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Impact of atmospheric circulations on droughts and drought propagation over China

Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第8期67卷 2633-2648页

作者： Ziye GU lei GU Jiabo YIN Wei FANG Lihua XIONG jun GUO Ziyue ZENG jun XIA School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China State Key Laboratory of Water Resources Engineering and Management Wuhan 430072China Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute Wuhan 430010China

The GRACE satellite mission provides a new approach for monitoring,tracking,and assessing drought conditions by detecting changes in Earth's gravitational fields and inversing signals of terrestrial water storage *** studies of terrestrial water storage anomalies related droughts paid rare attention to the behind atmospheric physical mechanisms,nor quantified the risk propagation patterns between terrestrial water storage deficits and hydrological or agricultural *** this study,we first extract terrestrial water storage(TWS) droughts,hydrological droughts,and agricultural droughts by using multiple variables including TWS from the GRACE/GRACE-FO satellites,runoff and soil moisture from the ERA5-Land reanalysis *** then identify key atmospheric and oceanic oscillation indices affecting water deficits by employing machine learning *** characterize the joint distributions between drought duration and severity by using the Copula function and quantify the risk propagation of hydrological and agricultural droughts to TWS *** results show that:(1) From 2002 to 2021,there is a significant decrasing trend of TWS in China;the WPIO group atmospheric circulation indices(sea surface temperature index within the Western Pacific and Indian Ocean) contributes the most to ***,the sea surface temperature anomalies within the NINO 3.4 region as well as the Western Pacific Warm Pool area index show significantly positive correlation relationships with TWS in southern China;(2) The northwestern China,the Yangtze River basin,and the downstream of the Pearl River basin are the hotspots of TWS ***,the hotspots of hydrological droughts locate in northwestern China and the hotspots of agricultural droughts locate in South China and eastern Tibetan Plateau;(3) The elastic coefficients of hydrological droughts propagating to TWS droughts are higher than those of agricultural droughts,indicating that the TWS droughts

关键词： GRACE satellites Drought Drought propagation Atmospheric circulation Copula function

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Utilizing quantum coherence in Cs Rydberg atoms for high-sensitivity room-temperature terahertz detection: a theoretical exploration

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Photonics Research 2024年第7期12卷 1583-1592页

作者： lei HOU junNAN WANG QIHUI HE SUGUO CHEN lei YANG SUNCHAO HUANG WEI shi Department of Physics Xi’an University of TechnologyXi’an 710048China School of Electrical Engineering Xi’an University of TechnologyXi’an 710048China School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 610101Singapore

In recent years,terahertz (THz) technology has made significant progress in numerous applications;however,the highly sensitive,room-temperature THz detectors are still rare,which is one of the bottlenecks in THz *** this paper,we proposed a room-temperature electrometry method for THz detection by laser spectroscopy of cesium(^(133)Cs) Rydberg atoms,and conducted a comprehensive investigation of the five-level system involving electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT),electromagnetically induced absorption (EIA),and Autler–Townes (AT) splitting in^(133)Cs *** solving the Lindblad master equation,we found that the influence of the THz electric field,probe laser,dressing laser,and Rydberg laser on the ground state atomic population as well as the coherence between the ground state and the Rydberg state,plays a crucial role in the transformation and amplitude of the EIT and EIA *** and the atomic vapor cell’s dimensions affect the number of^(133)Cs atoms involved in the detection,and ultimately determine the *** predicted the proposed quantum coherence THz detection method has a remarkable sensitivity of as low as 10^(-9)V m^(-1)Hz^(-1/2).This research offers a valuable theoretical basis for implementing and optimizing quantum coherence effects based on Rydberg atoms for THz wave detection with high sensitivity and room-temperature operation.

关键词： quantum Rydberg dimensions

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Establishment of an Iron Deficiency Model by Iron Depletion in Pregnant Rats

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2024年第2期37卷 210-215页

作者： CHEN Xi HAN Chao ZHAO Jin Peng SHEN shi WANG Li Yuan REN Shou WANG Tong lei MA Yan XU Ze Chao HUO jun Sheng Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of ChinaNational Institute for Nutrition and HealthChinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing 100050China

Anemia,a global public health problem,has significant adverse consequences on the cognitive development of children and the work capacity of adults;affecting social and economic ***,roughly 43%of children under five years of age,38%of pregnant women,and 29%of nonpregnant women had *** during pregnancy significantly increases the risk of low birth weight and preterm birth.A 10 g/L increase in hemoglobin has been estimated to decrease the risk of maternal and perinatal mortality by 29%and 28%.

关键词： mortality pregnancy anemia

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Inter-stage performance and energy characteristics analysis of electric submersible pump based on entropy production theory

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Petroleum Science 2024年第2期21卷 1354-1368页

作者： Hui Wang Yang Yang Bin Xi Wei-Dong shi Chuan Wang lei-lei Ji Xiang-Yu Song Zhao-Ming He College of Hydraulic Science and Engineering Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou225009JiangsuChina College of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering Nanchang Institute of TechnologyNanchang330044JiangxiChina College of Mechanical Engineering Nantong UniversityNantong226019JiangsuChina National Research Center of Pumps Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang212013JiangsuChina Zhejiang Zhenxing Petrochemical Machinery Co. Ltd.Ruian325204ZhejiangChina Department of Mechanical Engineering of Texas Tech University Lubbock79411TXUSA

The electric submersible pump(ESP) is a crucial apparatus utilized for lifting in the oil extraction *** lifting capacity is enhanced by the multi-stage tandem structure, but variations in energy characteristics and internal flow across stages are also introduced. In this study, the inter-stage variability of energy characteristics in ESP hydraulic systems is investigated through entropy production(EP) analysis,which incorporates numerical simulations and experimental validation. The EP theory facilitates the quantification of energy loss in each computational subdomain at all ESP stages, establishing a correlation between microscopic flow structure and energy dissipation within the system. Furthermore, the underlying causes of inter-stage variability in ESP hydraulic systems are examined, and the advantages and disadvantages of applying the EP theory in this context are evaluated. Consistent energy characteristics within the ESP, aligned with the distribution of internal flow structure, are provided by the EP theory, as demonstrated by our results. The EP theory also enables the quantitative analysis of internal flow losses and complements existing performance analysis methods to map the internal flow structure to hydraulic losses. Nonetheless, an inconsistency between the energy characterization based on EP theory and the traditional efficiency index when reflecting inter-stage differences is identified. This inconsistency arises from the exclusive focus of the EP theory on flow losses within the flow field, disregarding the quantification of external energy input to the flow field. This study provides a reference for the optimization of EP theory in rotating machinery while deeply investigating the energy dissipation characteristics of multistage hydraulic system, which has certain theoretical and practical significance.

关键词： Electric submersible pump(ESP) Entropy production theory Energy characteristics Inter-stage differences

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A method for aligning the plastic scintillator detector on DAMPE

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2019年第6期19卷 63-70页

作者： Peng-Xiong Ma Yong-Jie Zhang Ya-Peng Zhang Yao Li Jing-Jing Zang Xiang Li Tie-Kuang Dong Yi-Zhong Fan shi-jun lei Jian Wu Yu-Hong Yu Qiang Yuan Chuan Yue Zhi-Yu Sun Key Laboratory of Dark Matter and Space Astronomy Purple Mountain Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 China School of Astronomy and Space Science University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China Institute of Modern Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China School of Nuclear Science and Technology Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

The Plastic Scintillator Detector(PSD) onboard the DArk Matter Particle Explorer(DAMPE)is designed to measure cosmic ray charge(Z) and to act as a veto detector for gamma ray *** fully exploit the charge identification potential of PSD and to enhance its capability to identify gamma ray events, we develop an alignment method for the PSD. The path length of a given track in the volume of a PSD bar is derived taking into account the shift and rotation alignment corrections. By examining energy spectra of corner-passing events and fully contained events, position shifts and rotations of all PSD bars are obtained, and are found to be on average about 1 mm and 0.0015 radian respectively. To validate the alignment method, we introduce artificial shifts and rotations of PSD bars into the detector *** shift and rotation parameters can be recovered successfully by the alignment procedure. As a result of the PSD alignment procedure, the charge resolution of the PSD is improved from 4% to 8%, depending on the nuclei.

关键词： instrumentation detectors-methods data analysis

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Analytical solutions for full-field radiations of magnetoelectric antennas with nonlinear magnetoelastic coupling

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2024年第7期40卷 109-121页

作者： Baoxin lei Zhixiong You Zhidong Zhang Yang shi Research Center for Applied Mechanics School of Mechano-Electronic EngineeringXidian UniversityXi'an 710071China China Telecom WanWei Information Technology Co. Ltd.Lanzhou 730010China

This paper presents analytical solutions for full-field radiation in magnetoelectric(ME)antennas,considering a fully magnetoelastic coupled constitutive relation.A nonlinear converse ME coupling model is established,incorporating mechanical,electric,and magnetic variables with generalized Maxwell *** model emphasizes the essence of ME antennas,where radiation is achieved through strain/stress-mediated coupling between different *** magnetic flux density and electric displacement obtained from the model are used as sources to solve the full-field radiations of ME *** proposed model is validated through existing experiments and simulations,demonstrating that the radiation performance of ME antennas is strongly influenced by nonlinear magneto-elastic *** material parameters and magnetic bias significantly impact the magnetic flux density and far-field radiation due to the nonlinear magnetization *** study reveals the mechanisms behind enhanced working bandwidth and frequency tuning by examining the frequency response of the radiation impedance with material *** adjusting the initial magnetization rate,saturation magnetostriction,and saturation magnetization,the radiation efficiency/gain can be increased by 340%,108%,and 112%*** model enhances our understanding of the full-field radiation of ME antennas and provides a foundation for designing tunable ME antennas.

关键词： ME antenna Full-field radiation Magneto-elastic coupling Radiation patterns

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The Science Operations and Data Center (SODC) of the ASO-S mission

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2019年第11期19卷 103-109页

作者： Yu Huang Hui Li Wei-Qun Gan You-Ping Li Jiang-Tao Su Yuan-Yong Deng Li Feng Yang Su Wei Chen shi-jun lei Ying Li Yun-Yi Ge Ying-Na Su Si-Ming Liu Jing-Jing Zang Zun-lei Xu Xian-Yong Bai Jing-Wei Li Key Laboratory of Dark Matter and Space Astronomy Purple Mountain ObservatoryChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210034China National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

A ground data analysis center is very important to the success of a *** introduce the Science Operations and Data Center(SODC)for the ASO-S mission,which consists of a scientific operation subcenter,a data management subcenter,a data analysis subcenter and a user service *** mission planning process,instrument observation modes and the data volume are *** describe the data flow and processing procedures from spacecraft telemetry to high-level science data,and the long-term archival as *** data policy and distributions are also briefly introduced.

关键词： space vehicles:instruments methods:data analysis techniques:image processing

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Discrimination of polysorbate 20 by high-performance liquid chromatography-charged aerosol detection and characterization for components by expanding compound database and library

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2024年第5期14卷 722-732页

作者： shi-Qi Wang Xun Zhao Li-jun Zhang Yue-Mei Zhao lei Chen Jin-Lin Zhang Bao-Cheng Wang Sheng Tang Tom Yuan Yaozuo Yuan Mei Zhang Hian Kee Lee Hai-Wei shi Jiangsu Institute for Food and Drug Control Nanjing210019China School of Pharmacy China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing211112China School of Pharmacy Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing210046China Chinese Pharmacopoeia Commission Beijing100061China Nanjing Well Pharmaceutical Group Co. Ltd.Nanjing210018China School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Jiangsu University of Science and TechnologyZhenjiangJiangsu212003China University of Massachusetts Amherst Amherst01003USA Department of Chemistry National University of SingaporeSingapore117543Singapore

Analyzing polysorbate 20(PS20)composition and the impact of each component on stability and safety is crucial due to formulation variations and individual *** similar structures and polarities of PS20 components make accurate separation,identification,and quantification *** this work,a high-resolution quantitative method was developed using single-dimensional high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)with charged aerosol detection(CAD)to separate 18 key components with multiple *** separated components were characterized by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry(UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS)with an identical gradient as the HPLC-CAD *** polysorbate compound database and library were expanded over 7-time compared to the commercial *** method investigated differences in PS20 samples from various origins and grades for different dosage forms to evaluate the composition-process ***-Q-TOF-MS identified 1329 to 1511 compounds in 4 batches of PS20 from different *** method observed the impact of 4 degradation conditions on peak components,identifying stable components and their tendencies to ***-CAD and UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS results provided insights into fingerprint differences,distinguishing quasi products.

关键词： Polysorbate 20 Component Database Discrimination Degradation

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Electromagnetic characteristic analysis and design of a linear motor used for ultra-high-speed EMS maglev train

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第6期67卷 1957-1973页

作者： GAO Han shi TingNa GAO XinMai lei YanXiao YAN Dong GUO LiYan YAN Yan College of Electrical Engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China Zhejiang University Advanced Electrical Equipment Innovation Center Hangzhou311107China State Key Laboratory of High-speed Maglev Transportation Technology Qingdao266100China CRRC Qingdao Sifang Co.Ltd. Qingdao266111China

The operating speed of the commercial electromagnetic suspension(EMS)maglev train has been over 430 km/h,making it the fastest means of land *** the increasing demands of people traveling,it is necessary to further improve the operating speed of maglev *** to examine whether the existing EMS system can meet the requirements of ultra-highspeed operation(more than 600 km/h),the electromagnetic characteristics of an EMS linear motor under the operating speed of 600–1000 km/h fed by a square-wave voltage supply is investigated in this ***,an electromagnetic field model of the EMS system under the square-wave voltage supply is established to investigate its electromagnetic performance,e.g.,the characteristics of phase current,the magnetic flux density,and the electromagnetic ***,the relationship between the harmonic components of the air-gap magnetic flux density and electromagnetic force is investigated using the two-dimensional fast Fourier transform(2D-FFT)to reveal the mechanism of electromagnetic force ***,to address the issues of excessive armature current density and significant electromagnetic force ripple,the linear motor is re-designed by enlarging the stator slot area and reshaping the mover's main magnetic ***,the Taguchi method is used to further improve the electromagnetic characteristics of the linear electric ***,the effectiveness of the proposed optimal design is validated by the finite-element analysis(FEA)based co-simulation.

关键词： ultra-high-speed maglev transportation electromagnetic suspension(EMS) linear motor electromagnetic force ripple suppression

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Seasonal Variation of Hearing Sensitivity in the Red-eared Slider(Trachemys scripta elegans)

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Asian Herpetological Research 2024年第2期15卷 82-89页

作者： Tongliang WANG Jinxia YANG Handong LI Jinhong lei Haitao shi Jichao WANG Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands Key Laboratory of Tropical Animal and Plant Ecology of Hainan ProvinceCollege of Life SciencesHainan Normal UniversityHaikou 571158HainanChina

Seasonal variation of hearing sensitivity has been observed in many vertebrate groups with obvious vocal *** hormones,conspecific calling signals,and temperature are potential factors that drive these plasticity *** have a hearing range that appears to be limited to under 1.5 kHz and are often thought to be non-vocal;thus,they are commonly neglected in vocal communication *** this study,we aimed to determine whether the auditory phenotype exhibits seasonal variation in sensitivity and to analyze the potential factors driving such variation patterns in *** measured hearing sensitivity and sex hormone levels in female(estradiol)and male(testosterone and dihydrotestosterone)Red-eared sliders(Trachemys scripta elegans)during spring and *** results showed that auditory brainstem response(ABR)thresholds were significantly lower in spring than in winter at a frequency range of 0.5-0.9 *** hearing-sensitivity bandwidth was wider,and the ABR latency was significantly shorter in spring than in *** significant differences were found in estradiol,testosterone,and dihydrotestosterone levels in *** elegans between spring and *** study is the first to reveal the seasonal variation of peripheral hearing sensitivity in turtles,a special animal group with limited hearing range and less *** variations may be used to explain these seasonal effects,but further research is required to confirm our findings.

关键词： auditory plasticity seasonal variation temperature turtles

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