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A high aspect ratio surface micromachined accelerometer based on a SiC-CNT composite material

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microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第2期10卷 219-230页

作者： Jiarui mo shreyas Shankar Roberto Pezone Guoqi Zhang Sten Vollebregt Laboratory of Electronic Components Technology and Materials(ECTM)Department of MicroelectronicsDelft University of TechnologyDelftThe Netherlands

Silicon carbide(SiC)is recognized as an excellent material for microelectromechanical systems(mEmS),especially those operating in challenging environments,such as high temperature,high radiation,and corrosive ***,SiC bulk micromachining is still a challenge,which hinders the development of complex SiC *** address this problem,we present the use of a carbon nanotube(CNT)array coated with amorphous SiC(a-SiC)as an alternative composite material to enable high aspect ratio(HAR)surface *** using a prepatterned catalyst layer,a HAR CNT array can be grown as a structural template and then densified by uniformly filling the CNT bundle with LPCVD *** electrical properties of the resulting SiC-CNT composite were characterized,and the results indicated that the electrical resistivity was dominated by the *** demonstrate the use of this composite in mEmS applications,a capacitive accelerometer was designed,fabricated,and *** fabrication results showed that the composite is fully compatible with the manufacturing of surface micromachining *** Young’s modulus of the composite was extracted from the measured spring constant,and the results show a great improvement in the mechanical properties of the CNTs after coating with *** accelerometer was electrically characterized,and its functionality was confirmed using a mechanical shaker.

关键词： composite surface electrical

Web Resources for metagenomics Studies

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2015年第5期13卷 296-303页

作者： Pravin Dudhagara Sunil Bhavsar Chintan Bhagat Anjana Ghelani shreyas Bhatt Rajesh Patel Department of Biosciences Veer Narmad South Gujarat University Department of microbiology Shree Ramkrishna Institute of Computer Education and Applied Sciences Department of Life Sciences Hemchandracharya North Gujarat University

The development of next-generation sequencing （NGS） platforms spawned an enormous volume of data. This explosion in data has unearthed new scalability challenges for existing bioinformatics tools. The analysis of metagenomic sequences using bioinformatics pipelines is complicated by the substantial complexity of these data. In this article, we review several commonly-used online tools for metagenomies data analysis with respect to their quality and detail of analysis using simulated metagenolnies data. There are at least a dozen such software tools presently available in the public domain. Among them, mGRAST, ImG/m, and mETAVIR are the most well-known tools according to the number of citations by peer-reviewed scientific media up to mid-2015. Here, we describe 12 online tools with respect to their web link, annotation pipelines, clustering methods, online user support, and availability of data storage. We have also done the rating for each tool to screen more potential and preferential tools and evaluated five best tools using synthetie metagenome. The article comprehensively deals with the contemporary problems and the prospects of metagenomies from a bioinformatics viewpoint.

关键词： mctagenomics metagcnomes Web resources Software tools Synthetic metagenome

Nitrogen Dioxide, Carbon monoxide, Natural and Anthropomorphic Effects, and Earth’s Changing Climate

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Atmospheric and Climate Sciences 2023年第1期13卷 62-71页

作者： shreyas Banaji Flint Hill School NASA/Virginia Earth System Science Scholars Oakton USA

This study will both compare and contrast the characteristics and roles of two pollutants: nitrogen dioxide and carbon monoxide. It will begin by tracing each gas’ negative contributions to the Earth’s spheres, as well as relate any negative links that each plays concerning human activity, health, and interaction with the environment. It will include an in-depth analysis of what the proliferation of such toxic gases indicates about human production and causality, plus reflect on any current attempts being made to improve the effects of these pollutants on the environment. This examination will also inspect three NASA missions, i.e., mOPITT/Terra, AIRS/Aqua, and OmI/Aura, the aim of which, among many other tasks, is to detect pollutants within the Earth’s various spheres, as well as analyze weather anomalies, improve prediction methodology, and chronicle meteorological patterns for future study. It will also cover some of the goals, engineering breakthroughs, and in one case, the limitations, of these three satellite missions. Finally, it should be noted that in all stages of this discussion, the author’s main aim will be to focus on the positives that need to be implemented in order to improve the current situations that both anthropogenic and natural disasters have created for the planet.

关键词： Carbon monoxide Nitrogen Dioxide Climate Change Atmosphere Greenhouse Gases

Geological Specimens, minerals, and Actions Affecting Polar Shift and Earth’s magnetic Field

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International Journal of Geosciences 2022年第10期13卷 875-881页

作者： shreyas Banaji Flint Hill School NASA/VESS Program Oakton VA USA

This study will touch upon Earth’s magnetic field, the four spheres, and their relationship with polar shift influenced by the magnetization of the interior and surface areas. It will outline how certain aspects within the spheres are influenced by magnetization of minerals and localized rock, how such can be contained deep within Earth’s mantle areas, as well as how mining deposits of iron ore can affect other spheres and systems. It will also entail a brief explanation of geological research concerning the Pacific Ocean floor, as well as a discussion on the magnetization of minerals retaining their properties at extremely high temperatures within Earth’s interior. There will be explanations of how various spheres interact with each other, but it should be noted that while some findings here might seem unsubstantiated, any analysis of Earth’s interior and exterior, the magnetic field, polar shift, and its contagion effect upon living organisms, is still, somewhat, in its initial research stages, and is, at times, left to hypotheses concerning anomalous indications. This study is not conclusive. It has, at best, pieced together areas of relevance. Concluded here is that each event affects polar shift. How this has been affected by magnetization is not completely, at this time, understood. Furthermore, this report in no way promotes the “doomsday scenario”, prolific, fairly recently, within some of the scientific literature on this subject, particularly in Europe. This paper closely adheres to the most modern theories, and will try, at best, to leave speculation to science fiction writers.

关键词： Polar Shift magnetic Field Atmosphere Lithosphere Hydrosphere Biosphere Iron Ore Hematite magnetite

Security model for Cloud Computing: Case Report of Organizational Vulnerability

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Journal of Information Security 2023年第4期14卷 250-263页

作者： Sakharkar shreyas Independent Author Stevenson Ranch CA USA

Cloud computing services have quickly become a mainstay in business, leading to success as a business model and numerous advantages from the client’s point of view. Ease and amount of storage and computational services provisions were not previously accessible or affordable. However, parallel to this explosion has been significant security risk concerns. Thus, it is important to understand and define these security risks in a cybersecurity framework. This paper will take a case study approach to approach past security risks and propose a model that can be followed by organizations to eliminate the risk of Cloud-related cyberattacks. The main aims of this systematic literature review (SLR) are to (1) address security risks/vulnerabilities that can target cloud environments, (2) define tools that can be used by organizations to defend their cloud environment against those security risks/vulnerabilities, and (3) analyze case studies of significant cyberattacks and provide recommendations for organizations to mitigate such cyberattacks. This paper will propose a novel cloud cybersecurity model from a two-pronged offensive and defensive perspective for implementation by organizations to enhance their security infrastructure.

关键词： Cloud Computing Vulnerabilities Security Risks

Colony Collapse Disorder, Neonicotinoids, CO₂, Climate Change, and the Four Spheres

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Open Journal of Ecology 2022年第11期12卷 711-717页

作者： shreyas Banaji Flint Hill School/NASA VESSS Oakton VA USA

This analysis focuses on what effects the decline of both domestic and wild bee populations has on the environment. It will analyze the 21st century-coined phenomenon known as “Colony Collapse Disorder,” and will investigate research methods that have improved numbers within bee populations over the last two decades. Within this study, the impacts and interactions between the Colony Collapse Disorder phenomenon and various environmental factors will be discussed, as well as the interactions between the four main spheres of the Earth (i.e., the biosphere, lithosphere, atmosphere, and hydrosphere). In so doing, this study will evidence how and why bee populations are declining, why that decline affects each Earth sphere, as well as how this condition could create both loophole and contagion effects. Finally, this analysis will also briefly touch upon NASA’s increasing involvement with replenishing the world’s bee populations, the agency’s monitoring of CO2 levels, various ecosystems, and other such relevant and ongoing research.

关键词： Bees Extinction Pollination Pesticides Climate Change Agriculture Colony Collapse Disorder

Systematic Review: Analysis of Coding Vulnerabilities across Languages

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Journal of Information Security 2023年第4期14卷 330-342页

作者： shreyas Sakharkar Stevenson Ranch USA

The boom of coding languages in the 1950s revolutionized how our digital world was construed and accessed. The languages invented then, including Fortran, are still in use today due to their versatility and ability to underpin a large majority of the older portions of our digital world and applications. Fortran, or Formula Translation, was a programming language implemented by IBm that shortened the apparatus of coding and the efficacy of the language syntax. Fortran marked the beginning of a new era of efficient programming by reducing the number of statements needed to operate a machine several-fold. Since then, dozens more languages have come into regular practice and have been increasingly diversified over the years. Some modern languages include Python, Java, JavaScript, C, C++, and PHP. These languages significantly improved efficiency and also have a broad range of uses. Python is mainly used for website/software development, data analysis, task automation, image processing, and graphic design applications. On the other hand, Java is primarily used as a client-side programming language. Expanding the coding languages allowed for increasing accessibility but also opened up applications to pertinent security issues. These security issues have varied by prevalence and language. Previous research has narrowed its focus on individual languages, failing to evaluate the security. This research paper investigates the severity and frequency of coding vulnerabilities comparatively across different languages and contextualizes their uses in a systematic literature review.

关键词： CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) Data Security Coding Vulnerabilities

Preventing the Deluge: Climate Change, the Four Spheres, Interactions, and Causalities

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Atmospheric and Climate Sciences 2023年第1期13卷 1-9页

作者： shreyas Banaji Flint Hill School NASA/Virginia Earth Systems Science Scholars Oakton USA

Climate change means water change, and the impacts of climate change cause not only global sea levels to rise, but also elicit dangerous levels of coastal and mainland flooding. This study relates the effects of climate-change-induced sea level risings to several harmful, and sometimes preventable, factors causing floods. One topic discussed here will be the ocean’s current (more specifically, “The Atlantic meridional Overturning Current”) as it continues to warm with increasing temperatures. In addition to discussing the effects of the AmOC, it also relates the increasing causes that are contributing to flooding, plus the proliferation of melt from ice sheets, ice caps, and glaciers, which inevitably contributes to the devastating effects of flooding on coastal communities, destroying habitats and contributing to the extinction of both aquatic and land animals, and even impacting human infrastructure and livelihoods. This examination additionally presents the serious implications that climate change and flooding have had on the planet’s freshwater resources and reserves, which are being further destroyed by the added influx of salt water, causing water to then be treated with aquifers, an energy-intensive and highly expensive process. Lastly, this paper provides several suggested possibilities for curbing some of the harmful effects humans have already had on contributing to climate change, as well as the environmental factors that have further caused dangerous levels of flooding.

关键词： Climate Change Flooding Toxic Algae Water Cycles Precipitation Runoff Currents Glaciers Weather

Disentangling multiple scattering with deep learning:application to strain mapping from electron diffraction patterns

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npj Computational materials 2022年第1期8卷 2419-2433页

作者： Joydeep munshi Alexander Rakowski Benjamin H.Savitzky Steven E.Zeltmann Jim Ciston matthew Henderson shreyas Cholia Andrew m.minor maria K.Y.Chan Colin Ophus Center for Nanoscale materials Argonne National LaboratoryArgonne DrWoodridge60517ILUSA National Center for Electron microscopy Molecular FoundryLawrence Berkeley National Laboratory1 Cyclotron RoadBerkeley94720CAUSA Department of materials Science and Engineering University of California BerkeleyBerkeley94720CAUSA Scientific Data Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory1 Cyclotron RoadBerkeley94720CAUSA

A fast,robust pipeline for strain mapping of crystalline materials is important for many technological *** electron nanodiffraction allows us to calculate strain maps with high accuracy and spatial resolutions,but this technique is limited when the electron beam undergoes multiple ***-learning methods have the potential to invert these complex signals,but require a large number of training *** implement a Fourier space,complex-valued deep-neural network,FCU-Net,to invert highly nonlinear electron diffraction patterns into the corresponding quantitative structure factor ***-Net was trained using over 200,000 unique simulated dynamical diffraction patterns from different combinations of crystal structures,orientations,thicknesses,and microscope parameters,which are augmented with experimental *** evaluated FCU-Net against simulated and experimental datasets,where it substantially outperforms conventional analysis *** code,models,and training library are open-source and may be adapted to different diffraction measurement problems.

关键词： valued adapted crystalline