia Xiaobo DONG Xiangfeng HU Key Laboratory of Cloud Physics and Severe Storms Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Weather modification office of Hebei Province Hebei Meteorology AdministrationShijiazhuang 050000China

This paper studied a snow event over North China on 21 February 2017,using aircraft in-situ data,a Lagrangian analysis tool,and WRF simulations with different microphysical schemes to investigate the supercooled layer of warm conveyor belts(WCBs).Based on the aircraft data,we found a fine vertical structure within clouds in the WCB and highlighted a 1-2 km thin supercooled liquid water layer with a maximum Liquid Water Content(LWC) exceeding0.5 g kg^(-1) during the vertical aircraft *** the main features of thermodynamic profiles were essentially captured by both modeling schemes,the microphysical quantities exhibited large diversity with different microphysics *** conventional Morrison two-moment scheme showed remarkable agreement with in-situ observations,both in terms of the thermodynamic structure and the supercooled liquid water ***,the microphysical structure of the WCB clouds,in terms of LWC and IWC,was not apparent in HUJI fast bin *** reduce such uncertainty,future work may focus on improving the representation of microphysics in bin schemes with in-situ data and using similar assumptions for all schemes to isolate the impact of physics.

关键词： warm conveyor belt Microphysical properties supercooled liquid water microphysics schemes

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Characteristics of Cloud Water Resource and Precipitation Efficiency of Hydrometeors over Northwest China

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2023年第3期37卷 353-369页

作者： Zhanyu YAO Lin AN Pei ZHANG Liangshu GAO shuo jia Weijian WANG Wenhui ZHAO China Meteorological Administration Cloud–Precipitation Physics and Weather Modification Key Laboratory Weather Modification CentreChina Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081

Understanding the characteristics of cloud water resource(CWR)and precipitation efficiency of hydrometeors(PEh)is imperative for the application of CWR in Northwest *** atmospheric precipitable water(PW)in all four seasons and clouds and PEh in summer were studied with ERA-5 and CloudSat data in this *** results show that topography,especially in the Tibetan Plateau,exerts significant impacts on the precipitation and PW in summer,since large amounts of clouds are distributed along the mountain *** study region is divided into four typical areas:the monsoon area in eastern Northwest China(NWE),the Qilian Mountains area(QM),the Tianshan Mountains area(TM),and the Source of Three Rivers area(STR).Over the four areas,cloud top height(6.3 km)and cloud base height(3.3 km)over NWE are higher,and precipitating clouds are thicker(7 km)in the single-layer *** water content decreases with increasing altitude,while the ice water content first increases and then *** water path is higher over NWE(0.11 kg m^(−2))than over TM and STR(0.05 kg m^(−2)),and the ice water path is mainly concentrated within the range of 0.025–0.055 kg m^(−2).The PEh values are distributed unevenly and affected evidently by the *** the PEh values in the four typical areas(0.3–0.6)are higher than those in other regions,the CWR is relatively abundant and has a higher exploitation ***,it is well-founded to exploit CWR for alleviating water shortages in these areas of Northwest China in summer.

关键词： cloud water resource(CWR) precipitation efficiency of hydrometeors(PEh) precipitable water(PW) cloud Northwest China

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Anti-corrosive and highly reversible zinc metal anode enabled by the phenolic resin coating

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Rare Metals 2024年第5期43卷 2115-2124页

作者： Ya-Ping Wang Ya-Di Yang Shu-Qi Duan Li Wang jia-shuo Guo An-Qiang Pan School of Materials Science and Engineering Hebei University of TechnologyTianjin 300130China Key Laboratory of Special Functional Materials for Ecological Environment and Information(Hebei University of Technology).Ministry of Education Tianjin 300130China Key Laboratory for New Type of Functional Materials in Hebei Province Hebei University of TechnologyTianjin 300130China School of Materials Science and Engineering Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China

Aqueous zinc-ion batteries have attracted much attention due to their high theoretical capacity,low cost high safety,and ***,challenges such as dendrite growth and side reactions severely hinder the electrochemical performance of the Zn anode,leading to low Coulombic efficiency(CE)or even short circuits Herein,phenolic resin(PF)is used as a protective coating on the surface of the zinc metal *** PF layer can greatly improve the corrosion resistance of the Zn electrode in the ***,this artificial electrode/electrolyte interphase also elevates the nucleation barrier and restrains Zn^(2+)2D diffusion,regulating the zinc deposition/dissolution *** a result,PF@Zn symmetric cells exhibit superior performance than that of bare Zn symmetric cells,achieving a stable and dendrite-free cycle of 1400 ***,the carbon nanotube MnO_(2)||PF@Zn(CNT/MnO_(2)||PF@Zn)full cell also delivers a long cycle life with a high-capacity retention of about 180.0 m Ah·g^(-1)after 1400 cycles,far exceeding that of bare Zn *** work provides a facile strategy for achieving a dendrite-free and rechargeable zinc anode.

关键词： Rechargeable aqueous batteries Zn metal anode Phenolic resin Anti-corrosion

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The Extra-Area Effect in 71 Cloud Seeding Operations during Winters of 2008–14 over jiangxi Province, East China

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2019年第3期33卷 528-539页

作者： Weijian WANG Zhanyu YAO jianping GUO Chao TAN shuo jia Wenhui ZHAO Pei ZHANG Liangshu GAO Key Laboratory for Cloud Physics of China Meteorological Administration Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences China Meteorological Administration Beijing 100081 State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences China Meteorological Administration Beijing 100081

Effects of weather modification operations on precipitation in target areas have been widely reported, but little is specifically known about the downwind (extra-area) effects in China. We estimated the extra-area effect of an operational winter (November-February) aircraft cloud-seeding project in northern jiangxi Province in eastern China by using a revised historical target/control regression analysis method based on the precipitation data in winter. The results showed that the overall seasonal average rainfall at the downwind stations increased by 21.67%(p=0.0013). This enhancement effect was detected as far as 120 km away from the target area. Physical testing was used to compare the cloud characteristics before and after seeding on 29 November 2014. A posteriori analysis with respect to the characteristics of cloud units derived from operational weather radar data in jiangxi was performed by tracking cloud units. Radar features in the target unit were enhanced relative to the control unit for more than two hours after the operational cloud seeding, which is indicative of the extra-area seeding effect. The findings could be used to help relieve water shortages in China.

关键词： cloud seeding extra-area effects radar derived rainfall characteristics

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Quantifying soil nitrous oxide emissions in spring freezing-thawing period over different vegetation types in Northeast China

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Journal of Mountain Science 2022年第7期19卷 1919-1930页

作者： WU Bin MU Chang-cheng LIU Hui XU Ya-kun ZHANG Yue YANG jia-shuo XU Wen-nian Hubei Key Laboratory of Construction and Management in Hydropower Engineering China Three Gorges UniversityYichang443002China College of Hydraulic&Environmental Engineering China Three Gorges UniversityYichang443002China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management Northeast Forestry UniversityHarbin150040China Survey Planning and Design Institute of DaxinganlingNational Forestry and Grassland AdministrationDaxinganling165100China Engineering Research Center of Eco-Environment in Three Gorges Reservoir Region Ministry of EducationChina Three Gorges UniversityYichang443002China State Key Laboratory of Forest and Soil Ecology Institute of Applied EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang110016China Hubei Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation China Three Gorges UniversityYichang443002China Key Laboratory of Geological Hazards on Three Gorges Reservoir Area Ministry of EducationYichang443002China

Environmental changes significantly alter the structure,diversity and activity of soil microbial communities during spring freezing-thawing period,leading to changes in the soil microbial nitrogen *** in N_(2)O fluxes after land use conversion from primary forest to secondary forest,Korean pine plantation and cropland in northeast China have not been *** experiments were conducted to measure soil N_(2)O fluxes in a primary forest,two secondary forests,a Korean pine plantation,and one maize field in a temperate region in northeast China from 2017-03-06 to *** the experimental period,the soil was exclusively a nitrogen source for all land *** found that N_(2)O emissions ranged from 15.63 to 68.74μg m^(-2) h^(-1),and cumulative N_(2)O emissions ranged from 0.33 to 2.10 kg ha^(-1) during the *** N_(2)O emissions from the maize field were significantly higher than that from primary forest,Korean pine plantation,hardwood forest,and Betula platyphylla forest by 262.1% to 536.4%.Compared with other ecosystems in similar studies,the N_(2)O emission rates of all ecosystem types in this study were low during the spring thaw *** multiple linear regression indicated that there were significant correlations between N_(2)O emissions and environmental factors(air temperature and soil temperature,soil water content,soil p H,NH_(4)^(+)-N,NO_(3)^(-)-N,and soil organic carbon).The results showed that conversion of land use from primary forest to hardwood forest,Korean pine plantation or maize field greatly increased soil N_(2)O emissions during spring freezing-thawing period,and N_(2)O emissions from primary forest were almost the same as those from Betula platyphylla forest.

关键词： N_(2)O emission Land use change Environmental factors Nitrogen cycle

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Viscosity and structure relationship with equimolar substitution of CaO with MgO in the CaO–MgO–Al_(2)O_(3)–SiO_(2)slag melts

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2025年第1期32卷 70-79页

作者： Yong Hou shuo Zhang Jie Dang jia Guo Hanghang Zhou Xuewei Lü College of Materials Science and Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China Chongqing Key Laboratory of Vanadium-Titanium Metallurgy and New Materials Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China

Currently,the Al_(2)O_(3)content in the high-alumina slag systems within blast furnaces is generally limited to 16wt%–18.5wt%,making it challenging to overcome this *** most studies that concentrated on managing the MgO/Al_(2)O_(3)ratio or basicity,this paper explored the effect of equimolar substitution of MgO for CaO on the viscosity and structure of a high-alumina CaO-MgO-Al_(2)O_(3)-SiO_(2)slag system,providing theoretical guidance and data to facilitate the application of high-alumina *** results revealed that the viscosity first decreased and then increased with higher MgO substitution,reaching a minimum at 15mol%MgO *** transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)results found that the depths of the troughs representing[SiO_(4)]tetrahedra,[AlO_(4)]tetrahedra,and Si-O-Al bending became progressively deeper with increased MgO *** of the Raman spectra showed that the average number of bridging oxygens per Si atom and the X_(Q^(3))/X_(Q^(2))(X_(Q^(i))is the molar fraction of Q^(i) unit,and i is the number of bridging oxygens in a[SiO_(4)]tetrahedral unit)ratio increased from 2.30 and 1.02 to 2.52 and 2.14,respectively,indicating a progressive polymerization of the silicate structure.X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)results highlighted that non-bridging oxygen content decreased from 77.97mol% to 63.41mol% with increasing MgO concentration,whereas bridging oxygen and free oxygen contents *** analysis demonstrated a gradual increase in the polymerization degree of the tetrahedral structure with the increase in MgO ***,bond strength is another important factor affecting the slag *** occurrence of a viscosity minimum can be attributed to the complex evolution of bond strengths of non-bridging oxygens generated during depolymerization of the[SiO_(4)]and[AlO_(4)]tetrahedral structures by CaO and MgO.

关键词： aluminosilicate viscosity structure spectroscopy

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Application of energy,electronic and interface bonding properties in highly reliable brazing joints between dissimilar materials

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钢铁研究学报（英文版） 2024年第10期31卷 2344-2364页

作者： Xing-xing Wang Yuan-long jiang jia-shuo Chang Zhi-peng Yuan jian-jun Shi Zi-cheng Ling Jun-yi jiang Hong-gang Dong Fei Gao Jinhua Shuanghuan Brazing Alloys Co. Ltd.Jinhua 321000ZhejiangChina School of Materials Science and Engineering Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024LiaoningChina Henan International Joint Laboratory of High-Efficiency Special Green Welding North China University of Water Resources and Electric PowerZhengzhou 450045HenanChina Henan International Joint Laboratory of High-Efficiency Special Green Welding North China University of Water Resources and Electric PowerZhengzhou 450045HenanChina Jinhua Shuanghuan Brazing Alloys Co. Ltd.Jinhua 321000ZhejiangChina School of Materials Science and Engineering Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024LiaoningChina Luoyang Bearing Research Institute Co. Ltd.Luoyang 471000HenanChina

Brazing,an important welding and joining technology,can achieve precision joining of materials in advanced *** the first principle calculation is a new material simulation method in high-throughput *** can calculate the interfacial structure,band structure,electronic structure,and other properties between dissimilar materials,predicting various *** plays an important role in assisting practical research and guiding experimental designs by predicting material *** can largely improve the quality of welded components and joining *** relevant theoretical foundation is reviewed,including the first principle and density functional ***-correlation functional and pseudopotential plane wave approach was also ***,the latest research progress of the first principle in brazing was also *** application of first principle calculation mainly includes formation energy,adsorption energy,surface energy,adhesion work,interfacial energy,interfacial contact angle,charge density differences,density of states,and mulliken *** energy,mechanical,and electronic properties were ***,the limitations and shortcomings of the research in the first principle calculation of brazed interface were pointed *** developmental directions were presented to provide reference and theoretical basis for realizing high-throughput calculations of brazed joint interfaces.

关键词： Brazing First principle Joining interface Density functional theory Bonding property Dissimilar material

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Combined analysis of imaging tumor capsule with imaging tumor size guides the width of resection margin for solitary hepatocellular carcinoma

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2022年第6期21卷 551-558页

作者： jia-shuo Chao Qi Zhu De-Sheng Chen Gui-Ming Chen Xue-Qian Xie Ai-Qun Liu Sen-Lin Zhao Hong-Cheng Sun Department of General Surgery Shanghai General HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200080China Department of Radiology Shanghai General HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200080China Department of Colorectal Surgery Fudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghai 200032China

Background:The optimal width of resection margin(RM)for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)remains *** study aimed to investigate the value of imaging tumor capsule(ITC)and imaging tu-mor size(ITS)in guiding RM width for patients with ***:Patients who underwent hepatectomy for HCC in our center were retrospectively ***(complete/incomplete)and ITS(≤3 cm/>3 cm)were assessed by preoperative magnetic resonance imaging(MRI).Using subgroup analyses based on ITC and ITS,the impact of RM width[narrow RM(3 cm and complete ITC,the narrow RM group exhibited comparable RFS,OS,and incidence of RM recurrence with the wide RM group(P=0.606,0.916,and 0.649,respectively).However,in patients with ITS>3 cm and incomplete ITC,the wide RM group showed better RFS and OS and a lower incidence of RM recurrence compared with the narrow RM group(P=0.037,0.018,and 0.046,respectively).Conclusions:As MRI-based preoperative markers,conjoint analysis of ITC with ITS aids in determining RM width for solitary HCC *** RM is applicable in patients with ITS≤3 cm regardless of ITC status and in those with ITS>3 cm and complete *** RM is preferred in those with ITS>3 cm and incomplete ITC.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Resection Hepatectomy Magnetic resonance imaging Preoperative imaging

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Zebrafish as a Model for Human Ciliopathies

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2016年第3期43卷 107-120页

作者： Zhu Song Xiaoli Zhang shuo jia Pamela C.Yelick Chengtian Zhao Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity College of Marine Life Science Ocean University of China Department of Orthodontics Division of Craniofacial and Molecular Genetics Tufts University Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology

Cilia, microtubule-based structures found on the surface of almost all vertebrate cells, play an array of diverse biological functions. Abnormal ciliary axonemal structure and function can result in a class of genetic disorders that are collectively termed ciliopathies. Model organisms, including Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and Caenorhabditis elegans have been widely used to study the complex genetic basis of ciliopathies. Here, we review the advantages of the zebrafish as a vertebrate model for human ciliopathies. We summarize the features of zebrafish cilia, and the major findings and contributions of the zebrafish model in recent studies of human ciliopathies. We also discuss the new genome editing approaches being efficiently used in zebrafish, and the exciting prospects of these approaches in modeling human ciliopathies.

关键词： Cilia Zebrafish Ciliopathy Disease model

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