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Soil Microbiological and Biochemical Properties as Affected by Different Long-Term Banana-Based Rotations in the Tropics

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Pedosphere 2015年第6期25卷 868-877页

作者： zhong shuang ZENG Huicai JIN Zhiqiang Haikou Experimental Station Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences Hainan Key Laboratory of Banana Genetic Improvement Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences

Soil microbiological and biochemical properties under various field crop rotations such as grains, pastures and vegetables have been studied intensively under short-term period. However, there is limited information about the influence of banana-based rotations on soil organic C, total N(TN), microbial biomasses and enzyme activities under long-term crop rotations. A field experiment arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replicates was carried out at the Wanzhong Farm in Ledong(18?37′–18?38′N, 108?46′–108?48′E), Hainan Province, China, to compare the responses of these soil parameters to long-term(10-year) banana(Musa paradisiaca)-pineapple(Ananas) rotation(AB), banana-papaya(Carica) rotation(BB) and banana monoculture(CK) in a conventional tillage system in the Hainan Island. Soil p H, total organic C(TOC), dissolved organic C(DOC), TN, total P(TP) and available P(AP) were found to be significantly higher(P < 0.01) in AB and BB than CK at 0–30 cm soil depth. Microbial biomass C(MBC) and N(MBN) were observed 18.0%–35.2% higher in AB and 8.6%–40.5% higher in BB than CK at 0–30 cm. The activities of urease(UA), invertase(IA), dehydrogenase(DA) and acid phosphatase(APA) showed a mean of 21.5%–59.6% increase in AB and 26.7%–66.1% increase in BB compared with CK at 0–30 cm. Higher p H, TOC and DOC at 0–10 and 10–20 cm than at 20–30 cm were obtained despite of the rotations. Soil MBC and MBN and activities of UA, IA and DA decreased markedly(P < 0.01) with increasing soil depth in the different rotation soils as well as the monoculture soil. In general, soil microbial biomass and enzymatic activities were more sensitive to changes in banana-based rotations than soil chemical properties, and consequently they were well-established as early indicators of changes due to crop rotations in the tropics.

关键词： crop rotations enzymatic activities microbial biomass monoculture soil chemical properties

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Responses of Soil Nematode Abundance and Diversity to Long-Term Crop Rotations in Tropical China

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Pedosphere 2015年第6期25卷 844-852页

A field experiment was carried out from 2003 to 2013 in the Wanzhong Farm of the Hainan Island, China, to determine the effects of two long-term banana rotations on the abundance and trophic groups of soil nematode communities in the island. The experiment was set out as a randomized complete block design with three replications of three treatments： banana-pineapple rotation （AB）, banana-papaya rotation （BB） and banana monoculture （CK） in a conventional tillage system. Soil samples were taken at depths of 0-10, 10-20 and 20-30 cm, and nematodes were extracted by a modified cotton-wool filter method and identified to the genus level. Nematode ecological indices of Shannon-Weaver diversity （Ht）, dominance index （A）, maturity index （MI）, plant parasite index （PPI）, structure index （SI）, enrichment index （EI）, and channel index （CI） were calculated. A total of 28 nematode genera with relative abundance over 0.1% were identified, among which Tylenchus and Paratylenchus in the AB, Thonus in the BB, Tylenchus and Helicotylenchus in the CK were the dominant genera. The rotation soils favored bacterivores, fungivores and omnivores-predators with high colonizer-persister （c-p） values. Soil food web in the rotation systems was highly structured, mature and enriched as indicated by SI, MI and EI values, respectively. Higher abundance of bacterivores and lower values of CI suggested that the soil food web was dominated by a bacterial decomposition pathway in rotation soils. Nematode diversity was much higher after a decade of rotation. Soil depth had significant effects on the abundance of soil nematodes, but only on two nematode ecological indices （λ and MI）.

关键词： banana ecological index nematode community rotation system taxon trophic group

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Effects of the cosmological constant on chaos in an FRW scalar field universe

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2009年第11期9卷 1185-1191页

作者： Da-Zhu Ma Xin Wu shuang-Ying zhong Department of Physics Nanchang University Nanchang 330031 China Department of Physics Hubei University for Nationalities Enshi 445000 China

The dependence of chaos on two parameters of the cosmological constant and the self-interacting coefficient in the imaginary phase space for a closed Friedman- Robertson-Walker （FRW） universe with a conformally coupled scalar field, as the full understanding of the dependence in real phase space, is investigated numerically. It is found that Poincar6 plots for the two parameters less than 1 are almost the same as those in the absence of the cosmological constant and self-interacting terms. For energies below the energy threshold of 0.5 for the imaginary problem in which there are no cosmological constant and self-interacting terms, an abrupt transition to chaos occurs when at least one of the two parameters is 1. However, the strength of the chaos does not increase for energies larger than the threshold. For other situations of the two parameters larger than 1, chaos is weaker, and even disappears as the two parameters increase.

关键词： cosmology cosmological parameters -- methods numerical

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Establishment and validation of health vulnerability and adaptation indices under extreme weather events on the basis of the 2016 flood in Anhui province,China

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2021年第5期12卷 649-659页

作者： zhong shuang CHENG Qiu HUANG Cun-Rui WANG Zhe Center for Chinese Public Administration Research School of GovernmentSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou510275China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Meteorology and Health Shanghai Meteorological ServiceShanghai200030China Department of Health Policy&Management School of Public HealthSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China School of Public Health Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450000China Public Health Emergency Center Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing102206China

Climate change could intensify extreme weather events,such as flooding,which amplifies the public health threat of waterborne ***,assessing health vulnerability and adaptation(V&A)could facilitate nationally effective responses to extreme climate ***,related studies are still negligible,and the assessment urgently needs to be validated with actual health data after extreme weather *** established health V&A indices through literature review and factor ***,we separately mapped the spatial distribution of flood exposure,social and public health sensitivity,and adaptive capacity before the 2016 flood in Anhui province and compared it with post-flood diarrhea risks by using the geographic information system method to assess health ***,we validated the indices by exploring the relationship between health V&A indices and post-flood diarrhea risks by using the quantile regression *** revealed that health V&A can be framed and categorized as key components of exposure,sensitivity,and adaptive *** remarkable differences in the spatial distribution of health vulnerability were generally consistent with the demographic sensitivity,geographic flooding exposure,and post-flood diarrhea risks in *** addition,health V&A indices exerted significant positive impacts on infectious diarrhea post-flooding at all quantiles and were significant across different ***,the impacts of flood exposure on total infectious diarrhea were high and continuous,whereas the impacts of sensitivity were not obvious in the flood's early stage(Coeff=0.643;p<0.001)but high in the flood's middle(Coeff=0.997;p<0.001)and late stages(Coeff=0.975;p<0.001).However,the impacts of adaptive capacity were heterogeneous and high in the flood's early stage(Coeff=0.665;p<0.001 at the 25th percentile)and late stage(Coeff=1.296;p<0.001 at the 75th percentile)but were insignificant at the 50th *** study contributed va

关键词： Climate change Climate extreme events China Diarrhea Flood Health vulnerability and adaptation

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Four years of free-air CO_2 enrichment enhance soil C concentrations in a Chinese wheat field

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2009年第9期21卷 1221-1224页

作者： zhong shuang LIANG Wenju LOU Yilai LI Qi ZHU Jianguo Key Laboratory of Terrestrial Ecological Process Institute of Applied Ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang 110016 China. Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 China Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

Elevated atmospheric CO2 can influence soil C dynamics in agroecosystems. The effects of free-air CO2 enrichment （FACE） and N fertilization on soil organic C （Corg）, dissolved organic C （DOC）, microbial biomass C （Cmic） and soil basal respiration （SBR） were investigated in a Chinese wheat field after expose to elevated CO2 for four full years. The results indicated that elevated CO2 has stimulative effects on soil C concentrations regardless of N fertilization. Following the elevated CO2, the concentrations of Corg and SBR were increased at wheat jointing stage, and those of DOC and Cmic were enhanced obviously across the wheat jointing stage and the fallow period after wheat harvest. On the other hand, N fertilization did not significantly affect the content of soil C. Significant correlations were found among DOC, Cmic, and SBR in this study.

关键词： dissolved organic C free air CO2 enrichment microbial biomass C N fertilization soil basal respiration soil organic C

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Promoted hydrolysis performances and mechanism of Si-NaBH4-AlCl_(3) in deionized water

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2020年第12期28卷 3136-3144页

作者： Zhao Feng Chaoling Wu shuang zhong Yungui Chen Hui Chen Yao Wang Department of Advanced Energy Materials College of Materials Science and EngineeringSichuan UniversityChengdu 610207China Engineering Research Center of Alternative Energy Materials&Devices Ministry of EducationChengdu 610064China Institute of New Energy and Low-Carbon Technology Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610207China

Si-based hydrolysis material system can be used in mobile/portable hydrogen source applications connected to fuel cells but is limited by alkaline *** the present research,we reported an acid/alkaline free hydrolysis systemcombining siliconwith *** different ratios between Si and NaBH4 are prepared via high energy ball milling and hydrolyzed in deionized water at different *** effect between silicon and NaBH4was found in the hydrolysis process.2Si-NaBH4 sample displays the best hydrolysis performances with the hydrogen yield of 1594 ml·g^(−1) in deionized water at 70℃.Thereafter,AlCl3 is added into the 2Si-NaBH4 sample to further improve its comprehensive *** effect of AlCl3 content and promotion mechanism of the reaction are explored.2Si-NaBH4-5 wt% AlCl3 sample shows a significant improvement with a high hydrogen yield of 1689 ml·g^(−1) in deionized water at 70℃ and a corresponding conversion rate of 95.8%,indicating that the Si-NaBH4-AlCl3 composite is promising to be a hydrogen source in applications of mobile/portable fuelcell-powered facilities.

关键词： Hydrolysis Hydrogen generation Si-NaBH4-AlCl_(3)composite Synergetic effect

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Influence of Backbone Structure on Properties of Directly Polymerized Phenoxy Resins from Epichlorohydrin and Various Aromatic Dihydric Phenols Monomers

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2007年第5期23卷 607-612页

作者： CAI Hong-li BI Da-wu SHAO Ke zhong shuang-ling NA Hui Alan G. MacDiarmid Institute College of Chemistry Jilin University Changchun 130021 P. R. China

A series of phenoxy resins was directly prepared through the polymerization of each of the various aromatic dihydric phenols and *** and 1H NMR spectra were recorded to characterize the structures of the *** GPC curves were used to determine the molecular weight *** addition,the thermal properties of the resins were studied with differential scanning calorimetry（DSC）and thermal gravimetric analysis（TGA）.The thermal stabilities of the polymers increased with the content of the benzene ring,pendant group increasing or biphenyl groups *** adhesive properties of the polymers were evaluated in terms of the lap shear strength with Fe-Fe *** fracture mechanisms were determined by SEM observation and it was found that there was an important participation of cohesive fracture ***,it has been demonstrated that the extension of these micro-cohesive mechanisms is directly correlated with the adhesive *** to these results,the phenoxy resin containing biphenyl groups presented a higher adhesive strength and could improve the adhesive property of the epoxy/phenoxy system to a certain extent.

关键词： Phenoxy resin Thermal property Adhesive property

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Biomarkers of preschool children with autism spectrum disorder:quantitative analysis of whole-brain tissue component volumes,intelligence scores,ADOS-CSS,and ages of first-word production and walking onset

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第10期20卷 1059-1069页

作者： Xiang Zhou Wu-Sheng Lin Feng-Yun Zou shuang-shuang zhong Ya-Yin Deng Xiao-Wen Luo Li-Shan Shen Shi-Huan Wang Ruo-Mi Guo Department of Radiology The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen UniversityNo.600 Tianhe RoadGuangzhou510630China Department of Child Development and Behavior Center The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen UniversityNo.600 Tianhe RoadGuangzhou510630China

Background Preschooling is a critical time for intervention in children with autism spectrum disorder(ASD);thus,we analyzed brain tissue component volumes(BTCVs)and clinical indicators in preschool children with ASD to identify new biomarkers for early *** Eighty preschool children(3–6 years)with ASD were retrospectively *** whole-brain myelin content(MyC),white matter(WM),gray matter(GM),cerebrospinal fluid(CSF),and non-WM/GM/MyC/CSF brain component volumes were obtained using synthetic magnetic resonance imaging(SyMRI).Clinical data,such as intelligence scores,autism diagnostic observation schedule-calibrated severity scores,age at first production of single words(AFSW),age at first production of phrases(AFP),and age at walking onset(AWO),were also *** correlation between the BTCV and clinical data was evaluated,and the effect of BTCVs on clinical data was assessed by a regression *** WM and GM volumes were positively correlated with intelligence scores(both P<0.001),but WM and GM did not affect intelligence scores(P=0.116,P=0.290).AWO was positively correlated with AFSW and AFP(both P<0.001).The multivariate linear regression analysis revealed that MyC,AFSW,AFP,and AWO were significantly different(P=0.005,P<0.001,P<0.001).Conclusions This study revealed positive correlations between WM and GM volumes and intelligence ***-brain MyC affected AFSW,AFP,and AWO in preschool children with *** quantification of BTCVs via SyMRI revealed a new visualizable and quantifiable biomarker(abnormal MyC)for early ASD screening in preschool children.

关键词： Autism spectrum disorder Gray matter-Magnetic resonance imaging Myelin White matter

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Nitrogen-rich carbon for catalytic activation of peroxymonosulfate towards green synthesis

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第11期35卷 243-248页

作者： Yu Yao Jinqiang Zhang Yantao Wang Kunsheng Hu Yangyang Yang zhongshuai Zhu shuang zhong Huayang Zhang Shaobin Wang Xiaoguang Duan School of Chemical Engineering The University of AdelaideAdelaideSA 5005Australia School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013China

Nitrogen-doped carbon(N-C)materials have demonstrated exceptional performances in activating peroxymonosulfate(PMS)for environmental ***,accommodating higher nitrogen contents remains challenging in N-C due to the thermodynamic instability of C-N *** this study,we proposed an innovative epitaxial growth approach to synthesize two-dimensional N-C *** the abundant amino groups supplied by the polymer dots as growing sites,we successfully attained a high nitrogen level and spontaneously introduced abundant structural defects in the carbon *** resulting N-C nanosheets exhibited outstanding catalytic activity for the activation of PMS toward selective oxidation of diethyl 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-3,5-pyridinedicarboxylate(1,4-DHP)into diethyl2,6-dimethylpyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate,which serves as a valuable intermediate in the synthesis of various pharmaceutical *** experimental and characterization investigations verified that the nitrogen sites and defects are the primary active sites for PMS activation and selective oxidation of 1,*** work offered an efficient approach for the fabrication of high-nitrogen-loading carbon materials for catalytic oxidation reactions.

关键词： Nitrogen-rich carbon Peroxymonosulfate Selective oxidation Electron transfer process Catalytic synthesis

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MdWRKY15 improves resistance of apple to Botryosphaeria dothidea via the salicylic acid-mediated pathway by directly binding the MdICS1 promoter^FA

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2020年第4期62卷 527-543页

作者： Xian-Yan Zhao Chen-Hui Qi Han Jiang Ming-shuang zhong Chun-Xiang You Yuan-Yuan Li Yu-Jin Hao State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple College of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology MOA Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Germplasm InnovationShandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit&Vegetable Quality and Efficient ProductionCollege of Horticulture Science and EngineeringShandong Agricultural UniversityTai-An 271018China

Isochorismate synthase(ICS) plays an essential role in the accumulation of salicylic acid(SA) and plant disease resistance. Diseases caused by Botryosphaeria dothidea affect apple yields. Thus, it is important to understand the role of ICS1 in disease resistance to B. dothidea in apple. In this study, SA treatment enhanced the resistance to B. dothidea. Md ICS1 was induced by B. dothidea and enhanced the resistance to B. dothidea. Md ICS1 promoter analysis indicated that the W-box was vital for the response to B. dothidea treatment. Md WRKY15 was found to interact with the W-box using yeast one-hybrid screening. Subsequently, the interaction was confirmed by EMSA, yeast one-hybrid, Ch IP-PCR, and quantitative PCR assays. Moreover, luciferase and GUS analysis further indicated thatMd ICS1 was transcriptionally activated by Md WRKY15. Finally, we found the function of Md WRKY15 in the resistance to B. dothidea was partially dependent on Md ICS1 from the phenotype of transgenic apples and calli. In summary, we revealed that Md WRKY15 activated the transcription of Md ICS1 by directly binding to its promoter to increase the accumulation of SA and the expression of disease-related genes, thereby resulting in the enhanced resistance to *** in the SA biosynthesis pathway.

关键词： resistance thereby fir

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