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The potential mechanism and clinical application value of remote ischemic conditioning in stroke

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1613-1627页

作者： Yajun Zhu Xiaoguo Li Xingwei Lei Liuyang Tang Daochen Wen Bo Zeng Xiaofeng Zhang Zichao Huang Zongduo guo The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University ChongqingChina

Some studies have confirmed the neuroprotective effect of remote ischemic conditioning against stroke. Although numerous animal researches have shown that the neuroprotective effect of remote ischemic conditioning may be related to neuroinflammation, cellular immunity, apoptosis, and autophagy, the exact underlying molecular mechanisms are unclear. This review summarizes the current status of different types of remote ischemic conditioning methods in animal and clinical studies and analyzes their commonalities and differences in neuroprotective mechanisms and signaling pathways. Remote ischemic conditioning has emerged as a potential therapeutic approach for improving stroke-induced brain injury owing to its simplicity, non-invasiveness, safety, and patient tolerability. Different forms of remote ischemic conditioning exhibit distinct intervention patterns, timing, and application range. Mechanistically, remote ischemic conditioning can exert neuroprotective effects by activating the Notch1/phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt signaling pathway, improving cerebral perfusion, suppressing neuroinflammation, inhibiting cell apoptosis, activating autophagy, and promoting neural regeneration. While remote ischemic conditioning has shown potential in improving stroke outcomes, its full clinical translation has not yet been achieved.

关键词： Akt apoptosis autophagy cerebral perfusion cerebral vascular stenosis clinical transformation hemorrhagic stroke ischemic stroke neuroinflammation neuroprotection Notch1 PI3K remote ischemic conditioning stroke

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Decreased levels of phosphorylated synuclein in plasma are correlated with poststroke cognitive impairment

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2598-2610页

作者： Yi Wang Yuning Li Yakun Gu Wei Ma Yuying Guan Mengyuan guo Qianqian Shao Xunming Ji Jia Liu Department of Clinical Laboratory Beijing Bo’ai HospitalChina Rehabilitation Research CenterCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders Laboratory of Brain DisordersMinistry of Science and TechnologyCollaborative Innovation Center for Brain DisordersBeijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-based Precision MedicineCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Department of Neurosurgery Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina

Poststro ke cognitive impairment is a major secondary effect of ischemic stroke in many patients;however,few options are available for the early diagnosis and treatment of this *** aims of this study were to(1)determine the specific relationship between hypoxic andα-synuclein during the occur of poststroke cognitive impairment and(2)assess whether the serum phosphorylatedα-synuclein level can be used as a biomarker for poststro ke cognitive *** found that the phosphorylatedα-synuclein level was significantly increased and showed pathological aggregation around the cerebral infa rct area in a mouse model of ischemic *** addition,neuronalα-synuclein phosphorylation and aggregation were observed in the brain tissue of mice subjected to chronic hypoxia,suggesting that hypoxia is the underlying cause ofα-synuclein-mediated pathology in the brains of mice with ischemic *** phosphorylatedα-synuclein levels in patients with ischemic stroke were significantly lower than those in healt hy subjects,and were positively correlated with cognition levels in patients with ischemic ***,a decrease in serum high-density lipoprotein levels in stroke patie nts was significantly correlated with a decrease in phosphorylatedα-synuclein *** ischemic stroke mice did not show significant cognitive impairment or disrupted lipid metabolism 14 days after injury,some of them exhibited decreased cognitive function and reduced phosphorylatedα-synuclein *** together,our results suggest that serum phosphorylatedα-synuclein is a potential biomarker for poststroke cognitive impairment.

关键词： biomarker high-density lipoprotein ischemic stroke phosphorylatedα-synuclein poststroke cognitive impairment

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Sr-Nd isotopic characteristics and their significance in provenance tracing of detrital sediment in major rivers and marginal seas of eastern China

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Science China Earth Sciences 2025年

作者： Xiaobao GAO Chao LI Zhifei DUAN Yulong guo Shouye YANG State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology Tongji University

Sr-Nd isotopes are widely utilized as reliable tracers in sediment provenance *** this study,we compiled 304Sr and 335 Nd isotope data of fine-grained surface sediments collected from major rivers in eastern China,including the Huanghe River,Changjiang River,southeastern coastal rivers,and rivers in Taiwan Island,as well as from marginal seas （Yellow Sea and East China Sea） and the Okinawa *** comprehensive dataset allowed us to examine the spatial distribution patterns of these isotopes and their implications for provenance *** variations of εNd values in the sediments in Changjiang and Huanghe Basins primarily reflect the diversity of sediment sources,whereas the87Sr/86Sr ratios are influenced by both grain size and source ***,the reduction in87Sr/86Sr ratios observed in the middle and lower Changjiang River is attributed to the inputs of sources characterized by distinct87Sr/86Sr signatures beyond mere grain size *** the southeastern coastal and Taiwan rivers,sediments in the tidal reaches of the Jiao River exhibit hybrid characteristics,a mix of Changjiang-derived sediment and those originating from local ***,the Min River and Jiulong River sediments predominantly reflect local sources,with minimal influence from the Changjiang *** significant isotopic variation of Sr-Nd isotopic characteristics observed between riverine sediments on the eastern and western sides of Taiwan Island underscores the diverse provenance heterogeneity of source rocks in the *** the marginal seas,our data indicates that the surface sediments in the central mud area of the South Yellow Sea and the southern Yellow Sea are predominantly sourced from the Changjiang River catchment,potentially augmented by inputs from Korean *** inner shelf sediments of the East China Sea are primarily influenced by Changjiang River inputs,whereas rivers in eastern Taiwan Island contribute to the sediments on the middle and

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Baguena: A Practical Proof of Stake Protocol with a Robust Delegation Mechanism

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2020年第5期29卷 887-898页

作者： shi Liucheng guo Zhaozhong School of Mathematical Sciences Peking University

Proof of stake(PoS), aiming at replacing Proof of work(PoW) in blockchain consensus, has drawn great attention from academia and industry. We present"Baguena", a novel PoS protocol for public blockchain with high practicality and security. It uses a special designed algorithm with properties of uniqueness and anonymity for leader selection, and uses the longest chain rule for chain selection. Besides, entropy is introduced to prevent manipulation of leader selection process by simulating a random beacon based on Publicly verifiable secret sharing(PVSS) and threshold signature with only a linear number of exponentiations. We analyze the protocol's security by a threat model and design a robust delegation mechanism based on triple Elliptic curve digital signature algorithm(ECDSA) proxy signature. We implement Baguena and evaluate its performance on 100 Amazon EC2 virtual machines simulating 50 k users, which shows that Baguena confirms transactions in 2 minutes, achieves 2.16× of Algorand's throughput and 6.95× of Ouroboros' throughput.

关键词： Blockchain Consensus Proof of stake Delegation

Interfacial Zn2+-solvation regulator towards reversible and stable Zn anode

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 684-692页

作者： Miao Zhou Xiongbin Luo Hang Li Shan guo Zhuang Tong Xiaotao Zhou Xu Li Zhaohui Hou Shuquan Liang guozhao fang College of Mechanical Engineering Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Advanced Carbon-based Functional Materials Hunan Institute of Science and Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering Key Laboratory of Electronic Packaging and Advanced Functional Materials of Hunan Province Central South University College of Materials and Metallurgy Guizhou University National Energy Metal Resources and New Materials Key Laboratory Central South University

Aqueous zinc-ion batteries （AZIBs） are fundamentally challenged by the instability of the electrode/electrolyte interface,predominantly due to irreversible zinc （Zn） deposition and hydrogen ***,the intricate mechanisms behind the electrochemical discrepancies induced by interfacial Zn2+-solvation and deposition behavior demand comprehensive *** molecules endowed with special functional groups （such as hydroxyl,carboxyl,etc.） have the potential to significantly optimize the solvation structure of Zn2+and regulate the interfacial electric double layer （EDL）.By increasing nucleation overpotential and decreasing interfacial free energy,these functional groups facilitate a lower critical nucleation radius,thereby forming an asymptotic nucleation model to promote uniform Zn ***,this study presents a pioneering approach by introducing trace amounts of n-butanol as solvation regulators to engineer the homogenized Zn （H-Zn） anode with a uniform and dense *** interfacial reaction and structure evolution are explored by in/ex-situ experimental techniques,indicating that the H-Zn anode exhibits dendrite-free growth,no by-products,and weak hydrogen evolution,in sharp contrast to the bare ***,the H-Zn anode achieves a remarkable Zn utilization rate of approximately 20% and simultaneously sustains a prolonged cycle life exceeding 500 ***,the H-Zn//NH4V4O10（NVO） full battery showcases exceptional cycle stability,retaining 95.04%capacity retention after 400 cycles at a large current density of 5 A *** study enlightens solvation-regulated additives to develop Zn anode with superior utilization efficiency and extended operational lifespan.

关键词： Solvation

Plasmonic tandem heterojunctions enable high-efficiency charge transfer for broad spectrum photocatalytic hydrogen production

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 710-720页

作者： Wenxuan Chen Xiu-Qing Qiao guo Hui Bojing Sun Dongfang Hou Meidi Wang Xueqian Wu Tao Wu Dong-Sheng Li College of Materials and Chemical Engineering Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nonmetallic Crystalline and Energy Conversion Materials China Three Gorges University Hubei Three Gorges Laboratory College of Chemistry and Materials Science and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Coordination Chemistry Jinan University

Rational engineering of semiconductor photocatalysts for efficient hydrogen production is of great significance but still challenging,primarily due to the limitations in charge transfer ***,a fascinating plasmonic tandem heterojunction with the hc-CdS/Mo2C@C heterostructure is aimfully prepared for effectively promoting the charge separation kinetics of the CdS photocatalyst via the synergistic strategy of phase junction,Schottky junction,and photothermal *** difference in atomic configuration between cubic-CdS （c-CdS） and hexagonal-CdS （h-CdS） leads to effective charge separation through a typical Ⅱ charge transfer mechanism,and plasmonic Schottky junction further extracts the electrons in the hc-CdS phase junction to realize gradient charge ***,the photothermal effect of Mo2C@C helps to expand the light absorption,accelerate charge transfer kinetics,and reduce the hydrogen evolution energy *** carbon layer provides a fast channel for charge transfer and protects the photocatalyst from *** a result,the optimized hc-CMC photocatalyst exhibits a significantly high photocatalytic H2production activity of 28.63 mmol/g/h and apparent quantum efficiency of 61.8%,surpassing most of the reported *** study provides a feasible strategy to enhance the charge transfer kinetics and photocatalytic activity of CdS by constructing plasmonic tandem heterogeneous junctions.

关键词： Cadmium sulfide

Boosting cationic and anionic redox activity of Li-rich layered oxide cathodes via Li/Ni disordered regulation

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 533-543页

作者： Zewen Liu Zhen Wu Hao Wang Xudong Zhang Yuanzhen Chen Yongning Liu Shengwu guo Shenghua Chen Yanli Nan Yan Liu State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Materials Science and Engineering Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology Hefei Advanced Computing Center Operation Management Corp Ltd Network Information Center Xi'an Jiaotong University

Lithium-rich layered oxides （LLOs） are increasingly recognized as promising cathode materials for nextgeneration high-energy-density lithium-ion batteries （LIBs）.However,they suffer from voltage decay and low initial Coulombic efficiency （ICE） due to severe structural degradation caused by irreversible O ***,we introduce a three-in-one strategy of increasing Ni and Mn content,along with Li/Ni disordering and TM–O covalency regulation to boost cationic and anionic redox activity simultaneously and thus enhance the electrochemical activity of *** target material,Li1.2Ni0.168Mn0.558Co0.074O2（L1）,exhibits an improved ICE of 87.2%and specific capacity of 293.2 mA h g-1and minimal voltage decay of less than 0.53 m V cycle-1over 300 cycles at 1C,compared to Li1.2Ni0.13Mn0.54Co0.13O2（Ls）(274.4 mA h g-1for initial capacity,73.8%for ICE and voltage decay of 0.84 mV/cycle over 300 cycles at 1C).Theoretical calculations reveal that the density of states （DOS） area near the Fermi energy level for L1 is larger than that of Ls,indicating higher anionic and cationic redox reactivity than ***,L1 exhibits increased O-vacancy formation energy due to higher Li/Ni disordering of 4.76%（quantified by X-ray diffraction Rietveld refinement） and enhanced TM–O covalency,making lattice O release more difficult and thus improving electrochemical *** increased Li/Ni disordering also leads to more Ni2+presence in the Li layer,which acts as a pillar during Li+de-embedding,improving structural *** research not only presents a viable approach to designing low-Co LLOs with enhanced capacity and ICE but also contributes significantly to the fundamental understanding of structural regulation in high-performance LIB cathodes.

关键词： Ice

Intermittent Arc fault Detection Based on Machine Learning in Resonant Grounding Distribution Systems

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2023年第2期9卷 599-611页

作者： Ye Tian Mou-fa guo Duan-Yu Chen College of Electrical Engineering and Automation Fuzhou UniversityFuzhou 350108China Department of Electrical Engineering Yuan Ze UniversityTaiwan 32003China Fuzhou Power Supply Company of State Grid Fujian Electric Power Co. Ltd.Fuzhou 350009China

In resonant grounding systems,most single-phaseto-ground faults evolve from IAFs(Intermittent Arc faults).Earlier detection of IAFs can facilitate fault *** work proposes a novel method based on machine learning for detecting IAFs in three ***,the feature of zero-sequence current is automatically extracted and selected by a newlydesigned FINET(“For IAFs,Neuron Elaboration Net”),instead of traditional feature selection based on time-frequency ***,data of the zero-sequence current divided by different time windows are successively input into the trained FINET.A proposed PSF(principal-subordinate factor)analyses the results obtained from FINET to improve anti-interference in the mentioned IAF detection *** using PSCAD/EMTDC software simulation data show the proposed method is feasible and highly *** addition,the detection result of on-site recorded data demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed method in practical resonant grounding systems.

关键词： Resonant grounding distribution systems intermittent arc faults(IAFs)detection “For IAFs Neuron Elaboration Net”(FINET) principal-subordinate factor(PSF)

The School that Changes Mindsets

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China Today 2025年第1期74卷 62-64页

作者： guo QING KONG SIQI 不详

China’s highest-altitude primary school is not only teaching children of farmers and herders but their parents as *** Sinopec Primary School in Nagqu,a city in Xizang Autonomous Region in southwest China,is known as the school“the closest to the sky”due to its high-altitude location-a breathtaking 4,700 meters above sea *** by oil and gas giant Sinopec as part of its corporate social responsibility,the school opened in 2012 and has since become a microcosm of China’s drive for education,especially in remote and rural areas,to ensure that no one is left behind.

关键词： altitude farmers southwest