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Functional response of the fungus Hirsutella rhossiliensis to the nematode, Heterodera glycines

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Science china(Life Sciences) 2015年第7期58卷 704-712页

作者： shu chi LAI YiLing YANG EnCe CHEN SenYu XIANG MeiChun LIU XingZhong State Key Laboratory of Mycology Institute of Microbiology Chinese Academy of Sciences University of chinese Academy of Sciences Southern Research and Outreach Center University of Minnesota

Functional response is a key index in determining the population fluctuation in predation. However, the lack of operable research system limits the studies on functional response of fungal predators. Hirsutella rhossiliensis is a dominant parasite of the soybean cyst nematode, Heterodera glycines. In a soil microcosm bioassay, we determined fungal biomass at different days within 21 days after inoculation, and parasitism rate of H. glycines by the fungus was determined. The functional response of H. rhossiliensis to H. glycines was established and found to be Holling＇s type Ill, which was influenced by mycelial densities. Meanwhile, we conducted anti-fungal analysis of metabolic fractions extracted from H. rhossiliensis to explain the potential mechanism of the intraspecific competition illustrated by functional response. The result of anti-fungal experiments indicated that the fungal predators had more complicated interaction at population level than expected, which might be regulated by self-inhibition metabolite（s）. This study was the first functional response study of fungal predators in microcosm. With the in- creasing recognition of emerging fungal threats to animal, plant, and ecosystem health, the methodologies and hypotheses proposed in this study might inspire further research in fungal ecology.

关键词： fungal predator predation index self-inhibition composition soybean cyst nematode

Efficient Finite Difference WENO Scheme for Hyperbolic Systems withNon-conservativeProducts

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Communications on Applied Mathematics and Computation 2024年第2期6卷 907-962页

作者： Dinshaw S.Balsara Deepak Bhoriya chi-Wang shu Harish Kumar Physics Department University of Notre DameNotre DameUSA ACMS Department University of Notre DameNotre DameUSA Division of Applied Mathematics Brown UniversityProvidenceUSA Department of Mathematics Indian Institute of TechnologyDelhiIndia

Higher order finite difference weighted essentially non-oscillatory(WENO)schemes have been constructed for conservation *** multidimensional problems,they offer a high order accuracy at a fraction of the cost of a finite volume WENO or DG scheme of the comparable *** makes them quite attractive for several science and engineering ***,to the best of our knowledge,such schemes have not been extended to non-linear hyperbolic systems with non-conservative *** this paper,we perform such an extension which improves the domain of the applicability of such *** extension is carried out by writing the scheme in fluctuation *** use the HLLI Riemann solver of Dumbser and Balsara(***.304:275-319,2016)as a building block for carrying out this *** of the use of an HLL building block,the resulting scheme has a proper supersonic *** use of anti-diffusive fluxes ensures that stationary discontinuities can be preserved by the scheme,thus expanding its domain of the *** new finite difference WENO formulation uses the same WENO reconstruction that was used in classical versions,making it very easy for users to transition over to the present *** conservation laws,the new finite difference WENO is shown to perform as well as the classical version of finite difference WENO,with two major advantages:(i)It can capture jumps in stationary linearly degenerate wave families exactly.(i)It only requires the reconstruction to be applied *** examples from hyperbolic PDE systems with non-conservative products are shown which indicate that the scheme works and achieves its design order of the accuracy for smooth multidimensional *** Riemann problems and several novel multidimensional problems that are drawn from compressible Baer-Nunziato multiphase flow,multiphase debris flow and twolayer shallow water equations are also shown to document the robustness of the *** some

关键词： Hyperbolic PDEs Numerical schemes Non-conservative products Stiff source terms Finite difference WENO

Methoxy n-fatty acids in surface soils from the Gongga and Kunlun Mountains:Ecological implications

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chinese Science Bulletin 2010年第21期55卷 2258-2267页

作者： BAI Yan FANG XiaoMin NIE JunSheng meng QiangXiang chi YunPing Key Laboratory of Continental Collision and Plateau Uplift Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China Key Laboratory of Western china's Environmental Systems Ministry of Education of China and College of Resources and Environment Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China Department of Geological Sciences Jackson School of Geosciences University of Texas Austin TX 78712 USA Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China

GC-MS characteristics of surface soil samples from the eastern and northern Tibetan Plateau provide tentative identification of 8(-14)-Methoxy hexadecanoic acid(iME-16:0)and 9(-17)-methoxy octadecanoic acid(iME-18:0).Sixty surface soil samples were collected from the eastern slope of Gongga Mountain,at elevations ranging from～1230 to 4500 m(eastern Tibetan Plateau),and from the northern slope of West Kunlun Mountains,ranging from～1300 to 5500 m(northern Tibetan Plateau).This study also analyzed the methoxy n-fatty acids(MFAs)of Gongga Mountain tree leaves from six common living species,at the elevation of 2900-4200 *** dominate these samples,with more centrally located methoxy groups eluting earlier than those with methoxy groups located closer to the end of the main carbon *** occur prominently in most of the Gongga Mountain soil samples(and from six tree samples)from dominantly coniferous and deciduous broadleaved *** than in two narrow vegetation zones between 4000-4350 m and 2900-3300 m,no MFAs were found in 19 Kunlun Mountains soil samples from areas covered mainly with montane desert and alpine desert steppe *** on the inventory of plants and soils from which MFAs have been isolated,we conclude that the MFAs most probably originate from specific woody *** we can exclude some particular grasses as sources,MFAs may be specific woody plants-derived biomarkers;thus they would serve as an important additional proxy for comprehensive and precise ecological reconstructions.

关键词：表层土壤西昆仑山生态重建甲氧基脂肪酸欧米茄青藏高原东部土壤样品

Sediment source and environment evolution in Taiwan Island during the Eocene–Miocene

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2021年第2期40卷 114-122页

作者： Yuanli Hou Weilin Zhu Peijun Qiao chi-Yue Huang Yuchi Cui Xianbo meng State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China

Taiwan Island’s outcropping strata can provide important insights into the sedimentary environment and source development of the southeast china *** research is based on the Eocene–Miocene strata of the Tsukeng area in the central Western Foothills,northeast shoreline of Taiwan Island and two sites of the East china Sea Shelf Basin(ECSSB),using petrology and detrital zircon U-Pb age for the *** show that central and northeast Taiwan Island experienced a transformation from continental to marine facies during the Eocene–Miocene,and the sandstone maturity changed with *** analysis shows that sediments from the Eocene–early Oligocene strata mainly originated from near-source Mesozoic rocks,whose zircon age is consistent with the igneous rock in the surrounding area and coastal Cathaysia,showing 120 Ma and 230 Ma peaks in the age spectrum *** the late Oligocene,peaks of 900 Ma and 1800 Ma are seen,indicating that deposition of matter from the old block *** sediments could be a mixture of the surrounding Mesozoic volcanic and fewer pre-Cambrian rocks sourced from the coastal river and sporadic old basement in the ECSSB instead of longdistance transportation.

关键词： Taiwan Island sedimentary source sandstone zircon sedimentary environment

Role of gut microbiota in identification of novel TCM-derived active metabolites

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Protein & Cell 2021年第5期12卷 394-410页

作者： Tzu-Lung Lin chia-Chen Lu Wei-Fan Lai Ting-shu Wu Jang-Jih Lu Young-Mao Chen chi-meng Tzeng Hong-Tao Liu Hong Wei Hsin-chih Lai Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science College of MedicineChang Gung UniversityGueishanTaoyuan 33302TaiwanChina Department of Respiratory Therapy Fu Jen Catholic UniversityNew Taipei City 24205TaiwanChina Department of Chest Medicine Internal MedicineFu Jen Catholic University HospitalFu Jen Catholic UniversityNew Taipei City 24205TaiwanChina Department of Medicine Chang Gung UniversityTaoyuan 33302TaiwanChina Department of Laboratory Medicine and Internal Medicine Linkou Chang Gung Memorial HospitalTaoyuan 33305TaiwanChina Central Research Laboratory Xiamen Chang Gung HospitalXiamen 361026China Bachelor Degree Program in Marine Biotechnology College of Life SciencesNational Taiwan Ocean UniversityKeelung 20224TaiwanChina School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China College of Basic Medicine Hubei University of Chinese MedicineWuhan 430065China Central Laboratory Clinical Medicine Scientific and Technical Innovation ParkShanghai Tenth People's HospitalTongji UniversityShanghai 200435China Microbiota Research Center and Emerging Viral Infections Research Center Chang Gung UniversityTaoyuan 33302TaiwanChina Research Center for chinese Herbal Medicine and Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety College of Human EcologyChang Gung University of Science and TechnologyGueishanTaoyuan 33303TaiwanChina

Traditional chinese Medicine(TCM)has been extensively used to ameliorate diseases in Asia for over thousands of ***,owing to a lack of formal scientific validation,the absence of information regarding the mechanisms underlying TCMs restricts their *** oral administration,TCM herbal ingredients frequently are not directly absorbed by the host,but rather enter the intestine to be transformed by gut *** gut microbiota is a microbial community living in animal intestines,and functions to maintain host homeostasis and *** evidences indicate that TCM herbs closely affect gut microbiota composition,which is associated with the conversion of herbal components into active *** may significantly affect the therapeutic activity of *** analyses,in conjunction with modern multiomics platforms,can together identify novel functional metabolites and form the basis of future TCM research.

关键词： Traditional chinese Medicine herbs microbiota transformation multiomics

A brief review on the convergence to steady state solutions of Euler equations with high-order WENO schemes

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Advances in Aerodynamics 2019年第1期1卷 307-331页

作者： shuhai Zhang Jun Zhu chi-Wang shu State Key Laboratory of Aerodynamics China Aerodynamics Research and Development CenterMianyangSichuan 621000China College of Science Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjingJiangsu 210016People’s Republic of China Division of Applied Mathematics Brown UniversityProvidenceRI 02912USA.

Weighted essentially non-oscillatory(WENO)schemes are a class of high-order shock capturing schemes which have been designed and applied to solve many fluid dynamics problems to study the detailed flow structures and their ***,like many other high-order shock capturing schemes,WENO schemes also suffer from the problem that it can not easily converge to a steady state solution if there is a strong shock *** is a long-standing difficulty for high-order shock capturing *** recent years,this non-convergence problem has been studied extensively for WENO *** tests show that the key reason of the non-convergence to steady state is the slight post shock oscillations,which are at the small local truncation error level but prevent the residue to settle down to machine *** strategies have been proposed to reduce these slight post shock oscillations,including the design of new smoothness indicators for the fifth-order WENO scheme,the development of a high-order weighted interpolation in the procedure of the local characteristic projection for WENO schemes of higher order of accuracy,and the design of a new type of WENO *** these strategies,the convergence to steady states is improved ***,the strategies are applicable to other types of weighted *** this paper,we give a brief review on the topic of convergence to steady state solutions for WENO schemes applied to Euler equations.

关键词： WENO scheme Convergence Steady state solution Smoothness indicator WENO compact scheme

Large-scale experimental investigation of the effects of gas explosions in underdrains

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Journal of Safety Science and Resilience 2021年第2期2卷 90-99页

作者： Longfei Hou Yuanzhi Li Xinming Qian chi-Min shu mengqi Yuan Weike Duanmu State Key Laboratory State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China Center for Process Safety and Industrial Disaster Prevention National Yunlin University of Science and TechnologyDouliuYunlin 64002TaiwanChina Anhui Theone Safety Technology Co. Ltd.Hefei230088China Hefei institute for Public Safety Research Tsinghua UniversityHefei 230601China

This study involved the construction and explosion of a large-scale(80-meter-long)underdrain and detailed investigations of the damaging impacts of a gas explosion to provide an experimental foundation for similarity modeling and infrastructural *** experiment vividly recreated the scene and explosion damage of the"11.22″explosion accident in Qingdao,china,thus allowing for evaluations of the movements and destruction of the cover *** damage mechanism was determined by analyzing the overpressure curves inside and outside the underground *** was determined that the cover plates were first lifted by the precursor wave,which induced a maximum overpressure of 0.06 MPa and resulted in explosion *** pressure entered the deflagration stage at the end of the *** combustion wave overpressure reached 3.115 MPa close to the initiation point,and had a significant influence on the projectile energy of the cover plates ***,64%of the cover plates were only affected by the precursor wave,while 36%of the cover plates were subjected to both the precursor wave and the combustion wave;these cover plates were severely *** results of this study provide fundamental insights relevant to the prevention and control of underdrain gas explosions.

关键词： Damage mechanism Overpressure curve Underdrain explosion Explosion venting Precursor wave

Strain transfer behavior and crystallographic mechanism of crack initiation during cyclic deformation in zirconium

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2023年第31期162卷 234-246页

作者： Xiangkang Zeng Conghui Zhang Wenguang Zhu Mingliang Zhu Tongguang Zhai chi Ma Tingchuang shu KangKai Song School of Metallurgical Engineering Xi’an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi’an 710055China Key Laboratory of Pressure Systems and Safety Ministry of EducationSchool of Mechanical and Power EngineeringEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China School of Materials Science and Engineering Shandong Jianzhu UniversityJinan 250101China

Fully-reversed cyclic deformation of a pure Zr(a thickness of 17 mm)was conducted at two different strain amplitudes(0.4%and 0.8%)to investigate the deformation and crack initiation behaviors based on slip trace *** was found that prismaticaslip with a higher Schmid Factor(m>0.4)was the dominant deformation *** grains containing persistent slip bands(PSBs)tended to go towards[1210]pole and the Schmid Factor had a critical value of 0.4 above which prismatic and pyramidal slip were *** cracks were mainly initiated at PSBs and grain boundaries(GBs).It showed that 61.1%of the cracks were PSB cracks under a strain amplitude of 0.4%,while it decreased to 53.5%at a strain amplitude of 0.8%.PSB cracks were mainly parallel to prismaticaslip with higher Schmid Factor while some cracks tended to be initiated at GBs with higher misorientation *** interaction of PSBs with GBs would result in strain transferring to the neighboring *** transfer was more likely to occur at the condition of the higher geometrical compatibility factor m,and lower residual Burgers vectorb,which could reduce strain localization.

关键词： Fatigue crack initiation Crystallographic orientation PSBs GBs Strain transfer

Integrated causal inference modeling uncovers novel causal factors and potential therapeutic targets of Qingjin Yiqi granules for chronic fatigue syndrome

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Acupuncture and Herbal Medicine 2024年第1期4卷 122-133页

作者： Junrong Li Xiaobing Zhai Jixing Liu chi Kin Lam Weiyu meng Yuefei Wang shu Li Yapeng Wang Kefeng Li Faculty of Applied Sciences Macao Polytechnic UniversityMacao SARChina Center for Artificial Intelligence Driven Drug Discovery Faculty of Applied SciencesMacao Polytechnic UniversityMacao SARChina National Key Laboratory of chinese Medicine Modernization Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and AnalysisTianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjinChina Haihe Laboratory of Modern chinese Medicine TianjinChina

Objective:Chronic fatigue syndrome(CFS)is a prevalent symptom of post-coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)and is associated with unclear disease *** herbal medicine Qingjin Yiqi granules(QJYQ)constitute a clinically approved formula for treating post-COVID-19;however,its potential as a drug target for treating CFS remains largely *** study aimed to identify novel causal factors for CFS and elucidate the potential targets and pharmacological mechanisms of action of QJYQ in treating ***:This prospective cohort analysis included 4,212 adults aged≥65 years who were followed up for 7 years with 435 incident CFS *** modeling and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed to identify the potential causal determinants of CFS.A proteome-wide,two-sample Mendelian randomization(MR)analysis was employed to explore the proteins associated with the identified causal factors of CFS,which may serve as potential drug ***,we performed a virtual screening analysis to assess the binding affinity between the bioactive compounds in QJYQ and CFS-associated ***:Among 4,212 participants(47.5%men)with a median age of 69 years(interquartile range:69–70 years)enrolled in 2004,435 developed CFS by *** graph analysis with multivariate logistic regression identified frequent cough(odds ratio:1.74,95%confidence interval[CI]:1.15–2.63)and insomnia(odds ratio:2.59,95%CI:1.77–3.79)as novel causal factors of ***-wide MR analysis revealed that the upregulation of endothelial cell-selective adhesion molecule(ESAM)was causally linked to both chronic cough(odds ratio:1.019,95%CI:1.012–1.026,P=2.75 e^(−05))and insomnia(odds ratio:1.015,95%CI:1.008–1.022,P=4.40 e^(−08))in *** major bioactive compounds of QJYQ,ginsenoside Rb2(docking score:−6.03)and RG4(docking score:−6.15),bound to ESAM with high affinity based on virtual ***:Our integrated analytical framework combining epidemiological,genet

关键词： Causal factors Causal graph analysis Chronic fatigue syndrome Drug targets Mendelian randomization Qingjin Yiqi