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Chinese Optics Letters 2024年第7期22卷 47-52页

作者： Lian Zhou Daping Luo Gehui Xie shiping Xiong Haipeng Lou Zilin zhao Yuanfeng Di Chenglin Gu Wenxue Li State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy East China Normal UniversityShanghai 200062China

We demonstrate an all-polarization-maintaining(APM)fiber mode-locked laser based on nonlinear polarization evolution(NPE).A well-designed Sagnac fiber loop is employed to establish the nonlinear polarization evolution process in a polarization beam splitter(PBS)figure-8 fiber *** loss curves are calculated to verify the saturable absorption characteristic of this NPE-based APM ***,we simulate the pulse propagation process in the cavity to demonstrate the pulse mode-locked ***,we also design a realizable compact scheme to further reduce noise disturbances,achieving a 101-fs mode-locked pulse train with a 0.3-mrad integrated phase noise and a 0.006%integrated relative intensity noise(RIN).This figure-8 fiber laser provides a new scheme for compacting low-noise compact APM fiber lasers based on the NPE mode-locked mechanism.

关键词： ultrafast laser fiber laser polarization-maintaining

从族类到户籍:“不分满汉,但问旗民”含义析

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北京大学学报（哲学社会科学版） 2024年第4期61卷 96-105页

作者：赵世瑜北京大学历史学系北京100871

“不分满汉,但问旗民”,是清史和满族史研究者耳熟能详的一句俗语。长期以来,研究者均未说明此语来自何处,因此,这句话多被理解为强调清代满汉或旗民之别的表达。然而这句俗语毕竟暗示了某种变化,这就是从强调满汉族类差异到强调旗民户... 详细信息

“不分满汉,但问旗民”,是清史和满族史研究者耳熟能详的一句俗语。长期以来,研究者均未说明此语来自何处,因此,这句话多被理解为强调清代满汉或旗民之别的表达。然而这句俗语毕竟暗示了某种变化,这就是从强调满汉族类差异到强调旗民户籍之别的变化,因此具有“民化”或在地化的意涵。而由“入籍”成为国家编户的“民化”或在地化过程,是从明代甚至更早时期一直延续不断的。

关键词： “不分满汉但问旗民” 族类户籍 “民化”

Clinical Value of the Quantitative Flow Ratio to Predict Long-term Target Vessel Failure in Patients with In-stent Restenosis after Drug-coated Balloon Angioplasty

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Current Medical Science 2024年第3期44卷 561-567页

作者： Xiang-qi WU Long-bo LI Wei YOU Zhi-ming WU Lei zhao Zhi-hui WANG Pei-na MENG Bin LIU Fei YE Department of Cardiology Nanjing First HospitalNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing210006China Department of Cardiology The Second Hospital of Jilin UniversityJilin130000China

Objective The study sought to investigate the clinical predictive value of quantitative flow ratio(QFR)for the long-term target vessel failure(TVF)outcome in patients with in-stent restenosis(ISR)by using drug-coated balloon(DCB)treatment after a long-term *** This was a retrospective study.A total of 186 patients who underwent DCB angioplasty for ISR in two hospitals from March 2014 to September 2019 were *** QFR of the entire target vessel was measured *** primary endpoint was TVF,including target vessel-cardiac death(TV-CD),target vessel-myocardial infarction(TV-MI),and clinically driven-target vessel revascularization(CD-TVR).Results The follow-up time was 3.09±1.53 years,and 50 patients had *** QFR immediately after percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)was significantly lower in the TVF group than in the no-TVF *** Cox regression analysis indicated that the QFR immediately after PCI was an excellent predictor for TVF after the long-term follow-up[hazard ratio(HR):5.15×10−5(6.13×10−8−0.043);P<0.01].Receiver-operating characteristic(ROC)curve analysis demonstrated that the optimal cut-off value of the QFR immediately after PCI for predicting the long-term TVF was 0.925(area under the curve:0.886,95%confidence interval:0.834–0.938;sensitivity:83.40%,specificity:88.00;P<0.01).In addition,QFR≤0.925 post-PCI was strongly correlated with the TVF,including TV-MI and CD-TVR(P<0.01).Conclusion The QFR immediately after PCI showed a high predictive value of TVF after a long-term follow-up in ISR patients who underwent DCB angioplasty.A lower QFR immediately after PCI was associated with a worse TVF outcome.

关键词： percutaneous coronary intervention in-stent restenosis target vessel failure quantitative flow ratio

老年高血压患者疾病感知与焦虑抑郁症状相关关系研究

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中国慢性病预防与控制 2024年第3期32卷 188-192,197页

作者：武玉姣徐佳赵琦顾海雁施建华复旦大学公共卫生学院上海200032 上海市徐汇区疾病预防控制中心上海200237 上海市徐汇区田林街道社区卫生服务中心上海200030

目的分析社区老年高血压患者疾病感知与焦虑和抑郁症状的关系,为改善其心理健康状况提供科学依据。方法于2023年4月采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法从上海市徐汇区疾病预防控制中心慢性病信息化管理平台中的老年高血压患者中抽取848名作为... 详细信息

目的分析社区老年高血压患者疾病感知与焦虑和抑郁症状的关系,为改善其心理健康状况提供科学依据。方法于2023年4月采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法从上海市徐汇区疾病预防控制中心慢性病信息化管理平台中的老年高血压患者中抽取848名作为研究对象。分别采用病人健康问卷抑郁量表(PHQ-9)、广泛性焦虑障碍量表(GAD-7)、疾病感知问卷简化版(BIPQ)评估高血压患者疾病感知现状、焦虑症状和抑郁症状。使用SPSS 26.0软件进行χ^(2)检验,采用多因素logistic回归分析疾病感知对焦虑、抑郁症状的影响。结果848名调查对象中有焦虑症状、抑郁症状者分别占17.7%和23.2%,BIPQ总分为(35.18±8.58)分。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,疾病感知总分(OR=1.069,95%CI:1.041~1.098)、疾病影响(OR=1.190,95%CI:1.046~1.353)、疾病可理解性(OR=1.276,95%CI:1.067~1.527)和疾病情绪(OR=1.178,95%CI:1.015~1.368)得分增加与高血压患者焦虑症状高风险相关;疾病感知总分(OR=1.051,95%CI:1.027~1.075)、疾病影响(OR=1.265,95%CI:1.126~1.420)、疾病关心(OR=1.158,95%CI:1.002~1.339)和疾病可理解性(OR=1.301,95%CI:1.102~1.535)得分增加与高血压患者抑郁症状高风险相关,症状识别(OR=0.852,95%CI:0.732~0.990)得分增加与高血压患者抑郁症状低风险相关。结论老年高血压患者对疾病的负性感知与焦虑抑郁症状的发生相关,帮助患者树立正确疾病认知可改善其心理健康状况。

关键词：高血压老年患者疾病感知焦虑抑郁

Chromosome-level genome and population genomics of the intermediate horseshoe bat(Rhinolophus affinis)reveal the molecular basis of virus tolerance in Rhinolophus and echolocation call frequency variation

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Zoological Research 2024年第5期45卷 1147-1160页

作者： Le zhao Jiaqing Yuan Guiqiang Wang Haohao Jing Chen huang Lulu Xu Xiao Xu Ting Sun Wu Chen Xiuguang Mao Gang Li College of Life Sciences Shaanxi Normal UniversityXi’anShaanxi 710119China QinLing-Bashan Mountains Bioresources Comprehensive Development C.I.C. School of Bioscience and EngineeringShaanxi University of TechnologyHanzhongShaanxi 723001China Guangzhou Zoo GuangzhouGuangdong 510070China School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences East China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241China

Horseshoe bats(genus Rhinolophus,family Rhinolophidae)represent an important group within chiropteran phylogeny due to their distinctive traits,including constant high-frequency echolocation,rapid karyotype evolution,and unique immune *** in evolutionary biology,supported by high-quality reference genomes and comprehensive whole-genome data,have significantly enhanced our understanding of species origins,speciation mechanisms,adaptive evolutionary processes,and phenotypic ***,genomic research and understanding of the evolutionary patterns of Rhinolophus are severely constrained by limited data,with only a single published genome of *** currently *** this study,we constructed a high-quality chromosome-level reference genome for the intermediate horseshoe bat(***).Comparative genomic analyses revealed potential genetic characteristics associated with virus tolerance in ***,we observed expansions in several immune-related gene families and identified various genes functionally associated with the SARS-CoV-2 signaling pathway,DNA repair,and apoptosis,which displayed signs of rapid *** addition,we observed an expansion of the major histocompatibility complex class II(MHC-II)region and a higher copy number of the HLA-DQB2 gene in horseshoe bats compared to other chiropteran *** on whole-genome resequencing and population genomic analyses,we identified multiple candidate loci(e.g.,GLI3)associated with variations in echolocation call frequency across *** *** research not only expands our understanding of the genetic characteristics of the Rhinolophus genus but also establishes a valuable foundation for future research.

关键词： Reference-quality genome Comparative genomics Population genomics Positive selection Bats

A Chinese Multi-Specialty Delphi Consensus to Optimize RAASi Usage and Hyperkalaemia Management in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease and Heart Failure

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Chinese Medical Sciences Journal 2024年第2期39卷 79-90页

作者： Ming-Hui zhao Wei Chen Hong Cheng Bi-Cheng Liu Zhi-Guo Mao Zhuang Tian Gang Xu Jing-Min Zhou Renal Division Peking University First HospitalBeijing 100034China Department of Nephrology The First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou 510080China Department of Nephrology Capital Medical UniversityBeijing 100029China Department of Nephrology Southeast University Zhongda HospitalNanjing 210009China Department of Nephrology Shanghai Changzheng HospitalShanghai 200003China Department of Cardiology Peking Union Medical College HospitalBeijing 100730China Renal Division Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030China Department of Cardiology Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai 200032China

Objective Variations are present in common clinical practices regarding best practice in managing hyperkalaemia(HK),there is therefore a need to establish a multi-specialty approach to optimal renin angiotension-aldosterone system inhibitors(RAASi)usage and HK management in patients with chronic kidney disease(CKD)&heart failure(HF).This study aimed to establish a multi-speciality approach to the optimal use of RAASi and the management of HK in patients with CKD and *** A steering expert group of cardiology and nephrology experts across China were convened to discuss challenges to HK management through a nominal group *** group then created a list of 41 statements for a consensus questionnaire,which was distributed for a further survey in extended panel group of cardiologists and nephrologists across *** was assessed using a modified Delphi technique,with agreement defined as"strong"(≥75%and<90%)and"very strong"(≥90%).The steering group,data collection,and analysis were aided by an independent *** A total of 150 responses from 21 provinces across China were recruited in the *** were comprised of an even split(n=75,50%)between cardiologists and *** 41 statements achieved the 75%consensus agreement threshold,of which 27 statements attained very strong consensus(≥90%agreement)and 14 attained strong consensus(agreement between 75%and 90%).Conclusion Based on the agreement levels from respondents,the steering group agreed a set of recommendations intended to improve patient outcomes in the use of RAASi therapy and HK management in China.

关键词： Sardiorenal syndrome chronic kidney failure heart failure hyperkalemia multidisciplinary communication RAASi

Goat casein hydrolysates alleviated insomnia in mice via modulating the level of neurotransmitters and the composition of gut microbiota

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Ling Mo Huijuan Jing Xiaojing Du Chaochao zhao Yintao Lin Jie Li Hongxin Wang State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology， Jiangnan University Sweet Inn (Guangzhou) Technology Development Co.， Ltd School of Public Health， Guilin Medical University School of Food Science and Technology， Jiangnan University

Insomnia is associated with neurotransmitters and intestinal dysbiosis. Though studies have demonstrated the ameliorative effects of milk hydrolysates on insomnia， the underlying mechanisms require further exploration. In this study， we investigated how papain hydrolysates of goat casein (CPH) and whey protein (WPH) affected mice’s sleeplessness. Here， we show that CPH effectively improved the total sleep time in 12 h and restoring neurotransmitters (5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)， γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)， dopamine (DA)， and norepinephrine (NE)) in mice. Further gut microbiota analysis revealed a significant increase in the relative abundance of Helicobacter and Escherichia-shigella and a decrease in the relative abundance of Lactobacillus in the insomnia model mice (Model). Compared to the Model group， both CPH and WPH significantly increased the relative abundance of Akkermansia and Lactobacillus while lowering the relative abundance of Helicobacter and Escherichia-shigella. Notably， while diazepam (DZP) increased mouse sleep duration， it also increased the relative abundance of Colidextribacter， Parasutterella， Muribaculaceae， and Prevotella. Additionally， the gene expression and protein expression of GABAAreceptor， cAMP-response element binding protein (CREB)， and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) were upregulated in the hypothalamus. We also discovered a link between intestinal gut microbiota and neurotransmitters. Overall， our results suggest that goat milk hydrolysates， especially CPH， can effectively improve insomnia， providing a theoretical basis for further experimentation and individualized designs.

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Metabolomic reveals the inhibition mechanism of proline on hexanal production in chicken meat

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： huanxian Cui Yuxi Jin Yanke Wang Xiaoya Yuan Li Liu Jie Wen Guiping zhao State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition， Institute of Animal Science， Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences

Hexanal contributes significantly to meat flavor. The aim of this study was to identify the metabolic pathways of hexanal formation in chicken meat. We found 32 metabolites associated with hexanal content in chicken meat， mainly including fatty acids (linoleic acid， etc.， positive correlation) and some amino acids (L-proline， etc.， negative correlation). A comparative analysis of the expression of these 32 metabolites between two groups of chickens with high- and low hexanal content revealed that L-proline and phenylacetaldehyde were downregulated， while ADP-ribose and 4-methylphenol were upregulated in the high-hexanal content chickens. It was also found that the increase of ADP-ribose induced the conversion of L-proline to other amino acids， such as arginine， through a process likely involving the pyrimidine metabolism pathway， leading to a reduction in proline content， which in turn abolished the inhibitory effect of proline on hexanal and enhanced the formation of hexanal. These findings confirm the effect of linoleic acid on hexanal content， and also reveal a negative regulatory effect of proline on the production of hexanal and its elimination mechanism in chicken meat.

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PrkA negatively regulates the temperature tolerance and virulence of Aeromonas veronii

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Yuanhuan Kang Jianping Wei Bintong Yang Tong zhao Haiying Cui Shu Li Wei Cong Marine College， Shandong University/Key Laboratory of Modern Marine Ranching Technology of Weihai Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Microecological Preparation College of Veterinary Medicine/College of Animal Science and Technology， Jilin Agricultural University

Aeromonas veronii is considered an emerging food-borne pathogen associated with a significant threat to public health， distributing in various aquatic environments and aquatic products. Hanks-type Ser/Thr kinases (STKs) play a critical role in the pathogenesis of pathogens. However， the function of A. veronii STKs is currently unclear. By constructing a markerless prkA in-frame deletion strain， ΔprkA， we found that (i) the colonies of the ΔprkA strain were larger after 1 h of high temperature at 50 ℃ compared with the wild-type strain TH0426 and the complementary strain C-prkA， and the number of viable bacteria of the ΔprkA strain increased significantly (P < 0.001); (ii) the ΔprkA strain significantly enhanced the adhesion ability to epithelioma papulosum cyprini (EPC) cells; (iii) the ΔprkA strain was significantly more virulent than the TH0426 strain， at both the cellular and animal levels; and (iv) RNA-seq results showed a total of 984 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the ΔprkA strain and the TH0426 strain， which were enriched in 70 KEGG metabolic pathways， mainly involved in bacterial ribosomes， flagellar assembly， type II secretion system (T2SS)， and lipopolysaccharide metabolic pathways. Taken together， the findings of this study indicate that the Hanks-type STK PrkA negatively regulates several biological processes， such as the temperature tolerance and virulence of A. veronii. The results of this study provide an important reference for further elucidation of the pathogenesis of A. veronii.

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Systemic immune-inflammation index,neutrophilto-lymphocyte ratio,and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio in patients with type 2 diabetes at different stages of diabetic retinopathy

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第5期17卷 877-882页

作者： Ying Gao Rong-Xin Lu Yun Tang Xin-Yi Yang Hu Meng Chang-Lin zhao Yi-Lu Chen Feng Yan Qian Cao Department of Ophthalmology Sir Run Run HospitalNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 211112Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Ophthalmology Affiliated Jinling HospitalMedical School of Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210002Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Thoracic Surgery the First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210029Jiangsu ProvinceChina Medical School Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210093Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Ophthalmology Taikang Xianlin Drum Tower HospitalAffiliated Hospital of Medical SchoolNanjing UniversityNanjing 210046Jiangsu ProvinceChina

AIM:To investigate systemic immune-inflammation index(SII),neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio(NLR),and plateletto-lymphocyte ratio(PLR)levels in patients with type 2 diabetes at different stages of diabetic retinopathy(DR).METHODS:This retrospective study included 141 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(DM):45 without diabetic retinopathy(NDR),47 with non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy(NPDR),and 49 with proliferative diabetic retinopathy(PDR).Complete blood counts were obtained,and NLR,PLR,and SII were *** study analysed the ability of inflammatory markers to predict DR using receiver operating characteristic(ROC)*** relationships between DR stages and SII,PLR,and NLP were assessed using multivariate logistic ***:The average NLR,PLR,and SII were higher in the PDR group than in the NPDR group(P=0.011,0.043,0.009,respectively);higher in the NPDR group than in the NDR group(P<0.001 for all);and higher in the PDR group than in the NDR group(P<0.001 for all).In the ROC curve analysis,the NLR,PLR,and SII were significant predictors of DR(P<0.001 for all).The highest area under the curve(AUC)was for the PLR(0.929 for PLR,0.925 for SII,and 0.821 for NLR).Multivariate regression analysis indicated that NLR,PLR,and SII were statistically significantly positive and independent predictors for the DR stages in patients with DM[odds ratio(OR)=1.122,95%confidence interval(CI):0.200–2.043,P<0.05;OR=0.038,95%CI:0.018–0.058,P<0.05;OR=0.007,95%CI:0.001–0.01,P<0.05,respectively).CONCLUSION:The NLR,PLR,and SII may be used as predictors of DR.

关键词： diabetic retinopathy neutrophil-tolymphocyte ratio platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio systemic immune-inflammation index