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Spatial transcriptomics combined with single-nucleus RNA sequencing reveals glial cell heterogeneity in the human spinal cord

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3302-3316页

作者： Yali Chen Yiyong Wei Jin Liu Tao Zhu Cheng zhou Donghang Zhang Department of Anesthesiology West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan ProvinceChina Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Translational Medicine of AnesthesiologyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan ProvinceChina Department of Anesthesiology Longgang District Maternity&Child Healthcare Hospital of Shenzhen City(Longgang Maternity and Child Institute of Shantou University Medical College)ShenzhenGuangdong ProvinceChina Department of Anesthesiology Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyiGuizhou ProvinceChina

Glial cells play crucial roles in regulating physiological and pathological functions,including sensation,the response to infection and acute injury,and chronic neurodegenerative *** cells include astrocytes,microglia,and oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system,and satellite glial cells and Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous *** the greater understanding of glial cell types and functional heterogeneity achieved through single-cell and single-nucleus RNA sequencing in animal models,few studies have investigated the transcriptomic profiles of glial cells in the human spinal ***,we used high-throughput single-nucleus RNA sequencing and spatial transcriptomics to map the cellular and molecular heterogeneity of astrocytes,microglia,and oligodendrocytes in the human spinal *** explore the conservation and divergence across species,we compared these findings with those from *** the human spinal cord,astrocytes,microglia,and oligodendrocytes were each divided into six distinct transcriptomic *** the mouse spinal cord,astrocytes,microglia,and oligodendrocytes were divided into five,four,and five distinct transcriptomic subclusters,*** comparative results revealed substantial heterogeneity in all glial cell types between humans and ***,we detected sex differences in gene expression in human spinal cord glial ***,in all astrocyte subtypes,the levels of NEAT1 and CHI3L1 were higher in males than in females,whereas the levels of CST3 were lower in males than in *** all microglial subtypes,all differentially expressed genes were located on the sex *** addition to sex-specific gene differences,the levels of MT-ND4,MT2A,MT-ATP6,MT-CO3,MT-ND2,MT-ND3,and MT-CO_(2) in all spinal cord oligodendrocyte subtypes were higher in females than in ***,the present dataset extensively characterizes glial cell heterogeneity and offers a valuable resource for explo

关键词： astrocyte glial cell human microglia oligodendrocyte sex differentiation single-nucleus RNA sequencing spatial transcriptomics species variation spinal cord

Bioinspired Passive Tactile Sensors Enabled by Reversible Polarization of Conjugated Polymers

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第1期17卷 361-377页

作者： Feng He Sitong Chen Ruili zhou Hanyu Diao Yangyang Han Xiaodong Wu School of Mechanical Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065People’s Republic of China School of Software Engineering Chongqing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsChongqing 400065People’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065People’s Republic of China

Tactile perception plays a vital role for the human body and is also highly desired for smart prosthesis and advanced *** to active sensing devices,passive piezoelectric and triboelectric tactile sensors consume less power,but lack the capability to resolve static ***,we address this issue by utilizing the unique polarization chemistry of conjugated polymers for the first time and propose a new type of bioinspired,passive,and bio-friendly tactile sensors for resolving both static and dynamic ***,to emulate the polarization process of natural sensory cells,conjugated polymers(including poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophen e):poly(styrenesulfonate),polyaniline,or polypyrrole)are controllably polarized into two opposite states to create artificial potential *** controllable and reversible polarization process of the conjugated polymers is fully in situ ***,a micro-structured ionic electrolyte is employed to imitate the natural ion channels and to encode external touch stimulations into the variation in potential difference *** with the currently existing tactile sensing devices,the developed tactile sensors feature distinct characteristics including fully organic composition,high sensitivity(up to 773 mV N^(−1)),ultralow power consumption(nW),as well as superior *** demonstrations,both single point tactile perception(surface texture perception and material property perception)and two-dimensional tactile recognitions(shape or profile perception)with high accuracy are successfully realized using self-defined machine learning *** tactile sensing concept innovation based on the polarization chemistry of conjugated polymers opens up a new path to create robotic tactile sensors and prosthetic electronic skins.

关键词： Passive tactile sensors Reversible polarization of conjugated polymers Tactile perception Machine learning algorithm Object recognition

Spinal Cord Stimulation Enhances Microglial Activation in the Spinal Cord of Nerve-Injured Rats

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2020年第12期36卷 1441-1453页

作者： Bin shu Shao-Qiu He yun Guan Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine School of MedicineJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMD 21205USA Present Address:Department of Anesthesiology Tongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030China Department of Neurological Surgery School of MedicineJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMD 21205USA

Microglia can modulate spinal nociceptive ***,their role in spinal cord stimulation(SCS)-induced pain inhibition is ***,we examined how SCS affects microglial activation in the lumbar cord of rats with chronic constriction injury(CCI)of the sciatic *** rats received conventional SCS(50 Hz,80%motor threshold,180 min,2 sessions/day)or sham stimulation on days 18-20 *** transiently attenuated the mechanical hypersensitivity in the ipsilateral hind paw and increased OX-42 immunoreactivity in the bilateral dorsal *** also upregulated the mRNAs of Ml-like markers,but not M2-like *** NOS protein expression was increased,but brain-derived neurotrophic factor was decreased after *** minocycline(1μg-100μg),which inhibits microglial activation,dosedependently attenuated the mechanical *** with low-dose minocycline(1μg,30 min)prolonged the SCS-induced pain *** findings suggest that conventional SCS may paradoxically increase spinal M1-like microglial activity and thereby compromise its own ability to inhibit pain.

关键词： Spinal cord stimulation Microglia Neuropathic pain Spinal cord Rat

Advancing Modernisation Through Exchanges

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ChinAfrica 2025年第1期17卷 16-17页

作者： zhou QIAN HU LANYIN Institute of African Studies Zhejiang Normal University Zhejiang Normal University

In his keynote speech at the open-ing ceremony of the Beijing Summit of the Forum on China Africa Cooperation(FOCAC)in September 2024,Chinese President Xi Jinping emphasised that China will enhance people-to-people and cultural exchanges with Africa,champion mutual respect,inclusiveness and coexistence of di"erent civilisations on the way to modernisation,and strive together for more fruitful outcomes under the Global Civilisation Initiative.

关键词： mutual Africa fruitful

PRECONDITIONING HIGHER ORDER FINITE ELEMENT SYSTEMS BY ALGEBRAIC MULTIGRID METHOD OF LINEAR ELEMENTS

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Journal of Computational Mathematics 2006年第5期24卷 657-664页

作者： yun-qing Huang Shi shu Xi-jun Yu Hunan Key Laboratory for Computation and Simulation in Science and Engineering Institute for Computational and Applied Mathematics Xiangtan University Xiangtan 411105 China Laboratory of Computational Physics Institute of Applied physics and Computational Mathematics Beijing 100088 China

We present and analyze a robust preconditioned conjugate gradient method for the higher order Lagrangian finite element systems of a class of elliptic problems. An auxiliary linear element stiffness matrix is chosen to be the preconditioner for higher order finite elements. Then an algebraic multigrid method of linear finite element is applied for solving the preconditioner. The optimal condition number which is independent of the mesh size is obtained. Numerical experiments confirm the efficiency of the algorithm.

关键词： Finite element Algebraic multigrid methods Preconditioned Conjugate Gradient Condition number.

Catalytic reduction of NO_x by biomass-derived activated carbon supported metals

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2018年第10期26卷 2077-2083页

作者： yun shu Fan Zhang Fan Wang Hongmei Wang Research Center of Air Pollution Control Technology Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences

In this study,to prepare a series of activated carbon-supported metals for the catalytic reduction of NO_x to N_2 in excess O_2,activated carbons derived from lignocellulosic and herbaceous biomasses were selected as the reducing agents,and alkali and transition metals were used as the catalytic active *** effects of the type of biomass,carbonization temperature and catalyst composition on NO_x reduction efficiency were analyzed in a fixed-bed flow *** results showed that two temperature regimes are present for the NO_x-carbon reaction:at temperatures below 250°C,the NO_x adsorption process on the carbon surface was predominant,whereas true NO_x reduction by carbon occurred at temperatures above 250°C,producing N_2,CO_2 and *** influence of the carbonization temperature on carbon reactivity depended on the effect of the carbonization temperature on the carbon surface area and the reduction of the metal species on *** studied metals catalyzed both NO_xand O_2reduction by carbon,and potassium could strongly enhance the C-NO_x reaction without substantial carbon consumption by O_***,the potassium supported by sawdust-derived activated carbon exhibited higher selectivity and capacity towards NO_x reduction than did its previously reported coal-derived *** properties were ascribed to the high dispersion of the active potassium species on the carbon surface,as observed through the comparison of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and powder X-ray diffraction results for the carbons made from biomass and coal-based precursors.

关键词： Biomass NOx reduction Activated carbon Selectivity

GNSS gyroscopes:determination of angular velocity and acceleration with very high-rate GNSS

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Satellite Navigation 2024年第1期5卷 74-90页

作者： yun Shi Peiliang Xu Yuanming shu Xiaolin Meng School of Geomatics Xi’an University of Science and TechnologyXi’an710054People’s Republic of China Disaster Prevention Research Institute Kyoto UniversityUjiKyoto611-0011Japan College of Marine Geosciences Ocean University of ChinaQingdaoPeople’s Republic of China School of Instrument Science and Engineering Southeast UniversityNanjing210096People’s Republic of China

Although global navigation satellite systems(GNSS)have been routinely applied to determine attitudes,there exists no literature on determining angular velocity and/or angular acceleration from *** by the invention of computerized accelerometers of the correspondence author and following the success of accurately recovering translational velocity and acceleration waveforms from very high-rate GNSS precise positioning by Xu and his collaborators in 2021,we propose the concept of GNSS gyroscopes and reconstruct angular velocity and acceleration from very high-rate GNSS attitudes by applying regularization under the criterion of minimum mean squared *** major results from the experiments can be summarized in the following:(i)angular velocity and acceleration waveforms computed by applying the difference methods to high-rate GNSS attitudes are too noisy and can be physically not meaningful and numerically *** same can be said about inertial measurement unit(IMU)attitudes,if IMU gyros are not of very high accuracy;(ii)regularization is successfully applied to reconstruct the high-rate angular velocity and acceleration waveforms from 50 Hz GNSS attitudes and significantly outperforms the difference methods,validating the proposed concept of GNSS *** comparing the angular velocity and acceleration results by using the difference methods and regularization,we find that the peak values of angular velocity and acceleration by regularization are much smaller by a maximum factor of 1.57 in the angular velocity to a maximum factor of 8662.53 times in the angular acceleration in the case of high-rate GNSS,and by a maximum factor of 1.26 in the angular velocity to a maximum factor of 2819.85 times in the angular acceleration in the case of IMU,respectively;and(iii)the IMU attitudes apparently lead to better regularized angular velocity and acceleration waveforms than the high-rate GNSS attitudes,which can well be explained by the fact that the

关键词： Angular velocity Angular acceleration High-rate GNSS GNSS attitudes GNSS gyroscopes Regularization

Effects of single lance configuration on coal combustion process in tuyere from viewpoint of coal plume

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2021年第7期28卷 785-798页

作者： yun-hua zhou Ping zhou Jia-yun Dan Hong-jie Yan Dong-ling Wu Valin Xiangtan Iron and Steel Corporation Xiangtan 411101HunanChina School of Energy Science and Engineering Central South UniversityChangsha 410083HunanChina

Pulverized coal utilization in the blast furnace is decided by the particle flow and combustion behaviors in the *** a specific operating condition,these behaviors are directly related to the lance configuration in the upstream tuyere *** on single straight lance,six types of single lance configurations were designed by assembling four parameters in different *** four parameters are the lance diameter,lance insertion angle,and the horizontal and vertical distances from the lance tip to the tuyere *** different lance configuration schemes applied,the pulverized coal combustion process in the lance-blowpipe-tuyere zone was *** simulation results regarding particle diffusion and combustion behaviors were characterized by three indicators from the viewpoint of a coal *** are the plume diffusion angle,diffusion uniformity,and the average plume temperature at the tuyere *** promote coal utilization,the values of these indicators under different configurations were analyzed,yielding two optimal *** first one is to reduce the lance length immersed in the blowpipe-tuyere by 100 *** other is to increase the horizontal distance from the lance tip to the tuyere outlet by 50 mm,and the insertion angle to 11° with the lance tip located at the tuyere *** findings can enhance the understanding of the influence mechanism of lance con-figuration on the coal utilization and provide guidelines for the design of new lance configurations.

关键词： Pulverized coal plume Particle dispersion Lance configuration Blast furnace

Non-coding RNAs in acute ischemic stroke:from brain to periphery

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 116-129页

作者： shuo Li Zhaohan Xu Shiyao Zhang Huiling Sun Xiaodan Qin Lin Zhu Teng Jiang Junshan zhou Fuling Yan Qiwen Deng Department of Neurology Nanjing First HospitalNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Neurology Zhongda HospitalSchool of MedicineSoutheast UniversityNanjingJiangsu ProvinceChina General Clinical Research Center Nanjing First HospitalNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu ProvinceChina

Acute ischemic stroke is a clinical emergency and a condition with high morbidity,mortality,and *** predictive,diagnostic,and prognostic biomarkers and effective therapeutic targets for acute ischemic stroke remain *** innovations in high-throughput gene sequencing analysis,many aberrantly expressed non-coding RNAs(ncRNAs)in the brain and peripheral blood after acute ischemic stroke have been found in clinical samples and experimental *** expressed ncRNAs in the post-stroke brain were demonstrated to play vital roles in pathological processes,leading to neuroprotection or deterioration,thus ncRNAs can serve as therapeutic targets in acute ischemic ***,distinctly expressed ncRNAs in the peripheral blood can be used as biomarkers for acute ischemic stroke prediction,diagnosis,and *** particular,ncRNAs in peripheral immune cells were recently shown to be involved in the peripheral and brain immune response after acute ischemic *** this review,we consolidate the latest progress of research into the roles of ncRNAs(microRNAs,long ncRNAs,and circular RNAs)in the pathological processes of acute ischemic stroke–induced brain damage,as well as the potential of these ncRNAs to act as biomarkers for acute ischemic stroke prediction,diagnosis,and *** from this review will provide novel ideas for the clinical application of ncRNAs in acute ischemic stroke.

关键词： acute ischemic stroke apoptosis blood–brain barrier damage circular RNAs excitatory toxicity long non-coding RNAs microRNAs neuroinflammation non-coding RNAs oxidative stress